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BIOCHEM 132: Chapter 15 Quiz

Total questions: 64

Worksheet time: 32mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The oxidation of FADH2 to FAD involves the transfer of _____; the oxidation of NADH to NAD+ involves the transfer of _____.

a)

two hydrogen atoms; a hydride

b)

two hydrides; one hydride

c)

a hydride and an H+; a hydrogen atom and an H+

d)

a hydride; two hydrogen atoms

e)

a hydrogen atom and an H+; a hydride

2.

If the following half-reactions are combined, what is the potential for the spontaneous reaction?

oxaloacetate- + 2H+ + 2e- ----> malate- \\ e0' = -0.166 V

NAD+ + H+ + 2e- ----> NADH \\ e0'= -0.315 V

a)

0.0523 V

b)

-0.149 V

c)

0.149 V

d)

-0.481 V

e)

0.0481 V

3.

If the reduction potential for NAD+ is -0.315 V and the reduction potential for oxygen is 0.815 V, what is the potential for the oxidation of NADH by oxygen?

a)

0.185 V

b)

-0.50 V

c)

1.13 V

d)

-1.13 V

e)

0.50 V

4.

In a muscle cell at 37 0C, if the concentrations of pyruvate and lactate are 1.00 x 10-4 M and 5.0 x 10-5 M respectively, what is the actual reduction potential if the e0' for pyruvate reduction is -0.185 V?

a)

0.194 V

b)

-0.186 V

c)

-0.194 V

d)

-0.176 V

e)

0.176 V

5.

What is the Δ\Delta G0' for the reduction of pyruvate to lactate by NADH given the following half reactions?

pyruvate- + 2H+ + 2e- ----> lactate \\ e0' = -0.185 V

NAD+ + H+ + 2e- ----> NADH \\ e0' = -0.315 V

a)

-25.1 kJ/mol

b)

25.1 kJ/mol

c)

-96.5 kJ/mol

d)

-12.5 kJ/mol

e)

96.5 kJ/mol

6.

What does the reduction potential of 0.815 V for the reduction of oxygen to water indicate?

a)

oxygen is a very strong oxidizing agent

b)

water is a very strong reducing agent

c)

water will be spontaneously reduced to oxygen

d)

water is a very strong reducing agent and oxygen is a very strong oxidizing agent

e)

none of the above

7.

For eukaryotes, where are the Complexes of electron transport located?

a)

inner mitochondrial membrane

b)

outer mitochondrial membrane

c)

cytosol

d)

mitochondrial intermembrane space

e)

mitochondrial matrix

8.

What genes are found in the mitochondrial genome?

a)

outer membrane transport proteins

b)

fatty acid oxidation enzymes

c)

citric acid cycle enzymes

d)

electron transport proteins

e)

none of the above

9.

What is the terminal electron acceptor in aerobic organisms?

a)

FAD

b)

varies from one organism to another

c)

none of the above

d)

NAD+

e)

ubiquinone

10.

In the malate-aspartate shuttle, _____ is reduced to _____ in the cytosol.

a)

aspartate; oxaloacetate

b)

aspartate; malate

c)

oxaloacetate; malate

d)

malate; aspartate

e)

malate; oxaloacetate

11.

In the malate aspartate shuttle, _____ is transferred into the mitochondria while _____ is transferred to the cytosol.

a)

oxaloacetate; aspartate

b)

malate; aspartate

c)

NADH; NAD+

d)

NAD+; NADH

e)

malate; oxaloacetate

12.

Which of the following transport mechanisms is used in the inner mitochondrial membrane? IMS = intermembrane space

a)

antiport of ATP from IMS to matrix, ADP from matrix to IMS

b)

symport of ADP and H+ from IMS to matrix

c)

symport of ATP and H+ from matrix to IMS

d)

 

symport of Pi and H+ from IMS to matrix

e)

antiport of ADP from IMS to matrix, Pi from matrix to IMS

13.

The reduction potentials of all prosthetic groups of Complex I have reduction potentials between _____ and _____.

a)

NADH; ubiquinol

b)

ubiquinone; oxygen

c)

 

NAD+; ubiquinone

d)

FAD; ubiquinone

e)

ubiquinone; cytochrome c

14.

The process of _____ allows electrons to be transferred between redox centers that are up to 1.4 nm apart.

a)

electron tunneling

b)

electron shuttling

c)

swinging arm electron transfer

d)

electron teleporting

e)

reduction

15.

