WorksheetsHydrology Unit Pre-Assessment
Total questions: 65
Worksheet time: 2hrs 6mins
What percentage of Earth is covered with water?
80%
60%
71%
70%
What percentage of the water on Earth is fresh water?
97%
3%
1%
2%
What percentage of the water on Earth is salt water?
97%
80%
60%
95%
What percentage of freshwater sources is trapped in glaciers/icecaps?
86.7%
78.7%
58.7%
68.7%
What percentage of freshwater sources is trapped underground?
31.1%
30.1%
32.1%
68.7%
What percentage of freshwater resources are we able to use for consumption?
1%
3%
All of it
less than 1%
At what stage do we gain energy and at what stage do we lose energy?
Gain:Evaporation Lose:Precipitation
Gain:Precipitation Lose:Condensation
Gain:Condensation Lose:Precipitation
Gain:Evaporation Lose:Condensation
Explain at least 5 stages of the water cycle.
Evaporation, Condensation, Precipitation, Infiltration
Evaporation, Condensation, Precipitation, Transpiration
Evaporation, Condensation, Precipitation
Evaporation, Condensation, Precipitation, Infiltration, Transpiration
Ways to conserve energy
Turn off the tap while brushing teeth
Fix your leaks
Cut your showers short
All of the above
What are the two abundant elements found in ocean water?
Chloride and Sodium
Oxygen and Nitrogen
Oxygen and Sodium
Nitrogen and Chloride
Describe what happens as you descend through the water column
Everything decrease except temperature increases
Everything increases except density decreases
Everything decreases except temperature increases
Everything increases except temperature decreases
Name two factors that increase salinity
Evaporation and freezing
Near the mouth of river and freezing
Condensation and Precipitation
Evaporation and melting
Name two factors that decrease the salinity level
Near the surface and at the equator
Near the surface and at the poles
At the surface and at the poles
At the surface and at the equator
What causes tides to occur?
Inertia
Interaction of the Earth Sun and Moon
Evaporation
Condensation
What creates a tidal bulge?
Interaction with Sun, Moon, and Earth
Interaction with Sun and Moon
Interaction with Moon and Earth
Interaction with Moon, Sun, and the oceans
Explain how convection currents allow ocean surface currents to flow around the globe.
Warm water rises, cool water sinks
Warm water rises, warm water sinks
Cool water rises, cool water sinks
Cool water rises, cool water sinks
What is the difference between in the movement of both surface and deep ocean currents?
Surface: Wind
Deep Ocean: Temperature and density
Surface: Wind
Deep Ocean: Temperature and salinity
Surface: Wind
Deep Ocean: Temperature and pressure
Surface: Wind
Deep Ocean: Temperature
What source of energy below is the most important in driving the water cycle?
Geothermal energy changes water to steam so condensation can occur
Sunlight heats up Earth's surface water creating the process of evaporation
Wind helps change surface water into water vapor during the process of evaporation
Gravity is necessary to pull water downhill when it rains thus allowing water to flow into rivers and streams
A student takes a bottle of cold water from the refrigerator and leaves it on the counter. Ten minutes later, the student noticed there is now water on the outside of the bottle. What scientific phenomenon explains the water on the outside of the bottle?
Condensation because the temperature of the air nearest the bottle increased causing water droplets to form
Condensation because the temperature of the air nearest the bottle decreased causing the water droplets to form
Evaporation because the temperature of the air nearest the bottle increased causing the water droplets to form
Evaporation because the temperature of the air nearest he bottle decreased causing the water droplets to form
Lab partners are designing an experiment that shows the important steps of the water cycle. For their experimental design, which of the following procedures could best be used to demonstrate the difference between condensation and evaporation?
To show condensation- increase the temperature within the cycle; to show evaporation-decrease the temperature
To show condensation- decrease the temperature within the cycle; to show evaporation- increase the temperature
To show condensation- maintain a constant temperature within the cycle; to show evaporation- increase the temperature
To show condensation- maintain a constant temperature within the cycle; to show evaporation-decrease the temperature
Refer to the diagram below of a student's lab setup of the water cycle. In this experiment, the total amount of water inside the container is measured at the beginning and then again after a full cycle has occurred.
Which of the following best predicts the outcome of the experiment and explains why?
The beginning amount of water in the container would be less than the ending amount of water in the container because the water evaporated, decreasing the water level.
The beginning amount of water in the container would be more than ending amount of water in the container because the process of condensation increases the water level.
