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Worksheetsнеотложный GCSE Biology Ecology
Total questions: 62
Worksheet time: 31mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
What does abiotic mean
a)
◉some food passed out in faeces ◉large amounts of glucose used in respiration ◉some material lost in excretion
b)
Non-living things
c)
◉stretch a transect line (kinda like long tape) across the area ◉place a quadrat at regular intervals ◉count plants in the quadrat each time ◉compare the results
d)
secrete enzymes which party digest waste,then take up small soluble food molecules
2.
What does biotic mean
a)
living organisms
b)
availability of water,temperature,atmospheric gases
c)
as the trophic level increase the no. of organisms decreases as they need more energy and have less available.
d)
Fish farms, and planted forests
3.
What are abiotic factors
a)
a limit on how may fish you can catch
b)
Place where an organism lives in the ecosystem
c)
Physical (non living) conditions that affect organism distribution (population and habitat)
d)
secrete enzymes which party digest waste,then take up small soluble food molecules
4.
What are the abiotic factors?
a)
usually a green plant produces the molecules (usually glucose through photosynthesis), eaten by primary consumers
b)
Place where an organism lives in the ecosystem
c)
Temp, Light intensity , Oxygen levels for plants and animals in water, Co2 levels for plants, Moisture (water), Soil pH, mineral contents (plants),Wind intensity and direction.
d)
protein rich,low fat,high fibre, vege
5.
Define ecosystem
a)
Interaction of a community (of living organisms) with abiotic parts of their environment.
b)
secrete enzymes which party digest waste,then take up small soluble food molecules
c)
how fresh water circulates between living organisms rivers and the sea
d)
reduce energy transfer from animals to environment: restrict/limit movement of animals, control temp of surrounding(less excretion?) also they can be fed high protein foods to increase growth.
6.
Give an example of an artificial ecosystem
a)
Fish farms, and planted forests
b)
releases CO2 into atmosphere
c)
a limit on how may fish you can catch
d)
bacteria living in deep sea vents
7.
Define biodiversity
a)
Total number of organisms in an area
b)
Range of different plants and organisms in an ecosystem
c)
Place where an organism lives in the ecosystem
d)
increased birth rate, changing diets, new pests and pathogens (screws with farms), change in weather e.g. drought=famine, cost of farm supplies like fertiliser going up, conflict in parts of world
8.
What do decomposers do
a)
◉stretch a transect line (kinda like long tape) across the area ◉place a quadrat at regular intervals ◉count plants in the quadrat each time ◉compare the results
b)
fungus grown on glucose syrup. in aerobic conditions then harvested and purified.
c)
Break down dead organisms
d)
A community where the biotic and abiotic factors are in balance with that the population sizes remain fairly constant.
9.
Define population
a)
Total number of species in an ecosystem
b)
provided more food or food with better nutritional value
c)
features
d)
protein rich,low fat,high fibre, vege
10.
Define habitat
a)
Place where an organism lives in the ecosystem
b)
1%
c)
a limit on how may fish you can catch
d)
features
11.
Define community
a)
as the trophic level increase the no. of organisms decreases as they need more energy and have less available.
b)
quadrat
c)
Total number of organisms in an area
d)
a level of feeding
12.
How does a community differ from a population
a)
quadrat
b)
oxygen,suitable temperature,suitable PH
c)
increased birth rate, changing diets, new pests and pathogens (screws with farms), change in weather e.g. drought=famine, cost of farm supplies like fertiliser going up, conflict in parts of world
d)
A population is the total number of one species in an ecosystem
13.
Define interdependence
a)
oak forest and tropical rainforests
b)
releases CO2 into atmosphere
c)
2 or more organisms relying on one another
d)
Place where an organism lives in the ecosystem
14.
What are the biotic factors
a)
a limit on how may fish you can catch
b)
Temp, Light intensity , Oxygen levels for plants and animals in water, Co2 levels for plants, Moisture (water), Soil pH, mineral contents (plants),Wind intensity and direction.
c)
features
d)
Food availability ,New pathogens,New predators, Competition between species
15.