Which of the following represents the correct order of electron flow in Complex I?

a)

NADH ---> FMN ---> ubiquinone ---> Fe-S clusters

b)

NADH ---> ubiquinone ---> Fe-S clusters ---> FMN

c)

NADH ---> Fe-S clusters ---> FMN ---> ubiquinone

d)

NADH ---> FMN ---> Fe-S clusters ---> ubiquinone

e)

NADH ---> ubiquinone ---> FMN ---> Fe-S clusters

16.

How many protons are transported from the matrix to the intermembrane space by Complex I?

a)

2

b)

6

c)

4

d)

0

e)

8

17.

What shuttle mechanism transfers cytosolic NADH into the mitochondria with a loss of reductive power, with the electrons entering the electron transport chain as ubiquinol instead of NADH?

a)

adenine nucleotide shuttle

b)

alanine aminotransferase shuttle

c)

none of the above

d)

malate-aspartate shuttle

e)

glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle

18.

Which of the following is a source of ubiquinol?

a)

succinate dehydrogenase

b)

all of the above

c)

fatty acyl-CoA dehydrogenase

d)

Complex I

e)

mitochondrial dehydrogenase

19.

Complex III accepts electrons from _____ and transfers them to _____.

a)

ubiquinone; cytochrome c

b)

ubiquinol; cytochrome b

c)

ubiquinol; cytochrome c

d)

cytochrome c; cytochrome a

e)

ubiquinone; cytochrome a

20.

The cytochromes undergo which of the following oxidation reactions?

a)

Cu2+ ---> Cu1+

b)

Cu1+ ---> Cu2+

c)

Fe0 ---> Fe2+

d)

Fe0 ---> Fe2+

e)

Fe2+ ---> Fe3+

21.

How many protons are moved across the inner mitochondrial membrane at Complex III?

a)

2

b)

3

c)

none of the above

d)

1

e)

4

22.

Ubiquinone is a _____ molecule that serves as a _____ electron carrier; cytochrome c is a _____ molecule that serves as a _____ electron carrier.

a)

hydrophobic; 1; hydrophilic; 1

b)

hydrophobic; 1; hydrophilic; 2

c)

hydrophobic; 2; hydrophilic; 1

d)

hydrophilic; 2; hydrophobic; 1

e)

hydrophilic; 2; hydrophobic; 2

23.

Complex IV uses _____ and _____ ions to reduce oxygen to water.

a)

manganese; iron

b)

zinc; copper

c)

manganese; copper

d)

copper; iron

e)

iron; zinc

24.

How many cytochrome c molecules are oxidized by Complex IV for each molecule of oxygen that is reduced?

a)

3

b)

4

c)

1

d)

2

e)

it depends upon the efficiency of the electron transfer in Complex IV

25.

For every two electrons transferred from NADH to oxygen, _____ protons are pumped from the matrix to the intermembrane space.

a)

12

b)

8

c)

4

d)

10

e)

6

26.

The imbalance of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane is referred to as _____.

a)

the electron transport force

b)

the protonmotive force

c)

the chemiosmotic force

d)

the proton gradient force

e)

the ATP synthase force

27.

How many ATP molecules are synthesized from the oxidation of one NADH molecule?

a)

2.5

b)

1

c)

3

d)

1.5

e)

2

28.

How many ATP can be produced from the complete oxidation of glucose if the malate-aspartate shuttle is used?

a)

32

b)

2

c)

19.5

d)

30

e)

28

29.

Which subunit of ATP synthase is responsible for the catalysis of ATP formation?

a)

a

b)

α\alpha  

c)

γ\gamma  

d)

c

e)

β\beta  

30.

Which of the following occurs when the catalytic subunit of ATP synthase is in the loose state?

a)

ADP and Pi are converted to ATP

b)

ATP is released

c)

 

ADP and Pi bind

d)

none of the above

e)

ATP is hydrolyzed

31.

What is the P/O ratio for the oxidation of ubiquinone if three protons are required to synthesize one ATP?

a)

2

b)

1.5

c)

3

d)

3.3

e)

1

32.

Which of the following terms describes the effect of thermogenin upon electron transport and ATP synthesis?

a)

none of the above

b)

inhibitor

c)

thermogenerator

d)

uncoupler

e)

electron acceptor

33.

