Worksheetshuman genetics
Total questions: 64
Worksheet time: 46mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
What disease is characterized by abnormally shaped red blood cells?
a)
hemophilia
b)
sickle cell anemia
c)
phenylketonuria
d)
Huntington's
2.
This karyotype is taken from a ___________.
a)
normal female
b)
normal male
c)
male with Klinefelter's syndrome
d)
female with Turner's syndrome
3.
Which disorder is characterized by the inability to break down a specific amino acid and can be treated by a special diet?
a)
Huntington's
b)
Tay Sachs
c)
Cystic fibrosis
d)
PKU
4.
Which genetic disorder is caused by a dominant allele?
a)
Huntington's
b)
Hemophilia
c)
Cystic fibrosis
d)
PKU
5.
This genetic disorder is inherited by a recessive allele found on the X chromosome.
a)
PKU
b)
Cystic fibrosis
c)
Down's syndrome
d)
Hemophilia
6.
This karyotype is taken from a ________.
a)
female with Turner's syndrome
b)
male with Down's syndrome
c)
female with Down's syndrome
d)
normal female
7.
Which genetic disorder is sex-linked?
a)
Huntington's
b)
cystic fibrosis
c)
red-green colorblindness
d)
sickle cell anemia
8.
This karyotype was taken from a ________.
a)
normal female
b)
female with Down's syndrome
c)
female with Turner's syndrome
d)
male with Turner's syndrome
9.
This karyotype was taken from a _________.
a)
male with Turner's syndrome
b)
male with Klinefelter's syndrome
c)
female with Klinefelter's syndrome
d)
male with Down's syndrome
10.
Which disorder is characterized by degradation of the nervous system and usually results in death during infancy?
a)
Tay-Sachs
b)
Cystic fibrosis
c)
Huntington's
d)
PKU
11.
A genetic disorder is an abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes?
a)
True
b)
False
12.
Some genetic disorders are caused by what?
a)
alleles
b)
Mutations in the DNA of genes
c)
Phenotype
d)
Genotype
13.
Other disorders are caused by changes in the overall structure or number of what?
a)
Alleles
b)
Genes
c)
Chromosomes
14.
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder in which the body produces abnormally thick ______ in the lungs and intestines?
a)
Skin
b)
Muscle
c)
Blood
d)
Mucus
15.
Cystic fibrosis is caused by a recessive allele on two chromosomes?
a)
True
b)
False
16.
What disease affects hemoglobin a protein in red blood cells that carry oxygen?
a)
Down Syndrome
b)
Cystic Fibrosis
c)
Sickle-Cell
d)
Hemophilia
17.
With Sickle-Cell when oxygen concentrations are low, the red blood cells people with this disease have unusual sickle shape?
a)
True
b)
False
18.
Sickle-Shaped red blood cells clog blood vessels and don't carry as much oxygen as normal cells?
a)
True
b)
False
19.
The allele for the sickle-cell trait is ________ with a normal allele?
a)
Codominant
b)
Dominant
c)
Recessive
d)
Hybrid
20.
What genetic disorder is when a person's blood clots very slowly or not at all?
a)
Down Syndrome
b)
Hemophilia
c)
Cystic Fibrosis
d)
Sickle-Cell
21.
Hemophilia is caused by a sex-linked allele on the X chromosome?
a)
True
b)
False
22.
Because hemophilia is a sex-linked disorder, it occurs more frequently in females than males?
a)
True
b)
False
23.
In what disorder does a person have an extra copy on its 21 chromosome?
a)
Down Syndrome
b)
Sickle-Cell
c)
Hemophilia
d)
Cystic Fibrosis
24.
Down Syndrome most often occurs when chromosomes fail to separate properly during meiosis?
a)
True
b)
False
25.
Down Syndrome is a trisomy?
a)
True
b)
False
26.
One important tool geneticists use to trace the inheritance of traits in humans is pedigrees?
a)
True
b)
False
27.
A _____ is a chart or family tree that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait.
a)
Punnett square
b)
Pedigree
c)
Karyotype
d)
History Check
28.
Years ago doctors had only punnett squares and pedigrees to help predict whether a child might have a genetic disorder?
a)
True
b)
False
29.
Today doctors use tools such as _____ to help diagnose genetic disorders?
a)
History Charts
b)
Tables
c)
Karyotypes
d)
Genes
30.
The doctors use karyotypes to examine the chromosomes. A karyotype is a picture of all the chromosomes in a cell.
a)
True
b)
False
31.
Huntington's disease
a)
has a deletion type mutation
b)
is an autosomal recessive disease
c)
has an earlier onset if the mutation is more severe
d)
result in memory problems
32.
The three stages of cell signalling are
a)
paracrine, local, and synaptic
b)
reception, transduction, and response
c)
transcription, translation, and folding
d)
alpha, beta, and gamma
33.
A signal molecule that binds to a plasma-membrane protein is a
a)
ligand
b)
second messenger
c)
protein kinase
d)
receptor protein
34.
What type of transmembrane receptor is being shown?
a)
G-protein receptor
b)
tyrosine kinase receptor
c)
gated ion channel
35.
Protein kinases activate other relay proteins by adding a(n) ____ to them.
a)
phosphate
b)
ATP molecule
c)
cAMP
d)
GTP
36.
What type of transmembrane receptor is being shown?
a)
gated ion channel
b)
G-protein receptor
c)
tyrosine kinase receptor
37.
