The diagram below shows what happens when light energy strikes the surface of a colored glass plate.  Which light ray is refracted?

The diagram below shows what happens when light energy strikes the surface of a colored glass plate. Which light ray is transmitted and reflected?

The diagram below shows what happens when light energy strikes the surface of a colored glass plate.  Which light ray is absorbed and reflected

The diagram below shows what happens when light energy strikes the surface of a colored glass plate. Which light ray is reflected?

Which of the following waves require a medium?

The ____ of waves can change when the waves move from one medium to another.

Waves can ____ when they move from one medium to another.

In a mechanical wave, like those in an earthquake, amplitude is related to the amount of energy the wave carries.  Waves with high amplitude carry a lot of energy.  The diagram below shows a series of waves.  Which wave would cause the biggest earthquake?

Heather puts a straw into a glass of water.  She notices that the straw appears to be broken when she looks through the glass and the water from the side.  Which term BEST explains why the straw looks like it is broken?

In which of these situations would light slow down?

In the diagram below, what wave property is being identified by the letter A

Caleb counts the number of waves that pass a given point in certain amount of time on the beach.  Which property of waves does Caleb measure?

Which statement is true regarding mechanical and electromagnetic waves?

The medium through which a mechanical wave passes can be a solid, a liquid, or a gas. Properties of a wave might change when it moves from one medium to another. What happens to the speed of mechanical wave when it moves from a gas to a solid?

The diagram below represents the electromagnetic spectrum.  What is the relationship between frequency and wavelength for electromagnetic waves?

Electromagnetic radiation is energy that travels in waves. Some examples of electromagnetic radiation are visible light, radio waves and x-rays.  Which statement is TRUE for all forms of electromagnetic radiation?

Great amounts of electromagnetic energy from our sun and other bodies in space travel through space. Which is a logical conclusion about these electromagnetic waves?

Four examples of electromagnetic waves are microwaves, radio waves, infrared waves, and visible light waves.  Which of these waves has the MOST energy?

An image of a distant object caused by refraction of light is called a ______

The bending of light rays as they enter a new medium is called _____

How does the Sun transfer energy to Earth?

In which medium does sound travel the fastest?

Visible light has a higher frequency than _____

All of the following affect the speed of sound through different substances EXCEPT

Energy flows as heat when there is a difference in temperature between two objects or mediums.  The greater the difference, the faster the energy will flow.  Energy will flow from an area of higher temperature to an area of lower temperature. Joe is swimming in the cool water of his swimming pool on a hot summer day. Read the following examples and choose the statement with the correct direction of energy flow.

Energy flows as heat when there is a difference in temperature between two objects or mediums.  The greater the difference, the faster the energy will flow.  Energy will flow from an area of higher temperature to an area of lower temperature.Which of the following describes the flow of thermal energy that occurs as a student holds a piece of ice in her hand.

Which direction would the heat flow between these two objects? Ice cube and water

What can cause a change of state in a system?

A series of energy transformation must occur before food, such as corn, can provide you with the energy you need to ride your bike. Reactions occur within the sun to transform nuclear energy into electromagnetic energy.  Plants transform electromagnetic energy into chemical energy when they produce food, such as corn.  Your body transforms chemical energy into _______ energy when you ride your bike. Which form of energy best completes the previous sentence?

The Law of Conservation of Energy states that "Energy cannot be created nor destroyed but can change form" An example of this would be the conversation of potential energy to kinetic energy as an object falls to the ground. Skate boarders use this conversation of potential energy to kinetic energy to travel from one side of a half pipe to another. A half pipe is a U-shaped structure which skate boarders ride from one side to the other. If a skate boarder started from the top of a half pipe that was 3 meters from the ground, he would get to the other side but never to the very top.  How can this be explained?

Whenever energy is transferred _____

In the diagram below, energy is being converted from one form to another and some energy is being transformed into unusable heat energy. What energy conversions are taking place?

Heat is the transfer of _____

David ate a cheeseburger at lunch. What kind of energy was in his cheeseburger?

Which is an example of evidence that energy is neither created nor lost during a transformation?

What happens when heat is added to gas in a sealed container?

What can happen when enough heat is added to or removed from a system?

The law of conservation of energy states that when one form of energy is transformed to another, __________,

In a hydroelectric plant the mechanical energy is moving water is transformed into ________

Which statement describes the direction of heat flow?

The measure of the average kinetic energy of the individual particles in an object is called?

The total energy of all the particles in a substance is called _________

On a sunny day, you return to your car after a ball game and the inside of the car is very hot.  How did the car get so warm?

