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Molecular DNA

Total questions: 72

Worksheet time: 6hrs 0mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What mutation has occurred here?

T-G-A-C-C-A

T-G-A-G-C-A

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Frameshift

2.

Which of the following would result in a frameshift mutation?

a)

Insertions only

b)

Substitution only

c)

Deletion only

d)

Insertions and Deletions

3.

A mutation is defined as:

a)

A change in the cell's structure

b)

Anything that changes in an embryo

c)

Any change in the physical features of a human

d)

A change in the DNA sequence

4.

ATTTGAGCC- Original

ATTGAGCC - Mutated

The example above is an example of a

a)

Insertion- Frameshift

b)

Deletion- Substitution

c)

Deletion -Frameshift

d)

All of the above

5.

What mutation has occurred here?

T-G-A-C-C-A

T-G-A-G-C-A

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Frameshift

6.

Why are insertion and deletion (frameshift) mutations so harmful?

a)

They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence

b)

They insert things that an organism doesn't need.

c)

They often delete things that organisms need.

d)

Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.

7.

Identify the DELETION mutation form the following:

ATG CCA AAT

a)

ATG TCA AAT

b)

ATG CCT AAA T

c)

ATC CA AT

d)

ATG CCA AAT

8.

Which mutation will cause translation to stop?

a)

Mutations 1 and 3 only

b)

Mutation 1 only

c)

Mutation 2 only

d)

Muations 1, 2, 3

9.

Which type of mutation does the model demonstrate?

a)

Deletion

b)

Substitution

c)

Insertion

d)

Translocation

10.

mutations are

a)

planned

b)

only a good

c)

only bade

d)

random

11.

What causes mutation?

a)

point

b)

mutagens

c)

polypoidy

d)

frameshift

12.

What type of mutation happens to just one base.

a)

Chromosome mutation

b)

Point mutation

c)

DNA mutation

d)

Deletion mutation

13.

What is it called when a mutation has no effect on the amino acid sequence in the final polypeptide?

a)

Substitution mutation

b)

No mutation

c)

Silent mutation

d)

Replication mutation

14.

What is a mutation?

a)

A change in a chromosomal region.

b)

A negative change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA.

c)

A change in one base pair in DNA.

d)

Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA.

15.

What does a nonsense mutation do?

a)

Changes one amino acid to a stop codon.

b)

Changes one amino acid to a different amino acid.

c)

Changes one amino acid to a start codon.

d)

It does not change the amino acids.

16.

What does a missense mutation do?

a)

Changes one amino acid to a stop codon.

b)

Changes one amino acid to a different amino acid.

c)

Changes one amino acid to a start codon.

d)

It does not change the amino acids.

17.

What type of gene mutation has occurred here? Normal-

AGA-TTC-ATA-GCG

Mutant-

AGA-TTC-AAT-AGC-G

a)

Deletion (causing a frameshift)

b)

Insertion (causing a frameshift)

c)

Substitution

d)

Nonsense

18.
If you are missing or have an extra base  at the end of your mutated DNA . What type of mutation occurred?
a)
Substitution
b)
Frameshift
c)
Duplication 
d)
Insertion
19.
A type of substitution in which no  amino acids change is called 
a)
Missense
b)
Nonsense
c)
Silent
d)
Deletion
20.
Are all mutations bad?
a)
Yes
b)
No
21.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
22.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
23.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
24.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
25.
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
a)
sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base
b)
sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base
c)
sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
d)
sugar, phosphate, protein
26.
Cytosine always pairs with
a)
Adenine
b)
Thymine
c)
Uracil
d)
Guanine
27.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
ribosome
d)
nucleus
28.
A monomer of DNA is called a(n)
a)
Monosaccharide
b)
Amino Acid
c)
Triglyceride
d)
Nucleotide
29.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
30.
What are the 4 nitrogen bases?
a)
adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine
b)
adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
c)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
d)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose
31.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
32.
DNA codes for...
a)
cholesterol
b)
proteins
c)
fatty acids
d)
a sandwich
33.
A five-carbon sugar found in DNA.
a)
ribose
b)
guanine
c)
deoxyribose
d)
helicase
34.

