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Patho Exam 1 Concepts

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 25mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which laboratory values would support a diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis ?

a)

ESR and CRP

b)

HGB and Rheumatoid factor

c)

WBC and PTT

d)

Uric acid and HGB

2.

Ulcerative colitis:

Which of the following are signs and symptoms?

a)

Abdominal pain and diarrhea

b)

Abdominal distention and hypoactive bowel sounds

c)

Weight gain and high blood sugar

d)

Heartburn with emesis

3.

What type of fluid is this?

a)

Transudate

b)

Modified transudate

c)

Exudate

d)

Oobleck

4.

The process where leukocytes engulf and digest bacteria

a)

leukocytosis

b)

pathogenesis

c)

hydrostatic pressure

d)

phagocytosis

5.

acute inflammation can be defined as

a)

a purulent exudate

b)

a condition of long duration

c)

a condition of sudden onset

d)

an asthmatic incident

6.

pus in the lung is called

a)

emphysema

b)

pulmonary edema

c)

pyogenic

d)

endothelium

7.

which of the following is a lesion

a)

boil

b)

burn

c)

cut

d)

all

8.

a decubitus ulcer can be described as

a)

a sublingual attrition

b)

a mucosal erosion

c)

a gastric lesion

d)

a bed sore

9.

Which of the following are cardinal signs of inflammation?

a)

Heat

b)

Pain

c)

Erythema

d)

Swelling

e)

All of those

10.

What does the suffix 'itis' imply?

a)

Inflammation

b)

Infection

c)

Disease

d)

All of those

11.

What are granulomas?

a)

An aggregation of macrophages

b)

An aggregation of platelets

c)

An aggregation of plasma cells

12.

Which Leukocyte is the first to arrive at the site of injury?

a)

Basophil

b)

Eosinophil

c)

Monocyte

d)

Neutrophil

13.

The nurse recognizes that which of the following are classic signs of inflammation? (select all that apply)

a)

redness

b)

heat

c)

fever

d)

swelling

e)

pain

14.

Which type of inflammation has a rapid onset and a short duration?

a)

acute

b)

chronic

15.

Which type of inflammation leads to more extensive tissue damage

a)

acute

b)

chronic

16.

Which of the following vascular change that corresponds with redness?

a)

Increased vascular permeability

b)

Vasodilation

c)

Chemotaxis

d)

Infiltration of white blood cells

17.

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory findings of a client who has measles. The nurse should expect to find an increase in which of the following types of WBCs?

a)

Basophils

b)

Neutrophils

c)

Lymphocytes

d)

Eosinophils

18.

______ describes the movement of leukocytes toward an injured site due to the presence of certain chemical substances.

a)

chemotaxis

b)

opsonization

c)

anaphylaxis

d)

agglutination

19.

Proteins and cells that move from blood to the surrounding tissue outside the main circulation form a/an ________.

a)

edema

b)

opsonin

c)

hyperemia

d)

MAC

20.

Enzyme produced by pancreas and salivary glands for digestion.

Elevates 3-6 hours after pain begins and peaks in 24 hours.

Elevated lab levels found in Cholelithiasis & Pancreatitis

a)

Lipase

b)

Amylase

c)

Bilirubin

d)

AST

(Aspartate aminotransferase)

21.

Enzyme produced by pancreas to break down fats & triglycerides into fatty acids & glycerol.

Elevated lab levels found in Cholelithiasis & Pancreatitis

a)

Lipase

b)

Amylase

c)

Bilirubin

d)

AST

(Aspartate aminotransferase)

22.

Biproduct of hemoglobin breakdown that is produced by liver, sleep, & bone marrow.

Elevated lab levels found in Hepatitis, Cholelithiasis, Cirrhosis, & Pancreatitis

a)

Lipase

b)

Amylase

c)

Bilirubin

d)

AST

(Aspartate aminotransferase)

23.

Enzyme in the liver (and small amounts in the heart, kidney, and skeletal muscles).

Elevated lab levels found in Hepatitis, Cholelithiasis, Cirrhosis, & Pancreatitis

a)

Lipase

b)

Amylase

c)

ALT (Alanine aminotransferase)

d)

AST

(Aspartate aminotransferase)

24.

Enzyme in the heart and liver (rises with cell injury).

Elevated lab levels found in Hepatitis, Cholelithiasis, Cirrhosis, & Pancreatitis

a)

Lipase

b)

Amylase

c)

ALT (Alanine aminotransferase)

d)

AST

(Aspartate aminotransferase)

25.

Plasma protein that maintains oncotic pressure (prevents edema) and transports drugs, hormones, bilirubin, and fatty acids.

Decreased levels due to liver damage (Glomerulonephritis & Cirrhosis)

a)

Albumins

b)

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

c)

ALT (Alanine aminotransferase)

d)

AST

(Aspartate aminotransferase)

26.

