WorksheetsEO Midterm EXAM
Total questions: 80
Worksheet time: 46mins
Plants and animals in rocky shores have to withstand harsh and abrupt changes in various conditions, such as (except):
high waves
high light intensity and temperature
prolonged air exposure
high salinity
A ________ is a type of sandy shore ecosystem.
bay
harbor
docl
beach
You can find barnacles in:
sandy shores.
rocky shores.
muddy shores
tide pools
You can find turtles in:
sandy shores.
rocky shores.
muddy shores
tide pools
Which gives the correct order of the zones as you move from SEA to LAND?
1. Lower Intertidal Zone
2. Spray Zone
3. Subtidal Zone
4. Upper Intertidal Zone
1 2 3 4
2143
3 1 4 2
1 4 3 2
Sandy beaches are made up of huge pieces of rock.
True
False
In which zone of the seashore is a rocky shore ecosystem located?
Pioneer
Fixed Dune
Shrub
Intertidal
All of the following are abiotic factors that affect organisms in a rocky shore except______.
Light Intensity
Water
Atmosphere
None the above
Competition for which resource is a dominant factor in the rocky intertidal zone?
food
light
oxygen
space
Which is considered a keystone predator in the middle intertidal zone?
birds
crabs
limpets
sea stars
The lower limit of the intertidal zone is the:
Average high tide.
Average middle tide.
Lowest low tide.
Lowest edge of the rocky substrate.
Holes, cracks, or crevices where seawater collects as the tide goes out.
tide pools
tide zones
tidal waves
tidal shore
Only exposed during low tide; contains the highest biodiversity
Spray zone
Splash zone
Low intertidal zone
Upper intertidal zone
The Splash Zone can be described as
Lies between medium and low tide
Lies between high and low tide
Area above the high tide zone in which animals survive by getting splashed by the waves.
Never receives water
Which organism is pictured?
limpet
seastar
barnacle
periwinkle
The pattern of species living only in particular areas in the intertidal zone is called
subsiding
succession
vertical zonation
climax community
What does it mean for a species to be sessile?
swims freely in the water
lives attached to rock or another hard surface
moves when it is necessary
lives on land
This term means being out of the water; exposed to air
immersion
emersion
substrate
dessicate
Which of the following is an adaptation of rocky shore organisms to prevent drying out?
the byssal threads of mussels
sealing of shell by bivalves and gastropods
starfish suction cups
anemones jelly like bodies
Burrowing protects rocky shore organisms from all of the following EXCEPT…
Wave action
Dessication
Temperature extremes
High salinity
The pattern of species living only in particular areas is a feature of what community?
Rocky Shore
Sandy Shore
Tide pools
Muddy shores
Abbysal Plains
Which of the following is NOT a problem that tide pool organisms must deal with at low tide?
Low dissolved oxygen
High salinity
Wave action
High temperatures
The only littoral zone classified as unstable.
Rocky Shores
Sandy Shores
Muddy shores
Estuaries
Deltas
The following littoral zone(s) are classified as depositional, except:
Rocky Shores
Sandy Shores
Muddy shores
Estuaries
Deltas
Sandy beaches are so harsh that no small animals, even meiofauna, can survive between their sand grains.
True
False
What is the main adaptation seen in organisms in a sandy shore?
Desiccation
Burrowing
Valves to close shells
Sunglasses
__________________________ is the area where a river meets the ocean.
beaches
barrier islands
inlets
estuaries
Seagrasses have a root system that transports nutrients through its flesh.
True
False
Which of the following is NOT an adaptation to avoid drying out?
Hiding in moist/inundated rock crevices
Mucus coating on seaweed
Suctioning tube feets
Securely closing shells and sealing operculums.
1. What do you call the semi-enclosed area where fresh water from a river meets salty water from the sea.
A. Watershed
B. Groundwater
C. Estuary
D. Ocean
4. Occur in the upper coastal intertidal zone between the land and the sea and that are covered by salty or brackish water for at least part of the time.
A. Rocky shore
B. Mud Flats
C. Coral Reefs
D. Salt Marsh
5. It is located along the edges of the salt marsh. This harsh habitat is covered by water at flood high tide and exposed to the scorching sun at ebb (low) tide. It consists of a soggy substrate made up of clay and silt that is deposited during slack tide.
A. Rocky shore
B. Mud Flats
C. Coral Reefs
D. Salt Marsh
It is a type of estuary when a basin is formed through subsidence of below-sea level land created by geological forces along fault lines where ocean water rush in mixed with fresh water from nearby rivers and streams through the natural depressions and channels .
fjord
coastal plain
bar-built
tectonic
Which of the following is an adaptation of organisms in the intertidal zone to high-wave action?
Teeth to burrow a hole on rocks
Suctioning tube feets
Strong hard shells and/or flattened shells
Strong feet used for digging into rocks
All of the above
Plants are important to the estuary. Why?
Provides food
Plants filter out pollution
Plants control flooding
All of the above
What is the defining difference between the marine, freshwater, and estuary biomes?