As a car skids to a stop, friction transforms energy to _____.

Water bubbles through a hot spring at Yellowstone National Park.  What method of heat transfer is this?

Heat is transferred from one particle of matter to another within an object or between two objects in a process called _____

A solid, such as a popsicle, has a definite shape and definite volume. If you add heat to the Popsicle by leaving it in the sun, what happens to it?

Heated air moves from a space heater to the rest of a room in a process called _________

Which of the following statement is TRUE?

One way to reduce bias in an experiment is to

Which is an example of using ethics in experiments?

Observations that deal with descriptions that cannot be expressed in numbers is called _________

Joe decides that cereal is the best breakfast because he thinks cereal tastes better than other breakfast foods. Joe is being ___________

Jacquelyn conducted an experiment to find out what happens to the temperature of water after it starts boiling. She measured the temperature of the water every 30 seconds during the experiment. She wants to graph her data.  If she puts temperature on the y-axis, what variable belongs on the x - axis?

A scientist conducts an experiment to test a hypothesis. During the experiment, the scientist takes careful notes of the procedures followed and the results obtained. After the scientist completes the experiment, she shares this information with others who work at the same laboratory. Why is it important for a scientist to keep accurate records of the procedure and results of an experiment?

Scientist conduct multiple trials on their experiments because ______

Botanists study plants. Chemists study matter and its interactions. Volcanologists study volcanoes. What similarity exists among scientists working in these fields?

A factor in an experiment that stays the same to make the experiment reliable is ______________

Joaquin wants to learn about the effect different amounts of sunlight have on plants. He sets up tables with eight different plants. Every part of his experiment should be the same except the variable he is testing.  What is the variable?

Scientists should _____ new ideas that they may not agree with.

When scientists create a representation of a complex process, they are ___________

Current scientific knowledge holds that dinosaurs went extinct about 65 million years ago. Suppose a paleontologist discovers a bone from a previously unknown dinosaur species. Repeated tests and radioactive dating show that this bone is only 35 million years old. How is the discovery likely to impact current theories about dinosaur extinction?

What happens when similar investigation give different results?

_______can save time and money by testing ideas that would otherwise be difficult to test quickly or easily.

What are some tools used to collect and analyze scientific data?

Why is the International System of Units important to science?

The metric basic unit of measure for the volume of liquid is ________

The metric basic unit of measurement for mass is _____

The metric basic unit of measurement for length is ______

Eugene wanted to determine how much volume of water was in the bowl. In order to determine the volume, what tool did he need to use?

Before starting a science activity, you should always ________

Why is it important to obey safety rules?

Hibiscus plants are flowering plants that thrive in Florida but are not known to survive where temperatures drop below freezing. The table below shows the average low temperatures in degrees Celsius of cities where Hibiscus plants are grown. Three of these cites have below freezing temperatures. How should a scientist react to this information?

Sheila surveyed two eighth-grade classes to determine whether eighth-grade students like pizza, hamburgers, or tacos best. Her results are shown in the table below. What should Shelia do to ensure her results are reliable?

Which of the following is a good way to analyze data?

You are investigating whether robins prefer one type of bird seed over any other type. Your independent variable is the type of bird seed used. What should your dependent variable be?

Scientific knowledge changes with ___________

A well tested explanation for a wide range of observations or experimental results is called a scientific ________

A statement that describes what scientists expect to happen every time under a particular set of  conditions is a __________

Which of the following is an example of using a model?

Which of the following statements best describes a scientific law?

Why is it useful for scientists to develop models for the structure of atoms?

Nearly 2000 years ago the astronomer, Ptolemy, believed that all objects in space, including the Sun, revolved around Earth. 500 years ago, Nicolaus Copernicus made observations showing that Earth and other planets revolved around the Sun, which refuted Ptolemy's argument. This is an example of how scientific knowledge _________________

Which would be the most appropriate tool for modeling a complex system?

Which of the following is an example of empirical evidence?

Rachel Carson caused controversy with her research about the harmful effects of the pesticide DDT. Which group MOST LIKELY would have disagreed with her findings?

The statement, "Moonlight is caused by the Moon reflecting sunlight" is an example of a(n) ________

Asking the question, "Why does bread left on the kitchen counter eventually mold?" is an example of __________.

Which of the following is NOT a way to gain scientific knowledge?

Use this paragraph to match each part of the experiment with the part of the scientific method that it describes. Jamie wants to find the quickest way to school. She believes that crossing the field will get her there faster. She plans 3 different routes and walks each route three times. She leaves her house at the same time each day and times herself with stopwatch. She completes a table showing the routes and times it took to walk the routes and then she graphed the data. She discovers that the route across the field was the quickest way to go.

