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Virus and Cellular Energy

Total questions: 55

Worksheet time: 47mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What do viruses need to reproduce?
a)
they need genetic material
b)
They need a host cell
c)
They need  bacteria
d)
They need insulin
2.
When a virus invades a living cell, its _______
takes over the cell's functions.
a)
outer coat
b)
genetic material
c)
core
d)
cytoplasm
3.
What provides direct energy for the virus?
a)
food
b)
its host
c)
the sun
d)
a parasite
4.
How could you describe the size of a virus?
a)
Smaller than bacteria
b)
Larger than a parasite
c)
About the size of a dime
d)
Smaller than a proton
5.
What do viruses have in common with living cells? They both...
a)
store genetic information
b)
have chloroplasts
c)
use glucose for cellular respiration
d)
have endoplasmic reticulum
6.
Which of the following occurs after a virus attaches to a host cell in the viral reproduction process?
a)
The host cell dies
b)
The virus dies
c)
The virus inserts its genetic information into the host cell
d)
copies of the virus are immediately released from the host
7.
What does a virus have on the inside?
a)
DNA, but never RNA
b)
RNA but never DNA
c)
DNA or RNA
d)
neither DNA or RNA
8.
What is one way that a lysogenic infection differs from a lytic infection?
a)
A lysogenic virus does not act on bacteria as a lytic virus does.
b)
A lysogenic virus can remain in the host DNA for a longer period without becoming active.
c)
A lysogenic virus contains RNA instead of DNA.
d)
A lysogenic virus directs the production of new viruses right away.
9.

What is F on the diagram?

a)

Tail

b)

Head

c)

DNA

d)

Neck

e)

Base Plate

10.

A student produces a labeled drawing of a virus for a presentation. The student states that the capsid has a function similar to the nuclear membrane found in animal cells. 

Which of these describes the similar functions of capsids and nuclear membranes?

a)

Both transport proteins throughout the structures.

b)

Both provide energy for activities in the structures.

c)

Both protect genetic information for the structures.

d)

 Both code for the proteins needed for reproduction of the structures.

11.

In 1898 Friedrich Loeffler and Paul Frosch found evidence that the cause of the highly contagious hoof-and-mouth disease in livestock was a microscopic infectious particle. It was discovered that this particle requires a host cell to reproduce. Which pathogen is most likely responsible for causing hoof-and-mouth disease in livestock?   

a)

A bacterium, because it is contagious

b)

A protist, because it is microscopic

c)

A fungus, because it infects livestock

d)

A virus, because it requires a host cell to reproduce

12.

In the 1880s, Louis Pasteur developed a method of weakening viruses. The weakened viruses could be injected into healthy individuals. How is this method effective in fighting viral diseases?

a)

The immune system develops antibodies in response to the weakened viruses.

b)

The weakened viruses attach to unaffected viruses in the host and interrupt the viral reproductive cycle

c)

The rate of genetic mutation in the host is decreased due to the introduction of weakened viruses.

d)

Weakened viruses are unable to enter the host organism.

13.

H1N1 flu is a highly contagious viral infection caused by the influenza A (H1N1) virus. The symptoms of H1N1 flu are listed in the box below. An antiviral agent administered within 48 hours of the appearance of symptoms can reduce the severity of the illness.  

Why is it important to administer an antiviral agent to an infected person within 48 hours of the appearance of symptoms?

a)

The H1N1 virus is dormant in cells.  

b)

The H1N1 virus does not mutate.

c)

The H1N1 virus replicates quickly.

d)

The H1N1 virus is transmitted through a vector host, such as a mosquito

14.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an illness caused by a coronavirus. Symptoms including a high fever, headaches, and body aches typically occur two to seven days after infection by the virus. SARS is more serious in elderly patients. This information suggests that the reproductive cycle of the SARS virus is —  

a)

lysogenic, because the virus is a coronavirus

b)

lytic, because the virus causes respiratory illness

c)

lysogenic, because the virus primarily affects older people

d)

lytic, because of the quick onset of symptoms after infection

15.