Salinity (dissolved salt)
Sunlight
Oxygen
Amount of Water
Why is it important that plants like cattails and mangroves live only in the region of the estuary that is brackish water and stays partly flooded during the day?
they have adaptations for living in freshwater and saltwater and need the waters to flood their roots each day.
because if they lived close to the ocean, the turtles would eat them all
because the water is too cold farther up by the river
Why does it matter how much salt is in the water for organisms?
the wrong amount of salt causes organisms to become ill or die
they don't like the way it tastes
salt makes it easier to swim
Why is it important that plants and animals only live in a certain part of the estuary, like near the river, in the brackish water, or by the ocean?
They can only have adaptations for one type of environment.
Predators prevent them from living anywhere else.
The soil is specific for each part of the estuary.
Why is there usually a lot of mud in some parts of the estuary?
The river carries small particles of sand and dirt, which settle to the ground and become mud when the water levels go down.
Pollution has caused all of the plants to die, leaving mud.
The plants lived in the wrong part of the estuary and then died.
Water that has more salinity than freshwater, but not as much as saltwater is called (a) water.
Pick all the types of estuaries:
bar-built
tectonic
complex
fjord
It is an estuary that is formed when sea levels rise and fill in an existing river valley near a flat, low-lying piece of land next to the ocean.
fjord
coastal
plain
tectonic
plateau
It is an estuary that is formed thru glaciers that have cut through forming a long, deep, narrow body of water that reaches far inland.
coastal plain
deltaic
fjord
tectonic
True or False: Bays, harbors, sounds, and inlets are all estuaries
True
False
Name the coast.
Mangroves
Tree coast
Bushy coast
Beach
Name the coast.
Beach
Rocky coast
Headland and bay
Mangroves
Name the coast.
Beach
Bay
Estuary
Rock coast
Name the coast.
Coastal bay
Dunes
Beach
Shoreline
What are 3 common names of Mangrove?
Black Mangroves
Violet Mangroves
Red Mangroves
White Mangroves
Yellow Mangroves
How can Mangroves stand still in the waves?
By their roots
By their stem
By their leaves
Which of the following is not part of the harsh environments mangroves endure
High salt
Hard ground
Low oxygen
Varying Tides
Which of the following is not an adaptation of mangroves
Aerial roots
Buttress roots
Open stomata
salt glands
Mangroves provide a _________________________for small fish before they swim out to the nearby reefs or open ocean.
Mangrove trees are one of the only type of _____ that is adapted to grow in the salty water.
endangered
guardian
vegetation
restore
What are the threat of mangrove forest ?
Rising sea level
Forest's fire
Clearing forest
All of the above
What type of root is this?
buttress root
stilt roots
pencil/cone roots
knee roots
rhizome
What type of root is this?
buttress root
stilt roots
pencil/cone
roots
knee roots
rhizome
What type of root is this?
buttress root
stilt roots
pencil/cone roots
knee roots
rhizome
What type of root is this?
buttress root
stilt roots
pencil roots
knee roots
rhizome
What type of root is this?
buttress root
stilt roots
pencil roots
knee roots
rhizome
What's the difference between a seaweed and a seagrass?
Seagrass have true root system while seaweeds only have holdfast
Seagrasses are true plants while seaweeds are not
Seagrass is a type of vascular flowering plant while seaweeds are a type of protists
All of the above
None of the above
Which of the following are the methods for seagrass assessment? (2 or more correct answers)
Transect Quadrat
Random Plot
Random Quadrat
Transect Plot
What is the other term for the running stolon of seagrass?
Holdfast
Roots
Stipes
Rhizome
Seagrass are anchored to a hard substrate by a root-like structure called holdfast.
True
False
Seagrasses spend their entire life cycle underwater.
true
false
A coral polyp is actually
an animal found in Phylum Cnidaria
an animal found in Phylum Chordata
a plant found in Phylum Bryophyta
a plant found in Phylum Aniospermophyta
Most coral reefs are ______________.
in warm water near the shore
in warm areas away from the shore
in cold areas near the shore
in cold areas away from the shore
Identify this type of reef.
Clue: They are located very close to the shore on mainland
fringing reef
barrier reef
atoll
patch reefs
Identify this type of reef.
Clue: Coral reef structures forming roughly parallel to a shore and separated from it by a lagoon or other body of water.
fringing reef
barrier reef
atoll
patch reefs
Identify this type of reef.
fringing reef
barrier reef
atoll
patch reefs
The following are the methods in exploring/studying coral reefs, except
rover diver
manta tow
line transect
quadrat method
sonar
This is a reef zone that is typically deeper in barrier reefs and atolls while shallower in fringing
reef flat
lagoon
backreef
fore reef/ reef front
This is a reef zone that is slopy and is facing the open ocean (present in the three types of reefs)
reef flat
lagoon
backreef
fore reef/ reef front
This is a reef zone that is the shallower area and largest, most distinctive habitats on coral reefs
reef flat
lagoon
backreef
fore reef/ reef front
