WorksheetsBiomolecules Pre Test
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 20mins
What organic molecule is most important as the source of building blocks for cell structures and least important for its role as an energy source?
carbohydrate
fat
protein
sugar
What is one function of protein?
catalyze chemical reactions
form waxy, waterproof coverings
compose cellulose for plant support
provide source of fiber in the die
Why do fats have higher caloric value than other organic molecules?
They contain more carbon-hydrogen bonds.
They are composed of complex monosaccharides.
They are composed of amino acids bonded together.
They contain fewer ATP molecules per gram.
When does the body use proteins as an energy source?
when it needs a quick, immediate supply of energy
when there are no carbohydrates or lipids available
when it needs a large number of calories per gram
when it needs a supply of fatty acids and glycerol
If DNA provides the instructions for cells to make proteins, why do people still need to eat proteins?
The body does not have all the amino acids needed to make all proteins.
Protein from food reacts differently in cells than proteins created in the body
Cells need a larger quantity of proteins than the body can create.
DNA only codes for proteins that control cell function, not cell growth
Adipose tissue is present beneath the skin's surface and serves to cushion and insulate the body. Which important organic molecule is most likely present in this tissue?
cellulose
lipids
proteins
starch
A student observed a food sample that left a greasy spot on paper and also gave a positive test for starch. Which two organic compounds are present in the food sample?
proteins and lipids
proteins and nucleic acids
carbohydrates and lipids
carbohydrates and nucleic acids
What is the best criteria to use for classifying water as an inorganic compound?
The compound lacks carbon.
The compound lacks nitrogen
The compound contains both hydrogen and oxygen.
The compound has a 2:1 ratio of hydrogen to oxygen.
Which chemical formula represents an organic compound?
H20
HNO3
CuCl
C6H14
Why is it important for farmers to add nitrogen to their field of crops?
Plants use nitrogen to make nucleic acids which provide energy.
Plants use nitrogen to make carbohydrates which provide energy.
Plants use nitrogen to make proteins which help them grow strong and healthy.
Plants use nitrogen to make lipids which help them grow strong and healthy
Why are proteins important for organisms?
They store and transmit hereditary information.
They are structural components and the primary source of energy
They store energy and are components of waterproof coverings.
They regulate cell processes and are structural components.
What controls and directs the production of proteins in living things?
amino acids
carbohydrates
lipids
nucleic acids
A forensic chemist conducts an analysis of hair samples taken from a crime scene in an effort to identify possible suspects. What is likely to provide the most important information?
color of the hair fibers
DNA from the root of the hair
amino acid composition of the hair
microscopic comparison of hair fibers
Which statement is true about nucleic acids?
They have a sugar-phosphate backbone with nucleotide bases attached
They have an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end
They are composed of hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, iron, and phosphorus.
They are composed of chains of sugars connected by peptide bonds
Which phrase describes the structure of nucleic acids?
composed of chains of monosaccharides
composed of long chains of amino acids
composed of single or double strands of nucleotides
composed of a glycerol molecule bonded to fatty acid molecule
Which example best represents the ability of carbohydrates to serve as structural components?
The muscles of animals are held together by connective tissues.
The rigid cell wall of green plants is composed of cellulose
The roots of many plants store starches produced by the plant.
The bones of animals store minerals such as calcium phosphate
Carb-loading is a strategy that marathon runners have been known to do several days before a big race. This involves eating foods high in carbohydrates. How does this benefit the athlete?
It increases the number of amino acids available to build muscle mass
It increases the starches stored in the athlete's muscles.
It increases the storage of glycogen for energy in the muscles.
It increases body fat which warms and protects the muscles.
Carb-loading is a strategy that marathon runners have been known to do several days before a big race. This involves eating foods high in carbohydrates. Which foods would be best to select for this purpose?
fruits, bread, and pasta
eggs, salad, and chicken
nuts, fish, and beans
spinach, steak, and tomatoes
Which statement best describes the relationship between mono-, di-, and poly- saccharides?
Polysaccharides are large molecules composed of mono- and/or di- saccharides.
Disaccharides are large molecules composed of mono- and poly- saccharides.
Monosaccharides are small molecules composed of di- and/or poly- saccharides.
Mono-, di-, and poly- saccharides are small molecules that are identical monomers of carbohydrates.