Which of the following is the correct half reaction for the oxidation of acetaldehyde?

a)

acetaldehyde + H2O →\rightarrow acetate- + 3H+ + 2e- 

b)

acetate- + 3H+ + 2e- →\rightarrow acetaldehyde + H2O

c)

acetaldehyde + 2 H+ + 2e- →\rightarrow ethanol

d)

ethanol →\rightarrow acetaldehyde + 2 H+ + 2e-

e)

acetaldehyde + CO2 + H+ + 2e- →\rightarrow pyruvate-

34.

Which of the following results from the first round of the Q cycle?

a)

two reduced cytochrome c and one ubiquinone

b)

one reduced cytochrome c and one ubiquinone

c)

one reduced cytochrome c, one reduced cytochrome B and one ubiquinone

d)

two reduced cytochrome c and one ubiquinol

e)

one reduced cytochrome c and one semiquinone

35.

What free radical is thought to be commonly produced by the electron transport chain?

a)

hydroxyl

b)

peroxyl

c)

superoxide

d)

hydrogen peroxyl

e)

all of the above

36.

If the pH of the matrix is 7.7, what is the pH of the intermembrane space if the Δ\Delta  G for transport of H+ is 20 kJ/mol at 37°C with Δ\Delta ψ\psi   = 170 mV?

a)

2.6

b)

7.1

c)

8.3

d)

12.8

e)

Cannot be determined

37.

If the Δ\Delta  G for the oxidation of NADH by oxygen is -220 kJ/mol and the Δ\Delta G for transport of H+ across the inner membrane is 20 kJ/mol, what is the efficiency for energy captured in the proton gradient versus energy evolved from NADH oxidation?

a)

9.1%

b)

36%

c)

45%

d)

73%

e)

91%

38.

If an ATP synthase has 12 c subunits, how many protons must move through the enzyme to produce one ATP?

a)

2.5

b)

3

c)

4

d)

10

e)

12

39.

Ubiquinone is found in the inner mitochondrial membrane while cytochrome c is found in the matrix. True or False?

a)

True

b)

False

40.

Under normal metabolic conditions, the difference in pH between the matrix and intermembrane space is ___ suggesting that the processes of electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation ___.

a)

less than 1; maintain a steady state

b)

between 1 and 2; always have a high level of activity

c)

greater than 2; are relatively inactive

d)

none of the above

e)

all of the above

41.

The F0 component of ATP synthase contains ___ subunits; the F1 component contains ___ subunits.

a)

a and c; α and β\alpha\ and\ \beta  

b)

α and β\alpha\ and\ \beta ; a and c

c)

α and β\alpha\ and\ \beta ; α and β\alpha\ and\ \beta

d)

a and c; a and c

42.

Complex III accepts electrons from _____ and transfers them to _____.

a)

ubiquinone; cytochrome c

b)

ubiquinol; cytochrome b

c)

 

ubiquinol; cytochrome c

d)

ubiquinone; cytochrome a

e)

 

cytochrome c; cytochrome a

43.

Complex IV uses _____ and _____ ions to reduce oxygen to water.

a)

iron; zinc

b)

copper; iron

c)

manganese; copper

d)

zinc; copper

e)

manganese; iron

44.

For eukaryotes, where are the Complexes of electron transport located?

a)

mitochondrial matrix

b)

cytosol

c)

 

inner mitochondrial membrane

d)

outer mitochondrial membrane

e)

mitochondrial intermembrane space

45.

For every two electrons transferred from NADH to oxygen, _____ protons are pumped from the matrix to the intermembrane space.

a)

8

b)

4

c)

10

d)

6

e)

12

46.

How many ATP molecules are synthesized from the oxidation of one NADH molecule?

a)

2.5

b)

1

c)

1.5

d)

2

e)

3

47.

How many cytochrome c molecules are oxidized by Complex IV for each molecule of oxygen that is reduced?

a)

4

b)

it depends upon the efficiency of the electron transfer in Complex IV

c)

2

d)

1

e)

3

48.

How many protons are moved across the inner mitochondrial membrane at Complex III?

a)

4

b)

1

c)

3

d)

none of the above

e)

2

49.

If the reduction potential for NAD+ is -0.315 V and the reduction potential for oxygen is 0.815 V, what is the potential for the oxidation of NADH by oxygen?

a)

0.50 V

b)

-1.13 V

c)

0.185 V

d)

1.13 V

e)

-0.50 V

50.