What do second messengers do?
a)
transport a signal through the lipid bilayer
b)
relay a signal from the outside to the inside of the cell
c)
relay message from the inside of the mebrane throughout the cytoplasm
d)
dampen the message
38.
What determines whether a cell is a target cell for a particular signal molecule?
a)
phosphorylation cascade
b)
cAMP
c)
signal receptors
d)
phosphatase
39.
G proteins are a family of proteins involved in transmitting chemical signals originating from outside a cell into the inside of the cell. G proteins function as molecular switches.
Which of the following best describes the role in which the G protein is most intimately involved in the process shown above?
Which of the following best describes the role in which the G protein is most intimately involved in the process shown above?
a)
Production
of the ligand molecule.
b)
Reception
of the signal.
c)
Transduction of the signal.
d)
Production
of response to signal.
40.
Type of cell signaling where the ligand is released and will affect cells in its "neighborhood"
a)
autocrine signaling
b)
juxtracrine signaling
c)
paracrine signaling
d)
endocrine signaling
41.
Type of cell signaling where the ligand is produced at a location distant from its target cell(s)
a)
autocrine signaling
b)
juxtracrine signaling
c)
paracrine signaling
d)
endocrine signaling
42.
What is being depicted in the image?
a)
Amplification of the signal molecule
b)
Enzymatic proteins inhibiting process of the signal transduction pathway
c)
Kinase groups adding dimer groups to other enzymes
d)
Diffusion of molecules within the cell due to the signaling molecule
43.
Testosterone does not affect all cells of the body because __________.
a)
testosterone cannot cross the plasma membrane
b)
not all cells have cytoplasmic receptors for testosterone
c)
not all cells in the body have membrane receptors for testosterone
d)
it is a local regulator
e)
it affects only cells that have ion-channel receptors
44.
The general name for an enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from ATP to a protein is __________.
a)
protein dehydrogenase
b)
protein kinase
c)
protein phosphatase
d)
peptidase
e)
protein cyclase
45.
The source of phosphate for a phosphorylation cascade is __________.
a)
cAMP
b)
protein kinase
c)
GTP
d)
ATP
e)
protein phosphatase
46.
Receptors for signal molecules __________.
a)
all work via protein kinases
b)
are never found in the nucleus of a cell
c)
may be found embedded in the plasma membrane, or found within the cytoplasm or nucleus
d)
all work by opening ion channels
e)
are only found associated with the plasma membrane
47.
Which of the following statement is correct?
a)
Cell communicate with one another in multicellular organisms using extracellular signaling molecules or hormones
b)
Cell communicate with one another in unicellular organisms using extracellular signaling antigen and antibody
c)
Cell communicate with one another in multicellular organisms using intracellular signaling molecules only
d)
Cell communicate with one another in unicellular organisms using intracellular signaling antigen and antibody
48.
A cell is known to respond to a particular signaling molecule. Which of the following must be true of this cell?
a)
It is in the heart muscle
b)
it is also the site of production for the signaling molecule
c)
It contains the receptor for the signaling molecule
d)
It is incapable of signal transduction
49.
What is Apoptosis?
a)
Programmed cell death
b)
Inflammation of cell
c)
Phagocytosis
d)
Plasmolysis
50.
Why is apoptosis required?
a)
Glycolysis
b)
Cell division: Meiosis and mitosis
c)
Elimination of threats such as viruses and DNA damage
51.
The inherited combination of alleles is called the ______
a)
genotype
b)
phenotype
c)
chromosome
d)
DNA
52.
An organism's inherited appearance is called _______.
a)
genotype
b)
phenotype
c)
chromosome
d)
DNA
53.
Different forms of a single gene are called a(n) _________.
a)
gene
b)
chromosome
c)
allele
d)
genotype
54.
Purple flowers are dominant to white flowers. What would the phenotype for a flower with genotype pp be?
a)
purple
b)
white
c)
pink
d)
yellow
55.
Purple flowers are dominant to white flowers. What would the phenotype for a flower with genotype Pp be?
a)
purple
b)
white
c)
pink
d)
yellow
56.
Purple flowers are dominant to white flowers. What would the phenotype for a flower with genotype PP be?
a)
purple
b)
white
c)
pink
d)
yellow
57.
A trait that is apparent only when two recessive alleles for the same characteristic are inherited is called
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
c)
homozygous
d)
heterozygous
58.
If a gene has dissimilar pairs of alelles for any hereditary characteristic it is called
a)
homozygous
b)
heterozygous
c)
codominant
d)
dominant
59.
TRUE OR FALSE: A coiled structure of DNA and protein that forms in the cell nucleus during cell division is called a chromosome.
a)
True
b)
False
60.
TRUE OR FALSE: If at least one allele is a capital letter in the pair of genes, the recessive trait will be dominant.
a)
True
b)
False
61.
TRUE OR FALSE: Segments of DNA that carry hereditary instructions and are passed from parent to offspring and are located on the chromosomes are called alleles.
a)
True
b)
False
62.
TRUE OR FALSE: A genotype of NN would be heterozygous.
a)
True
b)
False
63.
TRUE OR FALSE: A genotype of mm would be homozygous recessive.
a)
True
b)
False
64.
TRUE OR FALSE: A genotype of Ss would be heterozygous.
a)
True
b)
False
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