What are biotic factors
a)
◉place quadrat on ground at random ◉ count number of individuals of one species in quadrat ◉repeat number of times in different areas ◉work out mean no. of plants ◉work out mean no. of plants per m^2
b)
gradual increase of temp of earth
c)
Caused by organisms and affecting other populations' interactions with the ecosystems
d)
releases CO2 into atmosphere
16.
How can grazing affect the distribution of different plant species
a)
More plant species grow as dominant plants are eaten by animals, so the weaker plants grow as they can get more sunlight and minerals as they aren't being taken up by the dominant plants
b)
Interaction of a community (of living organisms) with abiotic parts of their environment.
c)
producer->primary consumer->secondary consumer->tertiary consumer
d)
kills animals and plants
17.
What is a stable community
a)
increased birth rate, changing diets, new pests and pathogens (screws with farms), change in weather e.g. drought=famine, cost of farm supplies like fertiliser going up, conflict in parts of world
b)
a level of feeding
c)
A community where the biotic and abiotic factors are in balance with that the population sizes remain fairly constant.
d)
as the trophic level increase the no. of organisms decreases as they need more energy and have less available.
18.
give an example of 2 stable communities
a)
◉place quadrat on ground at random ◉ count number of individuals of one species in quadrat ◉repeat number of times in different areas ◉work out mean no. of plants ◉work out mean no. of plants per m^2
b)
as the trophic level increase the no. of organisms decreases as they need more energy and have less available.
c)
oak forest and tropical rainforests
d)
compare amount of biomass used in each level of the food chain,show energy flow more clearly
19.
what are the different levels of organisation in an ecosystem
a)
releases CO2 into atmosphere
b)
individual organisms,populations,communities
c)
availability of water,temperature,atmospheric gases
d)
oxygen,suitable temperature,suitable PH
20.
how does an ecosystem work support wise?
a)
self sufficient, apart from energy which is transferred as light energy from the sun to the plants
b)
Food availability ,New pathogens,New predators, Competition between species
c)
usually a green plant produces the molecules (usually glucose through photosynthesis), eaten by primary consumers
d)
a limit on how may fish you can catch
21.
what is adaptations synonymous with
a)
Caused by organisms and affecting other populations' interactions with the ecosystems
b)
features
c)
gradual increase of temp of earth
d)
◉some food passed out in faeces ◉large amounts of glucose used in respiration ◉some material lost in excretion
22.
what are the 3 types of adaptations
a)
certain types of bacteria and fungi
b)
Total number of organisms in an area
c)
structural, behavioural, functional
d)
◉in water from sewage, fertiliser, toxic chemicals, ◉in air, sulphur dioxide and other gases that dissolve in atmosphere to cause acid rain ◉on land landfill and toxic chemicals which may be washed into water
23.
what are extremophiles
a)
organisms living in extreme environments like those with high temperature pressure or salt concentration
b)
battery farms for chickens,fish cages for fish
c)
increased birth rate, changing diets, new pests and pathogens (screws with farms), change in weather e.g. drought=famine, cost of farm supplies like fertiliser going up, conflict in parts of world
d)
self sufficient, apart from energy which is transferred as light energy from the sun to the plants
24.
give a weird example of an extremophile
a)
bacteria living in deep sea vents
b)
More plant species grow as dominant plants are eaten by animals, so the weaker plants grow as they can get more sunlight and minerals as they aren't being taken up by the dominant plants
c)
Interaction of a community (of living organisms) with abiotic parts of their environment.
d)
◉breeding programmes for endangered species ◉protecting rare habitats e.g coral reefs, mangroves ◉ encouraging farmers to keep margins and hedgerows in fields ◉reducing deforestation and CO2 emissions ◉recycling resources rather than dumping in a landfill
25.
how is population estimated
a)
Caused by organisms and affecting other populations' interactions with the ecosystems
b)
quadrat
c)
kills animals and plants
d)
structural, behavioural, functional
26.
quadrat required practical
a)
usually a green plant produces the molecules (usually glucose through photosynthesis), eaten by primary consumers
b)
◉place quadrat on ground at random ◉ count number of individuals of one species in quadrat ◉repeat number of times in different areas ◉work out mean no. of plants ◉work out mean no. of plants per m^2
c)
Physical (non living) conditions that affect organism distribution (population and habitat)
d)
thick stem that stores water,extensive root system to collect water,needles instead of leaves reduce water loss
27.