Select the PRODUCTS of photosynthesis

a)

carbon monoxide

b)

H2O

c)

O2

d)

C6H12O6

e)

CO2

16.

This is the equation for respiration in eukaryotes. What is missing?

a)

ethanol

b)

lactic acid

c)

ATP

d)

ADP

17.

The formula 6CO2 + 6H2O + light/enzymes ---> C6H12O6 + 6O2 refers to...

a)

photosynthesis

b)

fermentation

c)

respiration

d)

oxidation

18.

Chloropasts are found in

a)

animal cells

b)

plant cells

c)

viruses

d)

bacteria cells

19.
This means that oxygen is not needed
a)
anaerobic 
b)
aerobic
20.
This means that oxygen is needed
a)
anaerobic 
b)
aerobic
21.

Photosynthesis converts ____ energy to ____ energy.

a)

light; light

b)

light; chemical

c)

chemical; chemical

d)

chemical; light

22.

As an alternative pathway to aerobic respiration, fermentation is associated with...

a)

the absence of carbon dioxide

b)

the presence of carbon dioxide

c)

the absence of oxygen

d)

the presence of oxygen

23.

The most ATP is generated during...

a)

Kreb's cycle and electron transport chain

b)

light-dependent and light-independent reactions

c)

glycolysis and fermentation

d)

light-dependent reactions and fermentation

24.

What is the organelle in plant cells that absorbs energy from the sun and gives the organism its green pigment?

a)

cytoplasm

b)

mitochondria

c)

chlorophyll

d)

nucleus

25.

What is the formula for photosynthesis?

a)

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

b)

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O.

26.

What are the products of photosynthesis?

a)

Carbon Dioxide & water

b)

Carbon monoxide & glucose

c)

Glucose & oxygen

d)

Hydrogen & ATP

27.

Chloropasts are found in

a)

animal cells

b)

plant cells

c)

viruses

d)

bacteria cells

28.

Select all that apply: What are the three stages of aerobic cellular respiration?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Kreb cycle

c)

Electron Transport Chain

d)

Fermentation

29.
Name the photosynthesizing organelle of the plant cell.
a)
G
b)
B
c)
J
d)
C
30.
Which cell part is present in eukaryotic cells, but not in prokaryotic cells?
a)
cell membrane
b)
cell wall
c)
cytoplasm
d)
nucleus
31.
The diagram below shows the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration and the organelles in which they occur.Which statement describes how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are interrelated?
a)
 Oxygen is produced during cellular respiration and stored during photosynthesis.
b)
Carbon dioxide and water released by cellular respiration are used in photosynthesis.
c)
Photosynthesis releases the energy that is stored during the process of cellular respiration.
d)
 Glucose is used during cellular respiration to produce food that is broken down during photosynthesis.
32.
A weightlifter is using heavy weights in short bursts for a competition. Because his muscle cells are not able to take in enough oxygen to make very much ATP the weightlifter begins to get fatigue in his muscles. Which of the following processes is most likely going on in the muscles of the weightlifter as he competes in his event
a)
As the cells run out of oxygen they switch to anaerobic respiration, which allows the cell to make small amounts of ATP in the absence of oxygen. 
b)
As the cells run out of oxygen, they die off gradually and the weightlifter's muscles have fewer contracting muscle cells.
c)
The cells will never run out of oxygen if the weightlifter is breathing.
d)
As the cells run out of oxygen, they will continue to make the same amount of ATP, since oxygen is not required to make ATP. 
33.
Which cellular organelle is responsible for manufacturing ATP?
a)
Ribosome
b)
Nucleus
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Chloroplast
34.
How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis related, in terms of energy?
a)
The energy captured in photosynthesis is used to power cellular respiration.
b)
The energy transformed in cellular respiration is used to power photosynthesis.
c)
Photosynthesis and respiration perform the same task in terms of energy transformation.
d)
Energy is not involved in either photosynthesis or cellular respiration.
35.
The cell membrane of the red blood cell will allow water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide to pass through. Because other substances are blocked from entering, this membrane is called
a)
perforated
b)
semi-permeable
c)
non-conducive
d)
permeable
36.
Cells need to bring in molecules to carry out cellular processes. Often, this requires moving the molecules across the cell membrane against the concentration gradient. How do these molecules get into the cell?
a)
passive transport by diffusion
b)
active transport using ATP 
c)
passive transport by osmosis
d)
 osmosis
37.
What kind of transport does not require energy?
a)
Active 
b)
Vacuole 
c)
Passive 
d)

