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Unit 5 Geologic Processes Review

Total questions: 58

Worksheet time: 1hrs 9mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Earth's solid, rocky surface is the 
a)
crust
b)
mantle
c)
core
d)
fault
2.
What is represented by the picture? 
a)
Sea-floor spreading
b)
Pangea
c)
How the continents are arranged today
d)
Volcanoes
3.
Look at the image. The South American and Nasca plate are moving together. Which type of boundary is this? 
a)
divergent
b)
convergent
c)
transform fault
4.
In the image, which type of boundary is shown? Hint: its located in the state of California. 
a)
divergent
b)
convergent
c)
transform fault
5.
Which type of event often occurs along transform fault boundaries? 
a)
volcanoes
b)
earthquakes
c)
sea-floor spreading
d)
mountain building
6.
The image shows a dormant volcano. These types of volcanoes are the most explosive and grow to be very tall. Which type of volcano is this?
a)
shield volcano
b)
cinder cone volcano
c)
composite/stratocone volcano
7.
When molten rock reaches the Earth's surface, comes out and begins to cool, it is known as
a)
lava
b)
mantle
c)
magma
d)
crater
8.
What is the main cause of most earthquakes?
a)
human activity
b)
hurricanes
c)
changes in temperature in Earth's mantle
d)
pressure deep within the Earth (from rocks crashing) that is being released
9.
The movement of Earth's crust along plate boundaries produces
a)
earthquakes
b)
volcanoes
c)
moutains
d)
All of these options. 
10.
What causes tectonic plates to move?
a)
ocean currents
b)
convection currents in the mantle
c)
volcanoes
d)
the Coriolis Effect
11.
The upper layer of the mantle is said to be thicker than the lower mantle, but not solid rock like crust. The tectonic plates rest on this layer and it is responsible for the movement of those plates. What is the name of this layer?
a)
crust
b)
asthenosphere
c)
outer core
d)
inner core
12.
The innermost layer of the Earth is thought to be made of solid iron. What is the name of this layer?
a)
mantle
b)
asthenosphere
c)
inner core
d)
outer core
13.
The image shows the Mid Atlantic Ridge. Which type of boundary occurs at this ridge where the ocean floor is spreading apart? 
a)
convergent
b)
divergent 
c)
transform fault
14.

A type of rock made from molten lava

a)

igneous rock

b)

sedimentary rock

c)

metamorphic rock

d)

fossil

15.

Rock formed from particles in the environment that settle to form layers

a)

igneous rock

b)

sedimentary rock

c)

metamorphic rock

d)

fossil

16.

A type of rock formed by great pressure and very high temperatures

a)

igneous rock

b)

sedimentary rock

c)

metamorphic rock

d)

fossil

17.

In some areas of the world, like California and Japan, earthquakes are a common occurrence. How can this best be explained?

a)

The strong ocean currents are undermining both areas causing earthquakes.

b)

Both areas are located near the edge of the Pacific Ocean, the unstable sand causes earthquakes.

c)

Both areas are subjected to strong ocean wind and waves that causes earthquakes.

d)

Both areas are on the boundary of active plates, the motion of the plates causes earthquakes.

18.

Observe this diagram of a plate boundary. One statement BEST describes what is happening. It is that

a)

the oceanic crust is melting.

b)

the denser ceanic crust is subducting under the less dense oceanic crust

c)

volcanic islands are forming.

d)

the tectonic plates are moving away from each other.

19.
What geological forces might be responsible for this range of mountains?
a)
diverging tectonic plates
b)
erosion of the land by the ocean
c)
converging tectonic plates
d)
deposition of sediments by the ocean
20.

Earthquake epicenters (center of where the earthquakes started) were mapped for a 35 year period in the diagram above. The black dots indicate these epicenters. The black dots appear along what feature on Earth?

a)

hot spots

b)

plate boundaries

c)

rift zones

d)

sea floor spreading

21.

The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was caused by a shift in two plates that pushed one section of the sea floor under another section of the sea floor by 5 meters. What type of boundary is this?

a)

divergent

b)

convergent

c)

transform

d)

metamorphic

22.
Scientists hypothesize that a super continent existed 200 million years ago.  This continent is called
a)
America
b)
Super Earth
c)
Pangea
d)
Eurasia
23.
During sea floor spreading, molten material rises up from the mantle...
a)
along the continents
b)
at the mid ocean ridges
c)
deep ocean trenches
d)
at north and south poles
24.
The area around the pacific plate where boundaries form is called...
a)
death ring
b)
fire zone
c)
ring of fire
d)
zone of fire
25.

The San Andreas Fault in California is known as an active earthquake area. What type of

boundary is it?

a)

Converging

b)

Diverging

c)

Transform

d)

Sea Floor Spreading

26.
The Himalayas in Asia are an example of what type of plate boundary?
a)
divergent
b)
continent-to-continent convergent
c)
ocean-to-continent convergent
d)
transform
27.

