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Nuclear Chemistry Review

Total questions: 41

Worksheet time: 28mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which process is used by nuclear power plants to produce energy?
a)
Nuclear fission
b)
Nuclear fusion
c)
Nuclear isotope
d)
Nuclear meltdown
2.
What is the process of splitting atoms to release usable stored energy?
a)
nuclear fusion
b)
nuclear fission
c)
combustion
d)
radiation
3.
During beta decay, a nucleus .... 
a)
gives up two protons and two neutrons.
b)
  maintains the same number of protons and neutrons.
c)
  loses a proton and gains a neutron.
d)

changes a neutron to a proton and emits an electron.

4.
Radioactive materials have unstable...
a)
electrons
b)
protons
c)
nuclei
d)
neutrons
5.
The type of radioactive particle that can be stopped by a sheet of paper is the ____.
a)
alpha particle
b)
beta particle
c)
gamma ray
d)
uranium
6.
The most penetrating type of radiation is the ____.  
a)
alpha particle
b)
gamma ray
c)
beta particle
d)
uranium
7.
A helium nucleus with two protons and two neutrons is called a(n) ____.  
a)
alpha particle
b)
electroscope
c)
beta particle
d)
gamma ray
8.

Negatively charged particles (electrons) emitted from a nucleus at a high speed are ____.  

a)
alpha particle
b)
gamma rays
c)
beta particles
d)
X rays
9.
The process by which nuclei having low masses are united to form nuclei with larger masses is ____.  
a)
a chain reaction 
b)
fission
c)
a chemical reaction 
d)
fusion 
10.

When the isotope 5024X releases an alpha particle we get another element Y that looks like

a)

5022Y

b)

4622Y

c)

4820Y

d)

5426Y

11.

When the isotope 5024X releases a beta particle we get another element, Y, that looks like

a)

5023Y

b)

4622Y

c)

5025Y

d)

5024Y

12.

What is meant by the statement that 3215P has a half life of 14 days

a)

It takes 7 days to go down to 50% radioactivity each time

b)

It takes 14 days to go down to 50% radioactivity each time

c)

After 14 days it starts to become less radioactive

d)

After 14 days the mass decreases by 50%.

13.
Which type of nuclear radiation is being emitted here?
a)
Alpha
b)
beta
c)
gamma 
d)
none
14.

Complete the nuclear equation and determine the type of decay that is occurring in this reaction.

a)

alpha, 42He

b)

beta, 0-1e

c)

gamma

d)

none

15.
The technetium-99 isotope has a half-life of 6.0 hours. If 100.0 mg were injected into a patient how much remains after 18 hours?
a)
33.0 mg
b)
12.5 mg
c)
.33 mg
d)
15.8 mg
16.

What element is in place of the ?

a)
Ag-115
b)
Cd-115
c)
Pd-115
d)
Not Listed
17.
Balance the following equation:
146C --> 0-1e + ________
a)
145B
b)
146C
c)
147N
d)
42He
18.
This is an example of...
a)
Fission  reaction
b)
Fusion reaction
c)
Decomposition reaction
d)
Combustion
19.
When nuclei decay, massive amounts of __________ is released.
a)
energy
b)
jello
c)
protons
d)
neutrons
20.

Which particle has the lightest mass?

a)

He

b)

e

c)

H

d)

n

21.

What type of decay is below?

a)

Alpha

b)

Beta

c)

Fission

d)

Fusion

22.

About how many MILLIONS OF YEARS is the Half Life of Uranium 235?

a)

500

b)

600

c)

700

d)

800

23.

When two nuclei merge to form a single larger nucleus, _____________ has occured

a)

Beta Decay

b)

Alpha Decay

c)

Nuclear Fusion

d)

Nuclear Fission

24.

How many half-life cycles must pass for only 25% of the original sample of U-235 atoms to remain? (you start with 100%)

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

25.

What is the term for an ongoing series of nuclear reactions?

a)

fission

b)

chain reaction

c)

fusion

d)

nuclear

26.

When a neutron turns into a proton in a nucleus, what sort of particle is emitted?

a)

Alpha

b)

Beta

c)

Gamma

d)

Photon

27.

Gamma Rays have ______ charge.

a)

None

b)

+2

c)

+1

28.

__________ occurs when two nuclei combine to form another nucleus.

a)

Nuclear Fission

b)

Nuclear Fusion

29.

What is one problem with studying nuclear fusion in the lab?

a)

it is too expensive

b)

materials are too big to fit in a lab

c)

clean energy production

d)

necessary pressure & temperatures can't be easily maintained

30.

Fill in the blank for the missing part of the decay equation. What type of decay is this?

a)

e

b)

He

c)

alpha

d)

beta

31.

Fill in the blank for the missing part of the decay equation. What type of decay is this?

a)

U-238

b)

U-240

c)

alpha

d)

beta

32.

Using the band of stability graph, what is the ratio of neutrons to protons that is the most stable for elements 1-20?

a)

3:1

b)

1:1

c)

1:1.5

d)

1:2

33.

What two opposing forces are working in the nucleus of an atom?

a)

weak nuclear force holding the protons and neutrons together and electrostatic force that repels protons from each other.

b)

strong nuclear force holding the protons and neutrons together and the Star Wars force

c)

strong nuclear force holding the protons and neutrons together and electrostatic force that repels protons from each other.

d)

electrostatic force that repels protons from each other and gravitational force that draws them closer to the earth

34.

What is the charge of the following particle?

alpha particle

a)

+2

b)

+1

c)

0

d)

-1

35.

What is the charge of the following particle?

Beta particle

a)

+2

b)

+1

c)

0

d)

-1

36.

What is the charge of the following particle?

positron

a)

+2

b)

+1

c)

0

d)

-1

37.

The nuclear forces that hold the protons and neutrons in the nucleus are________.

a)

equal in strength to the electromagnetic repulsions between protons

b)

stronger than the electromagnetic repulsions between protons

c)

weaker than the electromagnetic repulsions between protons

d)

either stronger or weaker than the electromagnetic repulsions between protons depending on the element.

38.

The unstable isotope Radium-224 naturally undergoes alpha decay to become another isotope. Which isotope does it become after this decay?

a)

Rn-220

b)

Ac-224

c)

Fr-223

d)

Ra-222

39.

If the half life of an isotope is 50 years, calculate the percent of original radioactive atoms that remain radioactive after 200 years.

a)

none

b)

50%

c)

12.5%

d)

6.25%

40.

A researcher needs a lead and concrete barrier to shield himself against radiation produced in a lab experiment. Which type of radiation must the experiment produce?

a)

alpha radiation

b)

gamma radiation

c)

free protons

d)

free neutrons

41.

Geiger counters are scientific instruments that detect alpha, beta, and gamma rays. Geiger counters are useful in gathering data on the

a)

potential risks of different amounts of harmful radiation emitted

b)

amount of energy needed to split a nucleus in nuclear fusion

c)

possible damage caused by different bands of UV light

d)

distance that certain radio wave frequencies are able to travel

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