how is a cactus adapted to be an extremophile
a)
thick stem that stores water,extensive root system to collect water,needles instead of leaves reduce water loss
b)
◉breeding programmes for endangered species ◉protecting rare habitats e.g coral reefs, mangroves ◉ encouraging farmers to keep margins and hedgerows in fields ◉reducing deforestation and CO2 emissions ◉recycling resources rather than dumping in a landfill
c)
Physical (non living) conditions that affect organism distribution (population and habitat)
d)
methane gas, which can then be used as fuel
28.
how could you check the distribution of plants in a habitat
a)
1%
b)
◉stretch a transect line (kinda like long tape) across the area ◉place a quadrat at regular intervals ◉count plants in the quadrat each time ◉compare the results
c)
usually a green plant produces the molecules (usually glucose through photosynthesis), eaten by primary consumers
d)
high energy, high wavelength, infrared light comes in ◉reflects off of earth as low energy, low wavelength, IR ◉CO2 and CH4 in atmosphere absorbs the reflected IR and radiate it back to earth, increasing the temp
29.
what are decomposers
a)
provided more food or food with better nutritional value
b)
availability of water,temperature,atmospheric gases
c)
Total number of species in an ecosystem
d)
certain types of bacteria and fungi
30.
what do decomposers require
a)
a level of feeding
b)
10%
c)
oxygen,suitable temperature,suitable PH
d)
◉some food passed out in faeces ◉large amounts of glucose used in respiration ◉some material lost in excretion
31.
how do decomposers break down dead waste
a)
living organisms
b)
high energy, high wavelength, infrared light comes in ◉reflects off of earth as low energy, low wavelength, IR ◉CO2 and CH4 in atmosphere absorbs the reflected IR and radiate it back to earth, increasing the temp
c)
secrete enzymes which party digest waste,then take up small soluble food molecules
d)
as the trophic level increase the no. of organisms decreases as they need more energy and have less available.
32.
if waste is broken down in anaerobic conditions what is produced
a)
producer->primary consumer->secondary consumer->tertiary consumer
b)
methane gas, which can then be used as fuel
c)
how carbon is recycled
d)
features
33.
milk practical
a)
Place where an organism lives in the ecosystem
b)
protein rich,low fat,high fibre, vege
c)
microorganisms to be grown in large quantities for food such as the fungus fusarium which is useful for producing mycoprotein. ◉They are grown in industrial vats called fermenters with carefully controlled conditions
d)
◉get some milk at room temp, cover it and regularly measure its pH over a few days ◉use either pH probe or universal indicator paper ◉milk should increase in acidity and decrease in pH as it goes sour
34.
what does the carbon cycle describe
a)
structural, behavioural, functional
b)
kills animals and plants
c)
how carbon is recycled
d)
change in seasons, geographical/weather activity e.g storms, humans interacting
35.
what does the water cycle describe
a)
Caused by organisms and affecting other populations' interactions with the ecosystems
b)
bacteria living in deep sea vents
c)
how fresh water circulates between living organisms rivers and the sea
d)
making sure that the whole worlds population has enough food to be healthy
36.
how can food relationships be shown
a)
food chains
b)
Non-living things
c)
Fish farms, and planted forests
d)
individual organisms,populations,communities
37.
Producers,tell me about them
a)
how carbon is recycled
b)
usually a green plant produces the molecules (usually glucose through photosynthesis), eaten by primary consumers
c)
food chains
d)
making sure that the whole worlds population has enough food to be healthy
38.
what is a trophic level
a)
usually a green plant produces the molecules (usually glucose through photosynthesis), eaten by primary consumers
b)
a level of feeding
c)
More plant species grow as dominant plants are eaten by animals, so the weaker plants grow as they can get more sunlight and minerals as they aren't being taken up by the dominant plants
d)
◉in water from sewage, fertiliser, toxic chemicals, ◉in air, sulphur dioxide and other gases that dissolve in atmosphere to cause acid rain ◉on land landfill and toxic chemicals which may be washed into water
39.
what is the order of the food chain
a)
producer->primary consumer->secondary consumer->tertiary consumer
b)
organisms living in extreme environments like those with high temperature pressure or salt concentration
c)
structural, behavioural, functional
d)
change in seasons, geographical/weather activity e.g storms, humans interacting
40.
