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Semester 1 Review

Total questions: 74

Worksheet time: 1hrs 14mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What type of cell has a nucleus? 
a)
eukaryotic
b)
prokaryotic 
2.
Plants and animal cells are examples of ___ cells 
a)
prokaryotic cells 
b)
eukaryotic cells 
3.
Which is true of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
a)
Prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells.
b)
Eukaryotic cells do not have nuclei, and prokaryotic cells do have nuclei.
c)
Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, and eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles.
d)
Eukaryotic cells are simpler than prokaryotic cells.
4.

Which do BOTH prokaryotes and eukaryotes contain?

a)

nucleus

b)

mitochondria

c)

ribosomes

d)

cell wall

5.
All living things are made of...
a)
atoms 
b)
cells 
c)
bacteria 
d)
plants 
6.

Which type of cell developed first?

a)

Prokaryotic Cells

b)

Eukaryotic Cells

7.

Which cell type tends to be smaller?

a)

Prokaryote

b)

Eukaryote

c)

there is not a size difference

8.

Bacteria is an example of a(n)

a)

prokaryotic cell.

b)

eukaryotic cell.

9.

Which type of cells have DNA?

a)

Eukaryote

b)

Prokaryote

c)

Both

10.

____________ & _________________ are organelles that definitely arose from endosymbiosis.

a)

Nucleus and cell membrane

b)

Chloroplast and mitochondria

c)

Mitochondria and nucleus

d)

Cell wall and chloroplast

11.

What are evidence to support endosymbiotic theory?

a)

Mitochondria is found outside the cells

b)

Mitochondria and chloroplast can divide independently

c)

Mitochondria and chloroplast have their own cell membrane

d)

Mitochondria and chloroplast have their own genetic material

12.

Active transport requires

a)

osmosis

b)

energy

c)

a hypotonic solution

d)

a concentration gradient

13.

Movement of particles or molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is called

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Concentration gradient

c)

Diffusion

d)

Active Transport

14.

What type of transport is displayed here?

a)

Active Transport

b)

Facilitated Diffusion

c)

Simple Diffusion

15.

Which direction will water flow in across this semipermeable membrane? The purple molecules are solutes (like salt)

a)

Side A

b)

Side B

16.

What would happen if you gave a patient an IV of pure water?

a)

Nothing will happen to their red blood cells

b)

Their red blood cells would swell and burst

c)

Their red blood cells would shrink and shrivel

17.

Why does your body sweat when it gets hot and shivers when you get to cold?

a)

Maintain Life

b)

Maintain Diffusion

c)

Maintain Home

d)

Maintain Homeostasis

18.

Why is it bad to put salt on a snail?

a)

Death by osmosis, the water quickly leaves the cells of the snail

b)

Death by osmosis, the water enters the cells of the snail

c)

Death by salt, the salt enters the cells of the snail

d)

Death by salt, the salt leaves the cells of the snail

19.

Pick all that apply: Passive Transport

a)

Osmosis

b)

Simple Diffusion

c)

Doesn't require Energy

d)

Molecules move from low concentration to high concentration

20.

Why does Active Transport require Energy?

a)

because molecules are going from high concentration to low concentration

b)

because molecules are going from low concentration to high concentration

c)

because the cell wants to be a equilibrium

d)

because the cell needs to get water inside

21.

The process in which plants and some other organisms use the energy in sunlight to make food.

a)

photosynthesis

b)

cellular respiration

c)

osmosis

d)

diffusion

22.

The process that occurs when the chemical energy of "food" molecules, carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, is released and partially captured in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

a)

photosynthesis

b)

diffusion

c)

osmosisi

d)

cellular respiration

23.

The form of cell respiration that can take place in the absence of free oxygen.

a)

diffusion

b)

anaerobic

c)

aerobic

d)

osmosis

24.

The form of in cell respiration that requires free oxygen.

a)

aerobic

b)

anaerobic

c)

photosynthesis

d)

cellular respiration

25.

A complex organic chemical that provides energy to drive many processes in living cells, e.g. muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, chemical synthesis.

a)

fermentation

b)

chemical reaction

c)

sunlight

d)

ATP

26.

An organelle in plant and algae cells that converts energy from sunlight into chemical energy that the plant can use

a)

chlorophyll

b)

chloroplast

c)

mitochondria

d)

nucleus

27.

An organelle in eukaryotic cells that is the site of cellular respiration and generates most of the cell’s ATP

a)

chlorophyll

b)

chloroplast

c)

mitochondria

d)

nucleus

28.
The products of cellular respiration are
a)
carbon dioxide, water, energy
b)
oxygen and sugar (glucose)
29.
The products of photosynthesis are
a)
carbon dioxide, water, energy
b)
sugar (glucose), oxygen, water
30.
The reactants in photosynthesis are
a)
carbon dioxide, water
b)
sugar (glucose), oxygen
31.
The reactants in cellular respiration are
a)
sugar (glucose), oxygen
b)
carbon dioxide, water
32.
The green pigment in plants is called
a)
melanin
b)
chlorophyll
33.

How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related?

a)

They're not, they are completely different processes and neither the products nor reactants of either process are related

b)

Both require sunlight to take place

c)

The products of photosynthesis (C6H12O6 + O2) are the same as the reactants of cellular respiration. The products of cellular respiration (CO2 + H2O) are the same as the reactants of photosynthesis

d)

They both take place in animal cells

34.

Cells grow, carry out normal functions, and copy their organelles.

a)

G1

b)

S

c)

G2

d)

M phase

35.

Cells go through additional growth.

a)

G1

b)

S

c)

G2

d)

M phase

36.

