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BIOLOGY PRACTICE EXAM

Total questions: 81

Worksheet time: 55mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

DNA replication creates two strands of DNA from one. If pink is parental DNA and blue is new DNA - which picture demonstrates the accepted model of DNA replication after the SECOND replication cycle?

a)
b)
c)
d)
2.

The picture below shows an enzyme unwinding and unzipping DNA.

​

​What is the name of this enzyme?

a)

DNA Helicase

b)

DNA Ligase

c)

DNA polyermase

d)

RNA Polymerase

3.

Which of the following DNA nucleotides are paired with the correct corresponding DNA nucleotide? (mark all that apply)

a)

Adenine with Thymine

b)

Guanine with Cytosine

c)

Thymine with Cytosine

d)

Adenine with Uracil.

e)

Uracil with Thymine

4.

You are given the DNA strand 5'ATGCTCAGCTGA3'. What is the corresponding DNA strand?

a)

5'UACGAGUCGACU3'

b)

5'TACGAGTCGACT3'

c)

3'UACGAGUCGACU5'

d)

3'TACGAGTCGACT5'

5.

Many enzymes are involved in DNA replication. Which is the correct order of enzymes involved in DNA replication from beginning to end?

a)

Helicase, DNA primase, DNA polymerase, Ligase

b)

RNA primase, Helicase, DNA polymerase, Ligase

c)

Helicase, RNA primase, DNA polymerase, Ligase

d)

DNA primase, Helicase, RNA polymerase, Ligase

6.

Which is the role of DNA polymerase?

a)

Unwinds the original DNA strand

b)

Lays down RNA primer for new nucleotide bases.

c)

Builds new strands by bringing in new nucleotide bases.

d)

Remove Okazaki fragments for new nucleotides.

7.

Which is the last step of DNA replication?

a)

RNA Helicase unwinds original DNA strand

b)

DNA Primase lays down RNA primer for new nucleotide bases.

c)

RNA polymerase builds new strands by bring in new nucleotide bases.

d)

Ligase knits together fragments on lagging strand

8.

Which letter in the picture below depicts the leading strand in DNA replication?

a)

A

b)

C

c)

B

d)

None of the above

9.

Which letter in the picture below depicts the lagging strand in DNA replication?

a)

Letter A since it is copied from 5' to 3'

b)

Letter A since it is copied from 3' to 5'

c)

Letter B since it is copied from 3' to 5

d)

Letter B since it is copied from 5' to 3'

10.

Which letter in the given picture depicts the okazaki fragments?

a)

A - lagging strand

b)

C - leading strand

c)

B - lagging strand

d)

C - replication fork

11.

DNA replication puts down nucleotides ______' to _____' and is said to be ______________________

a)

5, 3, antiparallel

b)

3, 5, antiparallel

c)

5, 3, parallel

d)

3, 5, parallel

12.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
13.
Why does DNA replicate?
a)
To create another copy for the new cell
b)
To create a duplicate copy in case the original gets damaged
c)
To create a new copy to replace the damaged original
14.
The process of DNA replication is called semi conservative because it results in
a)
none of these
b)
Two DNA molecules.  One original molecule and one with two new strands
c)
two exact copies with new strands
d)
two identical molecules, each with 1 original strand and one new.
15.
What strand is copied faster?
a)
Leading
b)
Lagging
16.
Who's work concluded that the %A=%T  and %G=%C
a)
Chargaff
b)
Meischer
c)
Levene
d)
Hammerling
17.

What are the components of a DNA nucleotide? (Mark all that apply)

a)

Deoxyribose

b)

Ligase

c)

Nitrogen Base

d)

Phosphate group

e)

Ribose

18.

What is the charge of a DNA molecule?

a)

Positive because of the purine bases

b)

Negative because of the phosphate groups

c)

Positive because deoxyribose has a positive charge

d)

Negative because of the hydrogen bonds

19.

What's the difference between purine and pyrimidine nitrogen bases?

a)

Pyrimidines are only found in DNA, not RNA

b)

Pyrimidines have two rings, Purines have one

c)

Purines are only found in DNA, not RNA

d)

Purines have two rings, Pyrimidines have one

20.
Each amino acid is different from the other due to....
a)
The R group
b)
The amino group
c)
The carboxyl group
d)
The central carbon
21.

Alpha helix and beta sheet are examples of what type of protein structure?

a)

Primary

b)

Secondary

c)

Tertiary

d)

Quaternary

22.
The diagram shows a bond forming between two amino acids. What is the name of this reaction?
a)
Dehydration Synthesis
b)
Hydrolysis
c)
Pepysis
d)
Oxidation
23.