what factors that put biodiversity at risk
a)
a level of feeding
b)
microorganisms to be grown in large quantities for food such as the fungus fusarium which is useful for producing mycoprotein. ◉They are grown in industrial vats called fermenters with carefully controlled conditions
c)
availability of water,temperature,atmospheric gases
d)
Range of different plants and organisms in an ecosystem
41.
what can factors that put biodiversity at risk to change
a)
◉get some milk at room temp, cover it and regularly measure its pH over a few days ◉use either pH probe or universal indicator paper ◉milk should increase in acidity and decrease in pH as it goes sour
b)
change in seasons, geographical/weather activity e.g storms, humans interacting
c)
◉place quadrat on ground at random ◉ count number of individuals of one species in quadrat ◉repeat number of times in different areas ◉work out mean no. of plants ◉work out mean no. of plants per m^2
d)
how carbon is recycled
42.
how can pollution harm biodiversity
a)
Temp, Light intensity , Oxygen levels for plants and animals in water, Co2 levels for plants, Moisture (water), Soil pH, mineral contents (plants),Wind intensity and direction.
b)
availability of water,temperature,atmospheric gases
c)
◉stretch a transect line (kinda like long tape) across the area ◉place a quadrat at regular intervals ◉count plants in the quadrat each time ◉compare the results
d)
kills animals and plants
43.
where can pollution occur
a)
◉in water from sewage, fertiliser, toxic chemicals, ◉in air, sulphur dioxide and other gases that dissolve in atmosphere to cause acid rain ◉on land landfill and toxic chemicals which may be washed into water
b)
Physical (non living) conditions that affect organism distribution (population and habitat)
c)
quadrat
d)
structural, behavioural, functional
44.
how does burning peat harm the world
a)
making sure that the whole worlds population has enough food to be healthy
b)
releases CO2 into atmosphere
c)
a limit on how may fish you can catch
d)
◉get some milk at room temp, cover it and regularly measure its pH over a few days ◉use either pH probe or universal indicator paper ◉milk should increase in acidity and decrease in pH as it goes sour
45.
define global warming
a)
food chains
b)
Food availability ,New pathogens,New predators, Competition between species
c)
oxygen,suitable temperature,suitable PH
d)
gradual increase of temp of earth
46.
what are the biological consequences of global warming
a)
living organisms
b)
loss of habitat,changes in distribution of species in areas where temperature or rainfall has changed, changes to migration patterns of animals.
c)
protein rich,low fat,high fibre, vege
d)
high energy, high wavelength, infrared light comes in ◉reflects off of earth as low energy, low wavelength, IR ◉CO2 and CH4 in atmosphere absorbs the reflected IR and radiate it back to earth, increasing the temp
47.
how have scientists take steps to reduce pollution and overexploitation to maintain biodiversity
a)
oxygen,suitable temperature,suitable PH
b)
microorganisms to be grown in large quantities for food such as the fungus fusarium which is useful for producing mycoprotein. ◉They are grown in industrial vats called fermenters with carefully controlled conditions
c)
◉get some milk at room temp, cover it and regularly measure its pH over a few days ◉use either pH probe or universal indicator paper ◉milk should increase in acidity and decrease in pH as it goes sour
d)
◉breeding programmes for endangered species ◉protecting rare habitats e.g coral reefs, mangroves ◉ encouraging farmers to keep margins and hedgerows in fields ◉reducing deforestation and CO2 emissions ◉recycling resources rather than dumping in a landfill
48.
what happens as a result of pollution to cause global warming
a)
Interaction of a community (of living organisms) with abiotic parts of their environment.
b)
living organisms
c)
high energy, high wavelength, infrared light comes in ◉reflects off of earth as low energy, low wavelength, IR ◉CO2 and CH4 in atmosphere absorbs the reflected IR and radiate it back to earth, increasing the temp
d)
A population is the total number of one species in an ecosystem
49.
what is food security
a)
oak forest and tropical rainforests
b)
making sure that the whole worlds population has enough food to be healthy
c)
10%
d)
secrete enzymes which party digest waste,then take up small soluble food molecules
50.