Cells undergo cell division, which involves both mitosis and cytokinesis.

a)

G1

b)

S

c)

G2

d)

M phase

37.

Cells replicate DNA.

a)

G1

b)

S

c)

G2

d)

M phase

38.

Cells must pass through a critical checkpoint during which stages of the cell cycle?

a)

G1

b)

G2

c)

M phase

d)

All of these are correct.

39.

Where does DNA synthesis happen in eukaryotic cells?

a)

cytoplasm

b)

mitochondria

c)

nucleus

d)

Golgi apparatus

40.

The word “cycle” in cell cycle refers to the _____ of growth, DNA duplication, and cell division that occurs in eukaryotic cells.

a)

repetition

b)

randomness

c)

rapidness

d)

retention

41.

A(n) _____ is a stage in the eukaryotic cell cycle at which the cell examines internal and external cues and "decides" whether or not to move forward with division.

a)

checkpoint

b)

chromosome

c)

interphase

d)

tumor

42.

programmed cell death = _____

a)

apoptosis

b)

cancer

c)

spindle

d)

cytokinesis

43.

uncontrolled cell growth = _____

a)

apoptosis

b)

cancer

c)

spindle

d)

cytokinesis

44.
Which phase of the cell cycle is #1?
a)
Interphase
b)
Prophase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Metaphase
45.
Which phase of the cell cycle is #2?
a)
Interphase
b)
Prophase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Metaphase
46.
Which phase of the cell cycle is #3?
a)
Interphase
b)
Prophase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Metaphase
47.
Which phase of the cell cycle is #4?
a)
Interphase
b)
Prophase
c)
Telophase
d)
Metaphase
48.
Which phase of the cell cycle is #5?
a)
Interphase
b)
Prophase
c)
Telophase
d)
Metaphase
49.
What is the purpose of mitosis?
a)
To increase the surface area of a cell
b)
To allow cells to divide for growth, repair, and renewal
c)
For increasing genetic variation within a species
d)
To allow for DNA replication and protein synthesis
50.

What is the building block of the biomolecule, Nucleic Acid?

a)
b)
c)
d)
51.
What is occurring in this picture?
a)
Translation
b)
Replication
c)
Translocation
d)
Transcription
52.
If one strand of DNA has the sequence TTACCG, the sequence of the other strand of the same molecule will be
a)
AATGGC
b)
TTACCG
c)
AACGGC
d)
AATGGG
53.
What does mRNA do?
a)
provides information from DNA to ribosomes
b)
transfers amino acids to the ribosomes
c)
makes up ribosomes
d)
builds proteins
54.
Which phase of which process does this picture show?
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Replication
55.

What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code: 5'-AUGCCAGUAUGA-3'

a)
Met-Pro-Ala-Val
b)
Met-Pro-Val
c)
Tyr-Gly-His
d)
Tyr-Gly-Arg-His
56.
In mRNA, each codon specifies a particular 
a)
nucleotide
b)
amino acid
c)
purine
d)
pyrimidine
57.

Using the codon identify the amino acid sequence:
mRNA: 5'-AUG-CCA-GUA-GGG-UAA-3'

a)
MET-HIS-ALA-GLY-STOP
b)
MET-PRO-GLY-VAL-STOP
c)
MET-PRO-VAL-GLY-STOP
d)
MET-THR-SER-ASP-STOP
58.
What is the correct sequence?
a)
RNA --> DNA --> Protein
b)
Protein --> RNA --> DNA
c)
DNA --> RNA --> Protein
d)
DNA --> Protein --> RNA
59.

When these bond together, they form a protein

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Peptide Bonds

c)

Ribose

d)

Nucleotides

60.

These building blocks consist of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base.

a)

Ribose

b)

Nucleotide

c)

Gene

d)

Protein

61.
How does RNA differ from DNA?
a)
RNA contains uracil and deoxyribose
b)
RNA contains ribose and thymine
c)
RNA contains uracil and ribose
d)
RNA contains adenine and ribose
62.
How would the DNA sequence GCTATA be transcribed to mRNA?
a)
GCUAUA
b)
CGATAT
c)
CGAUAU
d)
GCUTUT
63.
Which shows the correct complementary base pairing for DNA?
a)
C-A, T-G
b)
A-G, C-T
c)
C-G, U-A
d)
T-A, G-C
64.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
65.
In DNA, Adenine pairs with ___________. 
a)
Guanine
b)
Cytosine
c)
Thymine
d)
Uracil
66.
DNA has a _____________ structure. 
a)
double helix
b)
single strand
c)
ring 
d)
chain
67.
The process to make another set of DNA to prepare for mitosis is
a)
transcription
b)
replication
c)
translation
d)
protein synthesis
68.
In RNA, Uracil pairs with ______. 
a)
cytosine
b)
adenine
c)
guanine
d)
thymine
69.
Which RNA molecule reads DNA's message to create protein in the cytoplasm? 
a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
none of the above
70.
DNA is found in ALL cells.
a)
True
b)
False
71.
The enzyme that breaks (unzips) the bond between the 2 strands of DNA is _______
a)
RNA Polymerase
b)
DNA Polymerase
c)
Nucleotides
d)
Helicase
72.

Which type of RNA bring carries the amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain?

a)

DNA

b)

mRNA

c)

tRNA

d)

rRNA

73.

If a specific kind of protein is not continually used by a cell, the gene for that protein is

a)

always transcribed

b)

never expressed

c)

turned on and off at different times

d)

not regulated

74.

The enzyme that adds the new nucleotides to the old ones is called _______

a)

RNA Polymerase

b)

DNA Polymerase

c)

Nucleotides

d)

Helicase

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