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WorksheetsModule One
Total questions: 72
Worksheet time: 2hrs 24mins
All are part of the respiratory system, except:
pharynx.
esophagus.
lungs.
trachea.
The area between the two lungs is termed the:
mediastinum
pleural space
carina
thorax
The respiratory system consists of the:
1. larynx
2. trachea and bronchi
3. both lungs
2 and 3
1, 2, and 3
1 and 2
1 and 3
After entering the hilum, each primary bronchus divides. How many primary branches are in the right lung?
4
5
2
3
The part of the lung that extend above the clavicle is termed the:
hilum
lingula
apex
base
The right lung is about how much shorter than the left?
2 cm
2 in
1 cm
1 in
The area identified in this figure is the:
mediastinum
pulmonary viens
hilum
lingula
Where does the esophagus lie in relation to the trachea?
In front of the trachea
Behind the trachea
To the right of
To the left of
What is the most optimal position of the patient for examinations of the heart and lungs?
Upright
Decubitus
Prone
Supine
Why is the upright left lateral position the most commonly used for lateral radiographs of the chest?
There is greater magnification of the heart
Easier to visualize interlobar fissures
Less chance of body rotation
Patient's heat is closer to the IR
The presence of gas or air in the pleural cavity is termed:
pneumomediastinum
pneumopericardium
pneumonias
pneumothorax
Which of the following exposure techniques is required to penetrate al of the thoracic anatomy?
Short exposure time
Long exposure time
Low kVp
High kVp
Where are the hands placed for a PA projection of the chest?
Backs of hands on lateral thighs
Palms of hands on the lateral thighs
Back of hands on hips
Palms of hands on the hips
How many degrees of body rotation are required for routine AP or PA oblique chest radiography?
60
35
30
45
For a PA oblique projection of the chest, the side of interest is generally the side ___ the IR.
farther from
closer to
The AP oblique projection, RPO position of the chest essentially produces the same image as the ___.
PA oblique projection RAO
PA oblique projection LAO
AP oblique projection LPO
AP axial projection, lordotic
The Lindblom method (lordotic method) is used to demonstrate the:
upper anterior ribs
heart and great vessels
posterior ribs
pulmonary apices
What is the CR angle for the lordotic position of demonstrating the pulmonary apices?
10 deg cephalad
15 deg cephalad
0 degrees
10-20 degrees
If the patient cannot be placed in the lordotic position for a radiography, what is the CR angle that can be used to project the clavicles above the apices?
5-10 deg cephalad
15-20 deg caudad
5-10 degrees caudad
15-20 deg cephalad
Where are hands placed for PA Chest?
Back of hands on hips
Palms of hands on hips
Back of hands on lateral thigh
Palms of hands on lateral thigh
What is the central-ray for PA projection of the chest?
5 deg caudad
5-7 deg caudad
perpendicular
5 deg cephalad
How many ribs should be visible above diaphragm on PA chest?
8
9
12
10
How many degrees of body rotation are required for routine AP or PA oblique chest radiography?
45
60
35
25
Where should the top of the IR be positioned for a PA oblique prjection of the lungs?
2" above clavicles
1-2 " above relaxed shoulders
1-2" above the vertebral prominens
3-4" above the vertebral prominens
When the patient is properly positioned for a PA oblique of the chest, the central ray will enter the body:
at the thoracic spine
2" anterior to the spine
2" posterior to the spine
midway between the lateral surface of the elevated side and spine
How is the central ray positioned for an x-ray projection done with the patient placed in a decubitus position?
Vertical
Longitudinal
Horizontal
Transverse
If the lateral decubitus position is used to demonstrate fluid in the pleural cavity, on which side must the patient lie?
The patient's right side
Affected side
Unaffected side
The patient's left side
If the lateral decubitus position is used to demonstrate free air in the plueral cavity, which side must the patient lie?
Affected side
The patient's right side
The patient's left side
Unaffected side
All are radiographic prjections performed using the decubitus positions, except:
AP
Lateral
PA
Oblique
Which side of the patien't's chest is placed against the IR for a ventral or dorsal decubitus lateral projection?
The patient's right side
Unaffected side
Affected side
The patient's left side
Which of the following must be clearly demonstrated on x-ray projections done using a decubitus position?
1. Entire lung fields
2. Patient's arms out of image FOV
3. Identification to indicate which decubitus
1 & 2
1, 2 & 3
1 & 3
2 & 3
The thoracic cavity contains all of the following, except:
larynx
inferior esophagus
heart
thymus gland
The thoracic cavity is enclosed with a shiny, slippery lining called the:
carina
serous membrane
mediastinum
diaphragm
Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged by diffusion within the:
alveoli
terminal bronchioles
alveolar duct
bronchioles
The smallest subdivision of the bronchial tree is the ____ bronchial
primary
tertiary
secondary
terminal
Which of the following should be clearly demonstrated on an AP or PA oblique projection of the lungs?
1. Both lungs in entirety
2. R and L primary bronchi
3. Trachea air filled
1 & 2
1, 2 & 3
1 & 3
2 & 3
Where should the top of the IR be positioned for an AP oblique projection of the lungs?
1.5" above relaxed shoulders
1-2" above vertebral prominens or 5" above jugular notch
1.5" above the jugular notch
1-2" above the vertebral prominens or 2" above jugular notch
Where should the top of the IR be positioned for a supine AP chest radiograph?
