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BIO 111 Test 4 Review 2023

Total questions: 76

Worksheet time: 1hrs 9mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which is true about DNA?

a)

It is a nucleic acid.

b)

It is a polymer of nucleotides.

c)

In DNA, nucleotides in the backbone are covalently bonded together via phosphodiester bonds.

d)

All of these are true.

2.

True or False: DNA strands are anti-parallel, meaning they run in opposite directions

a)

True

b)

False

3.

Transcription is

a)

the process of making new DNA

b)

the process of copying a gene from DNA into RNA

c)

the process of making polypeptides from RNA

d)

None of these

4.

What is the shape of DNA?

a)

Single helix

b)

Double helix

c)

Circle

5.

What is the sugar in DNA?

a)

Ribose

b)

Glucose

c)

Deoxyribose

d)

Lactose

6.

Do all living organisms have DNA?

a)

Yes

b)

No

c)

No clue

7.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
8.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
9.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
10.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it determines our hair length
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
11.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
12.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
13.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
14.
What genotype is the most common when crossing a plant with FF and a plant with ff?
a)
Ff
b)
FF
c)
ff
d)
Ffc
15.
If blue is dominant, and red is recessive, then a organism with bb phenotype is
a)
Redd
b)
Blue
c)
Red
d)
Blu
16.
What is the genotype of a blue pea plant? (Blue is recessive)
a)
bb
b)
Bb
c)
BB
d)
Blue
17.
If a heterozygous pea plant and a heterozygous pea plant cross, what genotype is 50% of the offspring?
a)
BB
b)
Bb
c)
bb
d)
Red
18.
In humans, skin tone is caused by 3 genes, each with 2 alleles.  This is an example of
a)
codominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
polygenic inheritance
d)
multiple alleles
19.
In fruit flies eye color is carried on the X chromosome. RED is dominant to WHITE. What is the sex and color of the following: XRXR
a)
female red
b)
female white
c)
male red
d)
male white
20.
In fruit flies eye color is carried on the X chromosome. RED is dominant to WHITE. What is the sex and color of the following: XrY
a)
female red
b)
female white
c)
male red
d)
male white
21.
This type of inheritance pattern shows BOTH traits in possible offspring
a)
complete dominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
co-dominance
d)
dominant pattern
22.
Colorblindness is a recessive, X chromosome sex-link disorder. Cross the parents to figure out which percentage of their offspring will be colorblind.
a)
25%
b)
0%
c)
75%
d)
50%
23.
Which of the following alleles is homozygous recessive?
a)
Tt
b)
tt
c)
TT
d)
T
24.
R=round seed
r=wrinkled seed.
Cross a homozygous round with a wrinkled. Which statement predicts the results?
a)
offspring will be Rr
b)
offspring will be RR
c)
round seeds will be recessive to wrinkled
d)
Wrinkled will be observed in half of offspring
25.

ABO blood grouping is a suitable example of -

a)

co--dominance

b)

incomplete dominance

c)

polygenic inheritance

d)

lethal genes

26.
Which statement best describes the relationship between an allele and a gene?
a)
An allele is a segment of a DNA molecule that controls replication of a gene
b)
An allele is the part of a gene that attaches to messenger RNA molecules
c)
An allele is a variation of a gene that can be expressed as a phenotype
d)
An allele is the primary protein made by a gene found in a developing embryo
27.
What principle states that during gamete formation genes for different traits separate without influencing each other’s inheritance?
a)
principle of independent assortment
b)
principle of probabilities
c)
principle of segregation
d)
principle of dominance
28.
A tall plant (TT) is crossed with a short plant (tt). If the tall F1 pea plants are allowed to self-pollinate
a)
all offspring will be medium height
b)
all offspring will be tall
c)
all offspring will be short
d)
offspring will be tall and short
29.
A heterozygous tall pea plant is crossed with a short plant. The probability that an F1 plant will be tall is
a)
100%
b)
75%
c)
50%
d)
25%
30.
If T=Tall & t=short, what is the genotypic ratio?
a)
1:3
b)
3:1
c)
1:2:1
d)
2:2
31.
A woman who is a carrier of an X-linked recessive trait will have a ______ chance of passing that trait to her sons.
a)
0%
b)
50%
c)
25%
d)
100%
32.

Semi-conservative replication means that,

a)

each new DNA molecule is made up of 2 new strands

b)

1 new DNA molecule is made of 2 new strands of DNA

c)

1 new DNA molecule is made up of the 2 old strands of DNA

d)

the DNA molecule made is composed of 1 old strand and 1 new strand of DNA

33.

Which of the following pyrimidines are not found in DNA synthesis?

a)

uracil

b)

guanine

c)

thyamine

d)

cytosine

34.
An enzyme that unwinds the double helix of DNA and separates the DNA strands in preparation for DNA replication
a)
DNA polymerase
b)
RNA polymerase
c)
nucleotide
d)
helicase
35.