Which colored box highlights the amino group?

a)

Blue (left)

b)

Turquoise (top)

c)

Orange

d)

Red

e)

Purple

24.
What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Tyrosine
c)
Leucine
d)
Stop codon
25.

Which of the following bonds is found in the secondary structure of a protein?

a)

Hydrogen

b)

Peptide

c)

Covalent

d)

Ionic

26.

Which of the following structures involves the R groups interacting in a single polypeptide?

a)

Primary

b)

Secondary

c)

Tertiary

d)

Quaternary

27.

Which accurately describes what occurs during the elongation stage of transcription?

a)

A completed polypeptide detaches from the ribosome

b)

RNA polymerase reads the DNA template and adds complementary nucleotides to the growing strand

c)

RNA polymerase binds to the promoter of a gene

d)

Introns are spliced from pre-mRNA

28.
The phospholipid bilayer comprises what part of the cell?
a)
cytoplasm
b)
cell membrane
c)
cytoskeleton
d)
nuclear membrane
29.

What are different examples of lipids?

a)

monosaccahrides, disaccharides, starch, cellulose

b)

dipetide, polypeptide, amino acids

c)

DNA, RNA, ATP

d)

triglycerides, waxes, phospholipds

30.
Which biomolecule is often stored in the body's tissues as energy?
a)
proteins
b)
carbohydrates
c)
lipids
d)
nucleic acids
31.
Provides long term energy and insulation,
a)
lipids
b)
carbohydrates
c)
nucleic acids
d)
proteins
32.
How many different amino acids are there?
a)
15
b)
20
c)
25
d)
30
33.
The diagram shows the structure of an amino acid. Which type of molecule is formed from amino acids?
a)
lipids
b)
proteins
c)
carbohydrates
d)
nucleic acids
34.
Each amino acid is different from the other due to....
a)
The R group
b)
The amino group
c)
The carboxyl group
d)
The central carbon
35.
What is a triglyceride?
a)
a glycerol joined to 3 fatty acids
b)
a glycogen joined to 2 fatty acids
c)
4-fused carbon rings
d)
long chains of hydrocarbons and an alcohol.
36.
Identify the element found in a protein that is not present in a carbohydrate
a)
Carbon
b)
Oxygen
c)
Hydrogen
d)
Nitrogen
37.
Saturated fats are _____ at room temperature.
a)
solids
b)
gases
c)
liquids
d)
non of the above
38.
Which of the following foods contains unsaturated fats?
a)
fish
b)
olive oil
c)
cheese
d)
eggs
39.

What is the monomer of Lipids?

a)

Monosaccharides

b)

Amino Acids

c)

Nucleotides

d)

Glycerol/Fatty Acids

40.

Monomers are....

a)

the smaller building blocks for biomolecules

b)

the complex components for biomolecules

c)

the finalizing step to building biomolecules

41.
In the phospholipid, the polar head is considered what type of structure?
a)
hydrophobic
b)
insoluble
c)
hydrophilic
42.
Unsaturated fats have _______________
a)
bent structure
b)
double bonds
c)
liqudity at room temperature
d)
all of the above
43.

What is the monomer that makes up triglycerides?

a)

Monosaccarides

b)

Fatty Acids

c)

Amino Acids

d)

Nucleotides

44.

What is the following molecule?

a)

triglyceride

b)

phospholipid

c)

steroid

d)

protein

45.

Which of the following is a main function of a lipid?

a)

source of quick energy

b)

stores energy, insulates us, and makes up the cell membrane

c)

transport substances in and out of the cell

d)

stores genetic information

46.

Which type of molecule is shown?

a)

saturated fatty acid

b)

unsaturated fatty acid

c)

cholesterol

d)

starch

47.

STARCH is

a)

monosaccharide

b)

disaccharide

c)

oligosaccharide

d)

polysaccharide

48.

Fructose is

a)

disaccharide

b)

polysaccharide

c)

monosaccharide

d)

oligosaccharide

49.

Glucose in fermentation gives

a)

ethers

b)

acids

c)

alcohols

d)

esters

50.

Cellulose is a

a)

monosaccharides

b)

polysaccharides

c)

disaccharides

d)

oligosaccharides

51.

glucose is

a)

oligosaccharides

b)

polysaccharides

c)

monosaccharides

d)

disaccharides

52.

Which of the following is an example of monosaccharides?

a)

maltose

b)

starch

c)

fructose

d)

lactose

53.

Disaccharide is made up of (a)   units of sugar.

54.

Lactose is also known as

a)

milk sugar

b)

table sugar

c)

malt sugar

d)

fruit sugar

55.

Source of dietary fiber

a)

whole grains

b)

milk

c)

option 1 and 4

d)

green leafy vegetables

56.

The characteristics visible in an organism, controlled by the genotype, e.g. a tall plant or a dwarf plant.

a)

Phenotype

b)

Genotype

c)

Homozygous

d)

Heterozygous

57.
Dominant alleles are represented by a(n)
a)
phenotype
b)
lower case letter
c)
upper case letter
d)
punnett square 
58.
What is the percentage of homozygous recessive offspring?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
59.
What percentage of the possible offspring will be hybrids?
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
75%
d)
100%
60.