The beginning and ending amounts of water in the container would be equal because the water that was evaporated increased the water level but then came back as precipitation which decreased the water level again
The beginning and ending amounts of water in the container would be equal because the water that was evaporated decreased the water level but then came back as precipitation which increased the water level again.
Which of the following questions can best be answered by the data presented in the chart.
What are the types of sea water?
How does sea water differ from fresh water?
Which "other" elements make up sea water?
Which two salt elements are the most abundant in seawater?
Use the diagram above to answer the question.
Which of the following questions can BEST be answered by the data presented in the graph above?
Is there a direct relationship between the density and salinity of ocean water?
Is there an indirect relationship between the density and salinity of ocean water?
Does the density of ocean water increase over time?
Does the salinity of ocean water increase over time?
A student was studying the ocean floor topography and began to question how pressure and temperature would differ at each feature.
What conclusions can she draw about ocean floor features F and G?
Feature F is an ocean trench while Feature G is a continental shelf, which has more pressure than the ocean trench because there are more water molecules above it and a lower temperature because the sun cannot penetrate its deep waters to warm it.
Feature F is a continental shelf while Feature G is a deep ocean trench, which has more pressure than the continental shelf because there are more water molecules above it and a lower temperature because the sun cannot penetrate its deep waters to warm it.
Feature F is an abyssal plain, while Feature G is a mid-ocean ridge, which has more pressure than the ocean trench because there are more water molecules above it and a lower temperature because the sun cannot penetrate its deep waters to warm it.
Feature F is a mid-ocean ridge, while Feature G is an abyssal plain, which has more pressure than the continental shelf because there are more water molecules above it and a lower temperature because the sun cannot penetrate its deep waters to warm it.
Which factor Mostly causes waves?
The wind
The moon
Earthquakes
The Coriolis Effect
The diagram illustrates two types of currents are found in ocean waters.
Which of the following is the BEST explanation for why oceans have two types of currents?
Surface currents are caused by wind whereas deep currents are caused by differences in density.
Surface currents are caused by differences in density whereas deep currents are caused by wind.
Surface currents are caused by temperature differences whereas deep currents are caused by changes in salinity.
Surface currents are caused by changes in salinity whereas deep currents are caused by changes in temperature
High and low tides occur twice daily at regular intervals.
Using the diagram, which of the following letters indicates where high tide is occurring and best explains why?
Letters B and D indicate high tides, where the tidal bulges would occur because of the Coriolis Effect.
Letters A and B indicate high tides, where the tidal bulges would occur because of the strong winds blowing across the oceans.
Letters C and D indicate high tides, where the tidal bulges would occur because of the gravitational pull between the Earth and the moon
Letters A and C indicate high tides, where the tidal bulges would occur because of the gravitational pull of the moon.
The graph shows the distribution of water on Earth's surface.
What can be concluded from the image?
Most of the freshwater on Earth is found in oceans
Most of the water available on Earth is not drinkable
Most of the water available on Earth is drinkable
Most of the freshwater on Earth is found as groundwater
Where does most of the water evaporation on Earth come from?
Transpiring plants
Rivers
Oceans
Surface Lakes
Which part of the ocean would have the lowest salinity?
In areas near melting glaciers
In areas where there is little rainfall
In areas near the equator
In areas with the highest temperatures
Where is most of the Earth's freshwater located?
In the ocean
In icecaps and glaciers
In rivers and streams
In aquifers
Why are water conservation and pollution control important for future generations?
Waste and pollution will lead to less rainfall over land.
Waste will lead to less water in the oceans, rivers, and lakes.
Pollution will cause an increase in tourism in beach communities.
Pollution and waste will lead to a shortage of clean water for human use.
Which of the following characteristics alters the density of ocean water?
Temperature and wave speed
Salinity and Temperature
Wave speed and wave size
Wave size and salinity
What is the continuous chain of underwater mountains, formed by a divergent boundary?
continental shelf
continental slope
abyssal plain
mid-ocean ridge
What makes the currents in the Northern Hemisphere CURVE to the right?
longshore drift
density
Coriolis Effect
moon's gravity
How does a straight alignment between Earth, the sun, and the moon impact the tides on Earth?
It produces the greatest changes in tidal range
It produces neap tides
It produces the least change in tidal range
It produces diurnal tides
If the first HIGH tide of the day occurs at 1:00AM, when will the next HIGH tide occur?
7:00am
1:00pm
7:00pm
1:00am the next day
How can upwellings improve fishing for ocean fishermen?
They cause the ocean water to get warmer.
They cause the ocean currents to remain calm.
They bring nutrients from the cold deep ocean waters.
They bring ocean currents from the equator.