DNA is synthesized,

a)

in a 3' to 5' direction

b)

in a 5' to 3' direction

c)

in either direction

d)

none of the above

36.
DNA makes a copy of itself in a process called ________________________________?
a)
translation
b)
replication
c)
translation
d)
division
37.
The diagram shows the process of
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Replication
d)
Mitosis
38.
Genetic info flows in one direction. Which best represents this flow?
a)
DNA-protein-RNA
b)
Protein-RNA-DNA
c)
RNA-protein-DNA
d)
DNA-RNA-protein
39.
What is the relationship between a protein, the cell, and DNA?
a)
DNA is produced by protein which is produced in the cell
b)
Protein is composed of DNA which is produced in the cell
c)
DNA controls the production of protein in the cell
d)
A cell is composed of DNA and protein
40.
The DNA sequence ATCAGCGCTGGC is part of a gene. How many amino acids are coded for by this message?
a)
4
b)
8
c)
12
d)
20
41.
Name this structure
a)
double helix
b)
nucelotide
c)
twisted ladder
d)
hydrogen bond
42.

A five-carbon sugar found in RNA.

a)

ribose

b)

guanine

c)

deoxyribose

d)

RNA helicase

43.
Any change in the sequence of DNA nucleotides or chromosomes is called a 
a)
mutation
b)
single genotype
c)
monohybrid trait
d)
transgenic shift
44.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
45.

Adenine pairs with

a)

Adenine

b)

Thymine

c)

Guanine

d)

Cytosine

46.
Which base is replaced by Uracil in RNA?
a)
Thymine
b)
Cytosine
c)
Guanine
d)
Adenine
47.

If a DNA strand has the sequence of ATG, then the mRNA strand that matches up to transcribe it would be

a)

AUG

b)

UAC

c)

AUC

d)

none of these

48.

Is this a strand of DNA or RNA?

TACGGACTA

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

Impossible to tell

49.

Select the RNA sequence or sequences for Glutamine.

a)

CGU

b)

CAG

c)

CUA

d)

CAA

50.

Find the amino acid that this segment of RNA codes for: GAC

a)

Arginine

b)

Asparagine

c)

Aspartic Acid

d)

Alanine

51.

In RNA, C pairs with G , and A pairs with

a)

U

b)

A

c)

C

d)

T

52.

Find the amino acid that this segment of RNA codes for: UUG

a)

Glycine

b)

Asparagine

c)

Lysine

d)

Leucine

53.

A codon is a group of ___ RNA bases.

a)

1

b)

3

c)

5

d)

6

54.
What type of RNA carries the DNA message out of the nucleus to the ribosomes?
a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
RNA
d)
DNA
55.
When the RNA gets to the ribosomes, which molecule transfers to the mRNA to amino acids?
a)
DNA
b)
mRNA
c)
tRNA
d)
Replicated RNA
56.
What structure of this molecule binds with the mRNA molecule?
a)
Amino Acid
b)
tRNA
c)
Anticodon
d)
Codon
57.

DNA is used as a guide to rewrite the genetic code into RNA. RNA can then leave the nucleus.

a)

This is Transcription.

b)

This is Translation.

58.

RNA goes to the ribosome where it is used as a guide to attach amino acids together. Amino acids in a chain is a protein

a)

This is Transcription.

b)

This is Translation.

59.

In DNA, C pairs with G , and A pairs with

a)

U

b)

A

c)

C

d)

T

60.

Select the DNA sequence or sequences for Lysine.

a)

TTC

b)

AAC

c)

TTT

d)

TAT

61.
Fruit fly body cells have 8 chromosomes. After mitosis, you would expect a resulting fruit fly daughter cell to have ...
a)
16 chromosomes.
b)
46 chromosomes.
c)
8 chromosomes.
d)
4 chromosomes.
62.
DNA is replicated during the ______ phase of the cell cycle.
a)
G1
b)
Synthesis
c)
G2
d)
G0
63.

How many chromosomes are normally found in human body cells?

a)

46

b)

23

c)

26

d)

44

64.
Identify the phase of mitosis.
a)
prophase
b)
metaphase
c)
anaphase
d)
telophase
65.
a)
Prophase
b)
Interphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
66.
a)
Cytokinesis
b)
Interphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Metaphase
67.
a)
Anaphase
b)
Cytonkinesis
c)
Interphase
d)
Prophase
68.
a)
Cytokinesis
b)
Anaphase
c)
Telophase
d)
Prophase
69.
Name the phase:
a)
Anaphase
b)
Telophase
c)
Metaphase
d)
Prophase
70.
Name the previous phase.
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
71.
Meiosis makes sperm and egg cells. In humans, sperm and egg cells each have _____ chromosomes. Therefore a fertilized human egg cell (sperm and egg cell combined) would create a cell with _____ chromosomes.
a)
23, 46
b)
46, 23
c)
2, 4
d)
50, 100
72.
Unlike mitosis, meiosis in male mammals results in the formation of
a)
one haploid gamete
b)
three diploid gametes
c)
four diploid gametes
d)
four haploid gametes
73.
When an area of a chromatid is exchanged with the matching area on a chromatid of its homologous chromosome, _________________ occurs
a)
crossing over
b)
mutagenesis
c)
hybridization
d)
fertilization
74.
If the Diploid number of Carrots is 18, the haploid number is
a)
18
b)
9
c)
27
d)
36
75.
If a somatic cell in a butterfly contains 24 chromosomes, a butterfly egg would contain
a)
3
b)
6
c)
12
d)
24
76.
A male shark has 40 chromosomes in each of its sex cells. How many would be present in its body cells?
a)
20
b)
40
c)
80
d)
160

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