In the malate aspartate shuttle, _____ is transferred into the mitochondria while _____ is transferred to the cytosol.

a)

NAD+; NADH

b)

 

malate; aspartate

c)

NADH; NAD+

d)

malate; oxaloacetate

e)

oxaloacetate; aspartate

51.

In the malate-aspartate shuttle, _____ is reduced to _____ in the cytosol.

a)

oxaloacetate; malate

b)

aspartate; malate

c)

aspartate; oxaloacetate

d)

malate; oxaloacetate

e)

malate; aspartate

52.

The cytochromes undergo which of the following oxidation reactions?

a)

Fe0 ---> Fe2+

b)

 

Fe+3 ---> Fe2+

c)

Cu1+ ---> Cu2+

d)

Fe2+ ---> Fe3+

e)

 

Cu2+ ---> Cu1+

53.

The imbalance of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane is referred to as _____.

a)

the protonmotive force

b)

the electron transport force

c)

the chemiosmotic force

d)

 

the ATP synthase force

e)

the proton gradient force

54.

The process of _____ allows electrons to be transferred between redox centers that are up to 1.4 nm apart.

a)

electron tunneling

b)

reduction

c)

electron teleporting

d)

swinging arm electron transfer

e)

electron shuttling

55.

What does the reduction potential of 0.815 V for the reduction of oxygen to water indicate?

a)

oxygen is a very strong oxidizing agent

b)

none of the above

c)

water will be spontaneously reduced to oxygen

d)

water is a very strong reducing agent

e)

water is a very strong reducing agent and oxygen is a very strong oxidizing agent

56.

What is the ΔG0' for the reduction of pyruvate to lactate by NADH given the following half reactions?

                                        pyruvate- + 2H+ + 2e- ----> lactate                ε0' = -0.185 V                                        NAD+ + H+ + 2e- ----> NADH                         ε0' = -0.315 V

a)

96.5 kJ/mol

b)

 

-12.5 kJ/mol

c)

25.1 kJ/mol

d)

-96.5 kJ/mol

e)

 

-25.1 kJ/mol

57.

What is the P/O ratio for the oxidation of ubiquinone if the F0 domain in mammalian ATP synthase has 8 c subunits ?

a)

3.3

b)

2

c)

1.5

d)

1

e)

3

58.

What shuttle mechanism transfers cytosolic NADH into the mitochondria with a loss of reductive power, with the electrons entering the electron transport chain as ubiquinol instead of NADH?

a)

adenine nucleotide shuttle

b)

malate-aspartate shuttle

c)

alanine aminotransferase shuttle

d)

none of the above

e)

glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle

59.

Which of the following transport mechanisms is used in the inner mitochondrial membrane? IMS = intermembrane space

a)

symport of Pi and H+ from IMS to matrix

b)

antiport of ATP from IMS to matrix, ADP from matrix to IMS

c)

antiport of ADP from IMS to matrix, Pi from matrix to IMS

d)

symport of ATP and H+ from matrix to IMS

e)

symport of ADP and H+ from IMS to matrix

60.

Which of the following represents the correct order of electron flow in Complex I?

a)

NADH ---> FMN ---> ubiquinone ---> Fe-S clusters

b)

NADH ---> ubiquinone ---> FMN ---> Fe-S clusters

c)

 

NADH ---> Fe-S clusters ---> FMN ---> ubiquinone

d)

NADH ---> ubiquinone ---> Fe-S clusters ---> FMN

e)

NADH ---> FMN ---> Fe-S clusters ---> ubiquinone

61.

Which of the following is a source of ubiquinol?

a)

succinate dehydrogenase

b)

 

fatty acyl-CoA dehydrogenase

c)

all of the above

d)

mitochondrial dehydrogenase

e)

Complex I

62.

Which of the following occurs when the catalytic subunit of ATP synthase is in the loose state?

a)

none of the above

b)

ATP is released

c)

 

ADP and Pi bind

d)

ATP is hydrolyzed

e)

ADP and Pi are converted to ATP

63.

Which of the following terms describes the effect of thermogenin upon electron transport and ATP synthesis?

a)

electron acceptor

b)

uncoupler

c)

 

none of the above

d)

thermogenerator

e)

 

inhibitor

64.

Which subunit of ATP synthase is responsible for the catalysis of ATP formation?

a)

β\beta

b)

γ\gamma

c)

c

d)

a

e)

α\alpha

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