what factors make it harder to supply people with food
a)
increased birth rate, changing diets, new pests and pathogens (screws with farms), change in weather e.g. drought=famine, cost of farm supplies like fertiliser going up, conflict in parts of world
b)
battery farms for chickens,fish cages for fish
c)
fungus grown on glucose syrup. in aerobic conditions then harvested and purified.
d)
10%
51.
what is the purpose of pyramids of biomass
a)
compare amount of biomass used in each level of the food chain,show energy flow more clearly
b)
change in seasons, geographical/weather activity e.g storms, humans interacting
c)
features
d)
structural, behavioural, functional
52.
how much light energy that hits plants is trapped
a)
organisms living in extreme environments like those with high temperature pressure or salt concentration
b)
1%
c)
how carbon is recycled
d)
microorganisms to be grown in large quantities for food such as the fungus fusarium which is useful for producing mycoprotein. ◉They are grown in industrial vats called fermenters with carefully controlled conditions
53.
roughly how much biomass is transferred to the level above it
a)
as the trophic level increase the no. of organisms decreases as they need more energy and have less available.
b)
10%
c)
kills animals and plants
d)
Caused by organisms and affecting other populations' interactions with the ecosystems
54.
why is it that only 10% of energy is passed on to the next trophic level?
a)
More plant species grow as dominant plants are eaten by animals, so the weaker plants grow as they can get more sunlight and minerals as they aren't being taken up by the dominant plants
b)
producer->primary consumer->secondary consumer->tertiary consumer
c)
organisms living in extreme environments like those with high temperature pressure or salt concentration
d)
◉some food passed out in faeces ◉large amounts of glucose used in respiration ◉some material lost in excretion
55.
what does the gross loss of energy from one trophic level mean in terms of organism count?
a)
Non-living things
b)
as the trophic level increase the no. of organisms decreases as they need more energy and have less available.
c)
individual organisms,populations,communities
d)
releases CO2 into atmosphere
56.
how can food production be increased
a)
Break down dead organisms
b)
individual organisms,populations,communities
c)
reduce energy transfer from animals to environment: restrict/limit movement of animals, control temp of surrounding(less excretion?) also they can be fed high protein foods to increase growth.
d)
Total number of species in an ecosystem
57.
what is a fishing quota
a)
a limit on how may fish you can catch
b)
Total number of organisms in an area
c)
A population is the total number of one species in an ecosystem
d)
producer->primary consumer->secondary consumer->tertiary consumer
58.
give 2 examples of increasing food yield
a)
battery farms for chickens,fish cages for fish
b)
A population is the total number of one species in an ecosystem
c)
a limit on how may fish you can catch
d)
as the trophic level increase the no. of organisms decreases as they need more energy and have less available.
59.
what does biotechnology allow for, and how
a)
microorganisms to be grown in large quantities for food such as the fungus fusarium which is useful for producing mycoprotein. ◉They are grown in industrial vats called fermenters with carefully controlled conditions
b)
producer->primary consumer->secondary consumer->tertiary consumer
c)
A community where the biotic and abiotic factors are in balance with that the population sizes remain fairly constant.
d)
increased birth rate, changing diets, new pests and pathogens (screws with farms), change in weather e.g. drought=famine, cost of farm supplies like fertiliser going up, conflict in parts of world
60.
mycoprotein,tell me about it
a)
oak forest and tropical rainforests
b)
protein rich,low fat,high fibre, vege
c)
1%
d)
self sufficient, apart from energy which is transferred as light energy from the sun to the plants
61.
how is mycoprotein produced
a)
self sufficient, apart from energy which is transferred as light energy from the sun to the plants
b)
fungus grown on glucose syrup. in aerobic conditions then harvested and purified.
c)
Food availability ,New pathogens,New predators, Competition between species
d)
how carbon is recycled
62.
what is the main uses of GM crops
a)
gradual increase of temp of earth
b)
◉breeding programmes for endangered species ◉protecting rare habitats e.g coral reefs, mangroves ◉ encouraging farmers to keep margins and hedgerows in fields ◉reducing deforestation and CO2 emissions ◉recycling resources rather than dumping in a landfill
c)
provided more food or food with better nutritional value
d)
10%
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