Which chemical formula represents a carbohydrate and why?
CO2 because the ratio of O to C is 2:1
C12H22O11 because the ratio of H to O is 2:1.
C2H7NO3S because the ratio of O to C is greater than 2:1.
CH3CH2CH2COOH because the ratio of H to O is greater than 2:1.
Which phrase describes the structure of carbohydrates?
composed of chains of monosaccharides
composed of long chains of amino acids
composed of single or double strands of nucleotides
composed of a glycerol molecule bonded to fatty acid molecules
Why are carbohydrates important for organisms?
They store and transmit hereditary information.
They are structural components and the primary source of energy.
They store energy and are components of waterproof coverings.
They regulate cell processes and are structural components.
In order to monitor the level of lipids in the bloodstream, what type of lab test will doctors most likely request?
glucose
hemoglobin
insulin
triglycerides
Diets high in fat can lead to cholesterol building up in arteries causing hardening of the arteries and coronary heart disease. What can be inferred about the classification of cholesterol?
They are lipids.
They are proteins
They are carbohydrates.
They are nucleic acids.
An engineer is designing a new synthetic product that requires a waterproof coating. What biomolecule has the characteristics that he should try to replicate?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Why are lipids important for organisms?
They store and transmit hereditary information.
They are structural components and the primary source of energy.
They store energy and are components of waterproof coverings.
They regulate cell processes and are structural components.
Why are nucleic acids important for organisms?
They are stored as fat cells in animals and serve as protection and warmth.
They form peptide bonds to create very long chains called polypeptides which store energy
They exist in 20 different types that form the building blocks of proteins, necessary for life.
They store the hereditary information that makes organisms unique.y.
Like proteins, carbohydrates are organic molecules that serve many functions in the cell. How are carbohydrates and proteins similar in the way they function?
They both are products of the photosynthesis process in plants
They both contain amino acid sequences important in coding for traits.
They both provide energy and have the same caloric value per gram.
They both are sources of genetic information and stored energy.
How are carbohydrates different from proteins?
Carbohydrates are soluble in water, while proteins are insoluble in water.
Carbohydrates are insoluble in water, while proteins are soluble in water.
Carbohydrates are made up of monosaccharides, while proteins are made up of amino acids.
Carbohydrates are made up of amino acids, while proteins are made up of monosaccharides
What biomolecule stores carbohydrates in animals?
glycogen
insulin
protein
starch
What biomolecule stores carbohydrates in plants?
glycogen
insulin
protein
starch
Why are nucleic acids important for organisms?
They store and transmit hereditary information.
They are structural components and the primary source of energy.
They store energy and are components of waterproof coverings.
They are structural components and regulate cell processes.
Which statement describes the structure of protein?
composed of chains of monosaccharides
composed of single or double strands of nucleotides
composed of a glycerol molecule bonded to fatty acid molecules
composed of long chains of amino acids
What is the fundamental element found in all organic compounds studied by chemists?
nitrogen
oxygen
hydrogen
carbon
Which statement best describes the structures of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids?
Organic molecules are composed mostly of amino acids, and once digested, provide organisms with energy
Starch and cellulose are small molecules produced from the digestion of complex carbohydrates such as glucose.
Due to their structure, carbohydrates have a greater caloric value than proteins and lipids.
Most organic molecules are large molecules composed of smaller units that contain carbon atoms.
Hemoglobin is a protein found in blood that carries oxygen. What kind of protein is it?
structural
functional
enzymatic
biochemical
A positive test result from the addition of Biuret's solution would indicate the presence of what biological molecule?
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
starches
Enzymes belong to which category of organic molecules?
carbohydrate
nucleic acid
protein
lipid
Migratory birds ingest large amounts of food before the start of a migration period. The ingested food is stored as fat deposits in the birds’ bodies, causing them to gain body mass. What is the main purpose of this fat deposition in migratory bird
Fat deposition increases the oxygen supply to flight muscles.
Fat deposition provides strength to the flight muscles.
Fat deposition acts as a fuel reserve during migration
Fat deposition cushions and prevents injury during migration
Under which condition is the speed of cellular chemical reactions within a cell most likely to decrease?
The rate of cell division increases.
The concentration of reactants decreases.
The enzyme involved increases in quantity.
The products of the reaction decrease