Sodium/Potassium Pump 

38.
What is facilitated diffusion?
a)
Transport that uses proteins to help move molecules across the membrane. 
b)
Movements of substances through a membrane. 
c)
When molecules spread from High to Low concentration on their own. 
d)
When pressure pushes something through a membrane. 
39.
What is the significance of the cell membrane? 
a)
Provides protection 
b)
Maintains homeostasis 
c)
Give a cell hydrophobic ends
d)
Provides cholesterol 
40.
Movement of materials through a vesicle into the cell that requires energy is 
a)
exocytosis
b)
endocytosis 
c)
osmosis 
d)
simple diffusion 
41.
The concentration of water is higher in the soil than in plant root cells. Water moves into root cells of a plant by...
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Simple Diffusion
c)
Active Transport
d)
Osmosis
42.
What type of transport is illustrated?
a)
facilitated diffusion
b)
active transport
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
43.

Amylase is a biocatalyst that hydrolyzes starch into simple sugar molecules in the pancreas. Which best describes amylase?

a)

lipid

b)

protein

c)

fatty acid

d)

carbohydrate

44.

Which of these statements describes how monomers combine and create macromolecules?

a)

Amino acids combine to make proteins.

b)

Glucose molecules combine to make nucleic acids.

c)

Nucleic acids combine to make starch.

d)

Proteins combine to make glucose.

45.

Salivary amylase is an enzyme in the human body that digests carbohydrates from food. When food mixed with saliva enters the stomach, the action of salivary amylase slows dramatically. Which causes salivary amylase enzyme to stop digesting food?

a)

The pH of the stomach is lower than in the mouth.

b)

The concentration of food decreases in the stomach.

c)

The temperature of the food increases in the stomach.

d)

The food is mixed more in the mouth than in the stomach.

46.

The diagram represents one way an enzyme can be inhibited. Which statement explains the effect of an inhibitor on an enzyme?

a)

A substrate will be able to bond with the enzyme.

b)

The enzyme will likely be attacked by immune cells

c)

The enzyme will be unable to produce more enzymes.

d)

A substrate will be unable to attach to the enzyme.

47.

Which statement best describes the relationship between the products of photosynthesis and the reactants in cellular respiration?

a)

The products of photosynthesis serve as the reactants in cellular respiration to provide chemical energy.

b)

The products of photosynthesis combine with the reactants in cellular respiration to remove ATP from cells.

c)

The products of photosynthesis inhibit the reactants in cellular respiration in the presence of light.

d)

The products of photosynthesis change the structure of the reactants in cellular respiration in the presence of light.

48.
Which of the following is most likely a prokaryote? 
a)

f

b)

g

c)

h

d)

j

49.
What is the name and function of the organelle displayed above?
a)
Mitochondria: breakdown glucose and produce ATP
b)
Chloroplast: converts solar energy into chemical energy
c)
Vacuole: Stores H2O, salt, food
d)
Nucleus: stores genetic information
50.
Our cell membrane only lets certain substance in and out of the cell.  This is called?
a)
Semi-Selectively Permeable
b)
Perforated
c)
Non-conductive
d)
Permeable
51.
The graph shows how the activity of an enzyme changes over a range of pH values. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
pepsin works best at a pH near 2
b)
pepsin works best at a pH of 9
52.
Enzyme -_______________ the activation energy required for a reaction.
a)
lower, decrease
b)
raise, increase
53.
What is the optimal temperature for the enzyme reaction shown? ____'c
a)
10
b)
20
c)
40
d)
60
54.
What type of energy is glucose?
a)
carbohydrate
b)
protein
c)
nucleic acid
d)
lipid
55.
Where does glycolysis take place in cells?
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Mitochondrion
c)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
d)
Ribosomes

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