What is a tectonic plate?

a)

A huge chunk of dense ice that slowly moves.

b)

A rapidly rotating column of air that moves through a storm and destroys things in its path.

c)

A storm with violent wind that travels through the ocean and destroys things in its path.

d)

A large division of Earth’s crust that moves over time.

28.

A rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of the mantle and the crust.

a)

lithosphere

b)

asthenosphere

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

29.

The layer of hot, solid material between Earth's crust and core.

a)

mantle

b)

crust

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

30.

The soft layer of the mantle on which the lithosphere floats.

a)

asthenosphere

b)

lithosphere

c)

crust

d)

outer core

31.

A layer of molten iron and nickel that surrounds the inner core of Earth

a)

outer core

b)

asthenosphere

c)

crust

d)

lithosphere

32.

A dense sphere of solid iron and nickel at the center of Earth

a)

inner core

b)

outer core

c)

asthenosphere

d)

lithosphere

33.

The name of the single landmass that broke apart 200 million years ago and gave rise to today's continents

a)

Pangaea

b)

continental drift

c)

tectonic plate

d)

plate tectonics

34.

The hypothesis that states that the continents once formed a single landmass, broke up, and drifted to their present locations

a)

continental drift

b)

tectonic plate

c)

asthenosphere

d)

rock cycle

35.

The theory that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle.

a)

plate tectonics

b)

continental drift

c)

transform boundary

d)

rock cycle

36.

A block of lithosphere that consists of the crust and the rigid, outermost part of the mantle.

a)

tectonic plate

b)

crust

c)

rock cycle

d)

igneous rock

37.

A tectonic plate boundary where two plates collide, come together, or crash into each other.

a)

convergent boundary

b)

divergent boundary

c)

transform boundary

38.

A plate boundary where two plates move away from each other.

a)

divergent boundary

b)

convergent boundary

c)

transform boundary

39.

The boundary between tectonic plates that are sliding past each other.

a)

transform boundary

b)

convergent boundary

c)

divergent boundary

40.

The process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle at a convergent plate boundary.

a)

subduction

b)

transform boundary

c)

divergent boundary

d)

seafloor spreading

41.

The most destructive type of wave is a

a)

P-wave

b)

S-wave

c)

Surface wave

d)

transverse wave

42.
What type of seismic wave travels compressionally? 
a)
P wave
b)
S wave
c)
Surface
d)
None
43.

What is a tracing of an earthquake's motion that is created by a seismometer?

a)

Seismograph

b)

Seismogram

c)

Seismologist

d)

Elastic Rebound

44.

Which wave can travel through solids, liquids, and gases?

a)

P-Waves

b)

S-Waves

c)

Surface (L) Waves

d)
45.

Which is the fastest type of seismic wave?

a)

p-waves

b)

s-waves

c)

surface waves

46.

The place where the earthquake is felt on the Earth's surface is called the...

a)

Epicenter

b)

Hypocenter (focus)

c)

Surface

d)

Crust

47.

What is the instrument used to measure earthquakes?

a)

Seismograph

b)

Sling Psychrometer

c)

Spring Scale

d)

Balance

e)

Anemometer

48.
Many earthquakes happen along the borders of...
a)
Countries
b)
Tectonic Plates
c)
Climate Zones
d)
None of the above.
49.
The focus of an earthquake is
a)
The point below Earth's surface where rock first breaks
b)
The closest seismic station
c)
The place where the greatest damage occurs
d)
A fault
50.

What is the minimum number of seismograph stations needed to locate an earthquake epicenter?

a)

2

b)

3

c)

4

d)

5

e)

6

51.

Which image models secondary waves?

a)

Top

b)

Bottom

c)

Both

52.

Which type of seismic wave can travel all the way from on side of the Earth to the other?

a)

P-Waves

b)

S-Waves

c)

L-Waves (Surface Waves)

d)

None

53.
A weak spot in the crust where molten material, or magma comes to the surface
a)
lava
b)
volcano
c)
earthquake
d)
tsunami
54.
Tall, cone-shaped mountains in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash
a)
Cinder Cone volcano
b)
Shield volcano
c)
Composite volcano
d)
Caldera
55.
Wide gentle sloping mountain from lava pouring out of the vent and hardens on top of previous layers
a)
Earthquake
b)
Cinder cone volcano
c)
Composite volcano
d)
Shield volcano
56.
A steep cone-shaped hill or mountain
a)
Cinder cone volcano
b)
Shield volcano
c)
Composite volcano
d)
Earthquake
57.
Hot fast moving lava
a)
Pahoehoe
b)
AA
c)
ZZ
d)
Magma
58.
Cool, slow moving lava
a)
Pahoehoe
b)
AA
c)
ZZ
d)
Magma

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