1" above relaxed shoulders
1-2" above relaxed shoulders
At the level of the clavicles
At the level of the shoulders
How far above the top of the shoulders should the IR be positioned for any decubitus position of the chest?
2-3" above the shoulders
3-4" above the shoulders
1-2" above the shoulders
At the level of the shoulders
Inflammation of the bronchi would be termed:
Bronchotomy
Bronchiectasis
Bronchitis
Bronchioma
A chronic condition with persistent obstruction of the bronchial airflow is termed:
bronchiectasis
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
bronchotomy
bronchitis
Fluid that collects in the pleural cavity is termed
pleural effusion
COPD
pneumoconiosis
pneumonia
When fluid replaces air in the lung interstitium and alveoli, the patient is said to have:
pleural effusion
pneumothorax
pneumonia
pulmonary edema
The aspiration of a foreign particle in the lung is termed:
viral pneumonia
aspiration pneumonia
bronchitis
pneumonia
Which positioning maneuver moves the scapulae our of the lateral aspects of the lungs?
Depressing the shoulders to lie in the same transverse plane
Placing the patient in an upright position
Rolling the shoulders forward
Placing the backs of hands low on the hips
Which of the following lies in anterior neck?
1. Thyroid gland
2. Parathyroid glands
3. Thymus gland
2 & 3
1, 2 & 3
1 & 3
1 & 2
The organ of voice is the:
larynx
pharynx
epiglottis
uvula
The laryngeal prominence known as the Adam's apple is the:
hyoid bone
cricoid cartilage
epiglottis
thyroid cartilage
Which is the most common imaging modality for examination of the soft palate, pharynx, and larynx?
Magnetic resonance imaging
Nuclear medicine
Computed Tomography
Computed radiography
Which of the following serves as a passage for both food and air?
Trachea
Bronchus
Larynx
Pharynx
The roof of the posterior wall of the nasopharynx contains a mass of lymphoid tissue known as the:
pharyngeal tonsil
epiglottis
thyroid gland
thymus gland
For the AP projection of the pharynx and larynx, the central ray should be directed perpendicular to the:
cricoid cartilage
jugular notch
laryngeal prominence
thyroid cartilage
All of the following are techniques used during radiographic examination of the pharyngolaryngeal structures except:
sneezing
breathing
phonation
swallowing
Which two of the following will be observed on a supine AP chest radiograph?
Clavicles projected higher and lungs appear shorter
All 12 ribs and lungs appear longer
Clavicles projected higher and lung fields appear longer
All 12 ribs and lung fields appear shorter
In a patient suspected to have a small amount of air within the plueral caviry an AP full expiration and AP full inspiration will usually be performed.
True
False
Using 72" SID on Chest Radiographs decreases magnification of the heart and increases spatial resolution.
False
True
The serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic walls is called the:
peritoneal cavity
peritoneum
omentum
mesentery
The pathologic accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity is
aortic aneurysm
obstruction
ascites
ileus
A porperly exposed abdominal image will exhibit all of the following except:
psoas muscles
lower border of liver
transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
pancreas
Which of the following are prime considerations in producing an optimal image of the abdomen?
1. Apply compression
2. Explain the breathing proceudre to the patient
3. Do not start the exposure for 1-2 seconds after suspension of respiration
1, 2 & 3
1 & 2
1 & 3
2 & 3
If a patient is unable to stand for an upright AP abdomen, which position should be used?
Right lateral decubitus
Ventral decubitus
Left lateral decubitus
Dorsal decubitus
Where is the center of the IR positioned for an AP abdominal image with the patient in the supine position?
iliac crest
L3
Umbilicus
Lower rib margin
Where is the center of the IR positioned for an AP upright abdominal image?
L3
iliac crest
lower rib margin
2" above iliac crest
What is respiration phase for AP abdominal image obtained with patient supine?
Slow, deep breathing
Suspend respiration
Suspend at end of inspiration
Suspend at end of expiration
Demonstrating small amounts of intraperitoneal gas in patients with an acute abdomen is often necessary. How long should the patient lie in the left lateral position before exposure to demonstrate the small amount of air?
Variable depending on patient condiition
Variable depending on patient body habitus
10-20 minutes
30-45 minutes
Which of the following is placed perpindicular to the long axis of the grid for a lateral projection of the abdomen?
Midsagittal plane
Transverse plane
Midcoronal plane
Horizontal plane
Which of the following are clearly shown on a lateral abdomen projection with the patient in the dorsal decubitus position?
1. Prevertebral space
2. AIr-fluid levels
3. Urinary bladder
1, 2 & 3
1 & 2
2 & 3
1 & 3
The outer portion of the sac that lines the abdominopelvic cavity is termed the:
visceral pleura
parietal peritoneum
parietal pleura
visceral peritoneum
The folds of the peritoneum that support the abdominal organs are called the:
1. omenta
2. mesentery
3. pleura
1, 2 & 3
1 & 3
2 & 3
1 & 2
The space between the two layers of the peritoneum is called the:
adomeopelvic cavity
pleural cavity
diaphragm
peritoneal cavity
What is the cavity posterior to the peritoneum?
Retrogastrium
Parietal peritoneum
Retroperitoneum
Peritoneal cavity
All of the following are used to evaluate rotation on a KUB, except:
superimposed posterior ribs
ischial spines, if visible are symmetric
alae of the ilia are symmetric
lumbar spinous porcesses in center of vertebral bodies
