When the neural plate folds inward it forms the

Ridges that are along the neural groove are

Neural folds converge and become

Neural fold cells migrate and become

The anterior portion of the neural tube becomes the

The posterior portion of the neural tube becomes the

At 8 weeks of development, the anterior neural tube begins to differentiate into primary and secondary vesicles

At 8 weeks of development, the anterior neural tube begins to differentiate into primary and secondary vesicles

Which of the following are primary brain vesicles?

Which of the following are secondary brain vesicles?

The telencephalon becomes the cerebrum.

The diencephalon becomes the eye cup, thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus.

The mesencephalon becomes the hindbrain.

The metencephalon becomes the pons and cerebellum

The myelencephalon becomes the medulla oblongata and spinal cord.

This part of the brain functions include conscious thought, memory storage/processing, sensory processing, and skeletal muscle contractions

The outer cerebral cortex consists of

The deep grooves of the cerebrum are called

The shallow grooves between wrinkles of the cerebrum are called

The wrinkles of the cerebrum are called

Which of the folowing is not a lobe of the cerebrum

This divides frontal and parietal lobes

This is immediately anterior to central sulcus

This is immediately posterior to central sulcus

This divides frontal and parietal from temporal

The cerebral cortex is responsible for

The cerebrum has contralateral control where each hemisphere controls sensory and motor functions of the opposite side.

This motor area of the cerebral cortex is located in the precentral gyrus and has conscious control of voluntary skeletal muscle movements

This motor area of the cerebral cortex is located anterior to precentral gyrus and is involved in thinking about (planning) movements and possibly in learned motor skills that are repeated

This motor area of the cerebral cortex is the speech center and directs motor speech (planning/thinking about speaking)

Damage to this area can lead to aphasia

This sensory area of the cerebral cortex is in the parietal lobe and receives touch information from seonsory receptors in skin

This sensory area of the cerebral cortex is in the occipital lobe and receives information from retina

This sensory area of the cerebral cortex is in the temporal lobe and receives sound information

This sensory area of the cerebral cortex is the conscious perception of odors/smells

This sensory area of the cerebral cortex is the conscious perception of taste

This sensory area of the cerebral cortex is the perception of organ sensations

This interpretive area of the cerebral cortex is involved with intellect, complex learning, recall, personality, and is necessary for abstract ideas, judgement, reasoning, etc.

This interpretive area of the cerebral cortex overlaps parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes; it integrates sensory and motor information with emotions, involved in pattern recognition

Wernicke's area is found in which if the following areas of the cerebral cortex?

Which area of the cerebral cortex did Phineas Gage have damaged that lead to personality changes?

This part of the brain is not an isolated part and is known as the emotional brain

This part of the limbic system recognizes anger and fear; assesses danger and elicits fear associated with fight or flight

This part of the limbic system is involved in expressing emotions through gestures and resolving mental conflict when frustrated

This part of the limbic system plays a role in memory formation

Charles Whitman had damage to which area of teh limbic system

I need to know what happens if the cerebral cortex is damaged in particular areas (slide 19).

What are the major parts of the basal nuclei?

Basal nuclei are masses of white matter that are deep within the gray matter of the cerebral hemispheres

The basal nuclei works with which of the following areas to ensure normal skeletal muscle movement

The neurons of the Substantia Nigra produce __________ that inhibits muscle movements.

Which area of the diencephalon contains major relay and processing centers for sensory information ("gatekeeper" for cerebral cortex)?

Which area of the diencephalon is the autonomic control center?

Which area of the diencephalon contains pineal gland and involved in the sleep-wake cycle?

Which area of the diencephalon contains the pituitary gland that secreates froth hormone?

Which area of the brain stem contains nuclei that process visual and auditory information and control reflexes triggered by these stimuli?

Which area of the brain stem links cerebellum to other brain regions

Which area of the brain stem relays sensory information to the rest of the brain stem and thalamus

Which area of the brain stem extends through dentral core of the brain stem and mediates consciousness levels

Which part of the midbrain is responsible for visual reflexes (blinking)?

Which part of the midbrain is responsible for auditory reflexes?

Which part of the midbrain appears red because of rich blood supply and is responsible for subconscious motor information for limb position and background muscle tone

Which part of the midbrain has descending voluntary motor tracts from the precentral gyrus

Which part of the midbrain is involved with wakefulness and sleep

Which part of the brain is teh automatic processing center that monitors proprioceptive, visual, tactile, balance, and auditory sensations

The hemispheres of the cerebellum are joined by

The wrinkles of the cerebellum are known as

The gray matter of the cerebellum is known as

The white matter of the cerebellum is known as

If you have a loss of control of muscle movements resulting in clumsy misguided movements it is known as

This area of the spinal cord supplies nerves to the shoulder and upper limbs

This area of the spinal cord supplies nerves to the pelvis and lower limbs

This area of the spinal cord is cone shaped and is inferior to the lumbar enlargement

This area of the spinal cord is the collection of dorsal and ventral roots of spinal segments

This area of the spinal cord is the slender, strand of fibrous tissue extending from inferior tip of conus medullaris to second sacral vertebra to provide support

This area of the spinal cord is from the neural tube

The superficial layer of the spinal cord that contains large numbers of myelinated and unmyelinated axons

The deep layer of the spinal cord that is dominated by cell bodies of neurons, neuroglia, and unmyelinated axons (forms an "H" or butterfly shape)

The area of the spinal cord that is a shallow, longitudinal groove on the posterior surface

The area of the spinal cord that is a deep groove along the anterior surface

The spinal nerve contains axons and motor neurons that have which of the following parts

Inside the gray matter of the spinal cord there are projections known as horns

Which horn contains somatic and visceral sensory nuclei

Which horn contains visceral motor nuclei

Which horn contains somatic motor nuclei

The meninges consist of five membranes that cover and protect the CNS from shock, contact with the skull, and vertebral cavity

Which part of the meninges is the outermost layer (tough/fibrous) that is anchored to the inner cranium and vertebral cavity

Which part of the meninges is the middle layer containing subarachnoid space and arachnoid villi

Which part of the meninges is the innermost layer bound to underlying nervous tissue

The subsrachnoid space is filled with cerebrospinal fluid that acts as a shock absorber and diffusion medium

Which part of the meninges is between the dura mater and walls of the vertebral canal and contains areolar tissue, blood vessels, and adipose tissue

Which of the following steps are correct about the flow of CSF?

If you have a blood clot in the brain where the blood pools between the dura and cranium it is known as

If you have a blood clot in the brain where the blood pools between the dura and arachnoid it is known as

The brain has six ventricles that allow CSF to flow

I need to know the 12 cranial nerves for my exam.

Each individual axon is surrounded by

A group or bundle of axons is known as

Each fascicle is surrounded by

Nerves are surrounded by

I need to know some of the spinal nerves for my exam (listed on study guide).

This is a virus that remains dormant within nerves

When there is a decrease in blood flow to the brain

When there is a lack of oxygen to the brain

When there is incomplete closing of the backbone and membranes around the spinal cord

When the Substantia nigra has diminshed and is no longer producing dopamine causing uncontrollable movements

A viral infection that leads to neuronal dysfunction

Congenital disorder of movement caused by abnormal brain development

A progressive, degenerative disorder that affects motor neurons

When plaque and brain degeneration can be seen on the brain as the disease progresses

Disease that has recurrent incidents of demyelination of the axons