In budgies, green (G) is dominant to blue (g). A homozygous green budgie is mated with a heterozygous budgie. What is the genotype ratio of the offspring?

a)

100% GG

b)

50% GG

50% Gg

c)

100% gg

d)

75% Gg

25% GG

61.

In a tomato plant, tall is dominant over short, and hairy stems is dominant over non-hairy stems. A pure breeding tall hairy stemmed plant is crossed with a short heterozygous hairy stem. What is the phenotype ratio of the offspring?

a)

75% Tall non-hairy

25% Short hairy

b)

50% Tall hairy

50% Short hairy

c)

50% Tall non-hairy

50% Short non-hairy

d)

100% Tall hairy

62.

A red flower and white flower mate to form a pink flowered offspring. This is an example of

a)

Dominant trait

b)

Recessive trait

c)

Codominance

d)

Incomplete dominance

63.

A woman with Type O blood and a man who is Type AB are expecting a child. What are the possible blood types of the child?

a)

A

b)

AB

c)

B

d)

O

64.

A round pea (WW) crosses with a wrinkled pea (ww).

The phenotype of the F1 generation is:

a)

100% round

b)

100% wrinkled

c)

50% round

50% wrinkled

d)

75% round

25% wrinkled

65.

Identify which type of sex-linked example this image represents.

a)

X-linked dominant

b)

X-linked recessive

c)

Y-linked

d)

sex-limited

66.

In guinea pigs, the smooth coat (S) is dominant over the rough coat (s). If an SS guinea pig is crossed with an ss guinea pig, what ratio of guinea pigs would you predict in the offspring?

a)

All offspring will be Ss and have smooth coats.

b)

75% will have smooth coats, and 25% will have rough coats.

c)

All offspring will be Ss and have rough coats.

d)

Half the offspring will be SS, and the other half will be ss.

67.

In a dihybrid cross involving pea plants heterozygous for two traits (RrYy x RrYy), how many of the offspring will be phenotypically green? Round (R) is dominant over wrinkled (r), and Yellow (Y) is dominant over green (y).

a)

12/16

b)

9/16

c)

4/16

d)

3/16

68.
In snapdragons, Tallness (T) is dominant to dwarfness (t). In a cross between two plants that are homozygous for the recessive allele, the percent of offspring expected to exhibit tallness is
a)
 25%
b)
 75%
c)
100%
d)
0%
69.

 

Genetic drift is change in the allele frequency of a population due to...

a)

random chance

b)

natural selection

c)

non-random mating (sexual selection)

d)

artificial selection

70.

 Genetic Drift is more likely to happen in... 

a)

aquatic populations

b)

small populations

c)

terrestrial populations

d)

older populations

71.

All of the genetic information found in a population

a)

population

b)

genetic drift

c)

evolution

d)

gene pool

72.

A change in a gene, group of genes or chromosome that results in a change in the proteins

a)

Replication

b)

Mutations

c)

Translation

d)

Transcription

73.

A mutation is defined as:

a)

A change in the cell's structure

b)

Anything that changes in an embryo

c)

Any change in the physical features of a human

d)

A change in the DNA sequence

74.

A forest fire ignites in the Sam Houston State Forest and kills many members of a population of pigmy rattlesnakes.

a)

Gene Flow

b)

Genetic Drift

75.

Select the best answer based on the image.

a)

Gene flow

b)

Genetic drift

76.

Maria Concepcion Soto settled in the northern area of Venezuela. She suffered from a rare genetic disorder called Huntington’s Disease. As a result, the now 20,000 individuals who live there also have a high risk of Huntington’s Disease.

a)

Gene flow

b)

Genetic Drift

77.

Genetic Diversity is increased through this process.

a)

Gene Flow

b)

Genetic Drift

78.

Select the best answer based on the image

a)

Gene flow

b)

Genetic drift

79.

A few deer wander out of their native woods into a completely new park where no deer had ever been before. They go on to create an entirely new population.

a)

Gene pool

b)

Founder effect

c)

bottleneck

d)

mutation

80.

 

What is natural selection?

a)

When reproduction occurs and mutations happen.

b)

When a offspring has the traits from its parents.

c)

When an organism is able to camoflauge in its environment.

d)

the process whereby organisms that are better adapted to their environment tend to survive and reproduce more offspring.

81.

Which ne of the following statements about natural selction is false?

a)

A selection pressure acts upon a population, increasing the difficulty of survival for certain individuals.

b)

For natural selection to occur, advantageous traits must be hereditary.

c)

Only small populations have low genetic diversity.

d)

Advantageous alleles increase genetic fitness.

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