Consist of agranulocytes (monocytes/lymphocytes) & granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils)

Normal: 4,000 - 10,000/mm3

a)

WBC

b)

ESR

c)

CRP

d)

RBC

27.

What is the order of the white blood cells in normal conditions from GREATEST to LEAST abundant?

a)

Neutrophil, Basophil, Eosinophil, Monocyte, Lymphocyte

b)

Neutrophil, Monocyte, Lymphocyte, Eosinophil, Basophil

c)

Neutrophil, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Eosinophil

d)

Neutrophil, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Eosinophil, Basophil

28.

Which of the following is a large agranulocyte that phagocytizes large particles?

a)

monocyte

b)

eosinophil

c)

lymphocyte

d)

neutrophil

29.

Which type of granulocyte has two lobes and is responsible for releasing histamine and heparin?

a)

neutrophil

b)

basophil

c)

eosinophil

d)

monocyte

30.

Which type of agranulocyte has a really large nucleus and provides immunity?

a)

lymphocyte

b)

monocyte

c)

red blood cell

d)

basophil

31.

Which type of plasma protein is responsible for helping cells maintain osmotic pressure?

a)

globulins

b)

albumins

c)

platelets

d)

eosinophils

32.

Which of the following are cell fragments that help control blood clotting?

a)

globulins

b)

lymphocytes

c)

basophils

d)

platelets

33.

C-reactive protein in blood (made in liver)

Elevated= inflammation (can be a sign for IBD: Chon's & Ulcerative Colitis)

a)

CRP

b)

CBC

c)

C&S

d)

ESR

34.

Rate at which RBC settle in a test tube

Elevated= inflammation/infection (can be a sign for IBD or rheumatoid arthritis/fever)

a)

CRP

b)

ESR

c)

C&S

d)

CBC

35.

Rate at which RBC settle in a test tube

Elevated= inflammation/infection (can be a sign for IBD or rheumatoid arthritis/fever)

a)

CRP

b)

ESR

c)

C&S

d)

CBC

36.

If you have a LOW WBC, which does your patient likely have?

a)

autoimmune disorder

b)

infection or reaction to meds

37.

If you have a HIGH WBC, which does your patient likely have?

a)

autoimmune disorder

b)

infection or reaction to meds

38.

Found in mucous, saliva, tears, and breast milk.

Protects against pathogens.

a)

IgA

b)

IgD

c)

IgE

d)

IgG

e)

IgM

39.

Part of the B cell receptor.

Activates basophils and mast cells.

a)

IgA

b)

IgD

c)

IgE

d)

IgG

e)

IgM

40.

Protects against parasitic worms.

Responsible for allergic reactions.

a)

IgA

b)

IgD

c)

IgE

d)

IgG

e)

IgM

41.

Secreted by plasma cells in the blood.

Able to cross the placent into the fetus.

Think blood types and Rh factors.

a)

IgA

b)

IgD

c)

IgE

d)

IgG

e)

IgM

42.

May be attached to the surface of a B cell or secreted into the blood.

Responsible for early stages of immunity.

Think blood types and Rh factors.

a)

IgA

b)

IgD

c)

IgE

d)

IgG

e)

IgM

43.

Cell Mediated Immunity works by:

a)

T-cells and macrophages patrolling for foreign antigen

b)

B-cells stimulated to clone into antibody producing plasma cells and memory cells

c)

Acting as a physical barrier to invading antigens

d)

Interfering with virus replication

44.

Which of these types of Specific Immunity is fastest?

a)

cell mediated (T-cells and macrophages)

b)

humoral (B-cells and antibodies)

45.
Which branch of immunity involves B cells?
a)
Cell-mediated
b)
Humoral
46.

STEMI

a)

a block in a minor artery or a partial obstruction in a major artery

b)

occurs when a ruptured plaque blocks a major artery completely

c)

partial rupture of an artery that does NOT cause permanent damage to the heart.

47.

NSTEMI

a)

a block in a minor artery or a partial obstruction in a major artery

b)

occurs when a ruptured plaque blocks a major artery completely

c)

partial rupture of an artery that does NOT cause permanent damage to the heart.

48.

UNSTABLE ANGINA

a)

a block in a minor artery or a partial obstruction in a major artery

b)

occurs when a ruptured plaque blocks a major artery completely

c)

partial rupture of an artery that does NOT cause permanent damage to the heart.

49.

(Gram-Positive Bacteria):

Diarrhea

Spastic Paralysis

Phagocyte Death

Prevention of Nerve Impulse Transmission

Septic Shock Syndrome (Severe)

a)

Exotoxins

b)

Endotoxins

50.

(Gram-Negative):

Fever/Chills/Weakness

Malaise Swelling/Tenderness at the site

Drainage

Red Streaks on the skin

Shock Syndrome (Severe)

DIC (disseminated intravascular

coagulation) (Severe)

a)

Exotoxins

b)

Endotoxins

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