"She walks each route 3 times."

Use this paragraph to match each part of the experiment with the part of the scientific method that it describes. Jamie wants to find the quickest way to school. She believes that crossing the field will get her there faster. She plans 3 different routes and walks each route three times. She leaves her house at the same time each day and times herself with stopwatch. She completes a table showing the routes and times it took t walk the routes and then she graphed the data. She discovers that the route across the field was the quickest way to go.

"She created a graph of the data."

Use this paragraph to match each part of the experiment with the part of the scientific method that it describes. Jamie wants to find the quickest way to school. She believes that crossing the field will get her there faster. She plans 3 different routes and walks each route three times. She leaves her house at the same time each day and times herself with stopwatch. She completes a table showing the routes and times it took t walk the routes and then she graphed the data. She discovers that the route across the field was the quickest way to go.

"Jamie wants to find the quickest way to school."

Use this paragraph to match each part of the experiment with the part of the scientific method that it describes. Jamie wants to find the quickest way to school. She believes that crossing the field will get her there faster. She plans 3 different routes and walks each route three times. She leaves her house at the same time each day and times herself with stopwatch. She completes a table showing the routes and times it took t walk the routes and then she graphed the data. She discovers that the route across the field was the quickest way to go.

"She leaves the house at the same time each day."

Use this paragraph to match each part of the experiment with the part of the scientific method that it describes. Jamie wants to find the quickest way to school. She believes that crossing the field will get her there faster. She plans 3 different routes and walks each route three times. She leaves her house at the same time each day and times herself with stopwatch. She completes a table showing the routes and times it took t walk the routes and then she graphed the data. She discovers that the route across the field was the quickest way to go.

"She believes that crossing the field will get her there faster."

Use the paragraph to match the following terms with the parts of John's trip to the park. John is taking a trip to the park with his school. The class stops at the weather station and sees that the temperature is 52 degrees F and 1 centimeter of rain has fallen that week. John notices a red snake sunning itself on a rock. He thinks the snake must be trying to increase its body temperature because it is so cold out and that the snake  will be there again tomorrow since the temperature is supposed to be the same. As he is walking on the nature trail, he collects many types of leaves to sort by shape when her returns to the classroom.

"He thinks the snake is trying to increase its body temperature."

Use the paragraph to match the following terms with the parts of John's trip to the park. John is taking a trip to the park with his school. The class stops at the weather station and sees that the temperature is 52 degrees F and 1 centimeter of rain has fallen that week. John notices a red snake sunning itself on a rock. He thinks the snake must be trying to increase its body temperature because it is so cold out and that the snake  will be there again tomorrow since the temperature is supposed to be the same. As he is waling on the nature trail, he collects many types of leaves to sort by shape when her returns to the classroom.

"John sees a red snake sunning itself on a rock."

Use the paragraph to match the following terms with the parts of John's trip to the park. John is taking a trip to the park with his school. The class stops at the weather station and sees that the temperature is 52 degrees F and 1 centimeter of rain has fallen that week. John notices a red snake sunning itself on a rock. He thinks the snake must be trying to increase its body temperature because it is so cold out and that the snake  will be there again tomorrow since the temperature is supposed to be the same. As he is waling on the nature trail, he collects many types of leaves to sort by shape when her returns to the classroom.

"He will sort the leaves by their shape."

Use the paragraph to match the following terms with the parts of John's trip to the park. John is taking a trip to the park with his school. The class stops at the weather station and sees that the temperature is 52 degrees F and 1 centimeter of rain has fallen that week. John notices a red snake sunning itself on a rock. He thinks the snake must be trying to increase its body temperature because it is so cold out and that the snake  will be there again tomorrow since the temperature is supposed to be the same. As he is waling on the nature trail, he collects many types of leaves to sort by shape when her returns to the classroom.

"The temperature is 52 degrees."

Use the paragraph to match the following terms with the parts of John's trip to the park. John is taking a trip to the park with his school. The class stops at the weather station and sees that the temperature is 52 degrees F and 1 centimeter of rain has fallen that week. John notices a red snake sunning itself on a rock. He thinks the snake must be trying to increase its body temperature because it is so cold out and that the snake  will be there again tomorrow since the temperature is supposed to be the same. As he is waling on the nature trail, he collects many types of leaves to sort by shape when her returns to the classroom.

"He thinks the snake will be sunning itself on the rock tomorrow."