What is the name of the molecule that "unzips" DNA?

a)

Promoter Enzyme

b)

DNA Helicase

c)

DNA Ligase

d)

DNA Polymerase

35.

Which enzyme is responsible for "glueing" the segment of DNA together

a)

DNA Helicase

b)

DNA Polymerase

c)

DNA Ligase

d)

Promoter Enzyme

36.

The fragments on the lagging strand that are made up of repeating segments of DNA and RNA Primers

a)

okazaki fragments

b)

Primase

c)

Polymerase

d)

unused DNA

37.

DNA replication results in

a)

2 completely new DNA molecules

b)

2 DNA molecules that each contain a strand of the original

c)

1 new DNA molecule and 1 old

d)

1 new molecule of DNA

38.
Okazaki fragments form on the:
a)
lagging strand
b)
leading strand
c)
base-pairs
d)
5' end
39.
Which of the following is required for DNA replication to occur?
a)
DNA helicase
b)
DNA ligase
c)
DNA polymerase
d)
all of these
40.
During replication, what enzyme adds complimentary bases?
a)
helicase
b)
synthesase
c)
ligase
d)
polymerase
41.
What strand is copied faster?
a)
Leading
b)
Lagging
42.

C is the

a)

leading strand

b)

lagging strand

c)

parent strand

d)

none of these

43.

This structure is an Okazaki fragment.

a)

M

b)

T

c)

P

d)

R

44.

What is letter S?

a)

DNA Ligase

b)

DNA Helicase

c)

DNA Synthase

d)

DNA Polymerase

45.

During protein synthesis, an RNA strand is transcribed from one strand of DNA (GCG TTA CCT) What is the complementary RNA strand?

a)

CGC UUT CCT

b)

CGC AAU GGA

c)

GCG UUA CCU

d)

CGC AAT GGA

46.

Where does Transcription take place?

a)

Inside the nucleus

b)

Inside the cytoplasm

c)

Inside the Ribosome

d)

Inside the Rough ER

47.

What happens to the mRNA sequence after it has been synthesized?

a)

stays in the nucleus

b)

leaves the cell

c)

leaves the nucleus

d)

separates into smaller pieces

48.

Which enzyme creates the new mRNA polyer by adding the complementary free RNA nucleotides?

a)

RNA polymerase

b)

DNA polymerase

c)

Exonuclease

d)

DNA Helicase

49.

Select which nitrogenous bases can be found in RNA. (Select all that apply)

a)

Adenine

b)

Thymine

c)

Uracil

d)

Cytosine

e)

Guanine

50.

What is the monomer of RNA?

a)

Nucleotides

b)

Amino Acids

c)

Monosaccharides

d)

Fatty Acids & Glycerol

51.

DNA is confined to the nucleus.

a)

True

b)

False

52.

Which type of RNA is synthesized during transcription?

a)

messenger RNA (mRNA)

b)

transfer RNA (tRNA)

c)

ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

d)

small nuclear RNA (snRNA)

53.

Which of the following is removed during RNA editing?

a)

Introns

b)

DNA

c)

Exons

d)

mRNA

54.

Which of the following is a way that RNA is different than DNA?

a)

contains guanine

b)

is single stranded

c)

composed of nucleotides

d)

contains adenine

55.
_______ is made during transcription and ________ is made during translation.
a)
mRNA / a protein
b)
a protein / mRNA
c)
Ribosome / Nucleus
d)
mRNA / tRNA
56.
A triplet (3 bases)  of mRNA is called a
a)
codon
b)
anticodon
c)
amino acid
d)
peptide bond
57.
What amino acid is represented by the codon CAG?
a)
Aspartic Acid
b)
Histidine
c)
Glutamine
d)
Methionine
58.
How many amino acids are coded for by this sequence of nucleotides:
ATG GGA  ACT
a)
4
b)
3
c)
6
d)
2
59.
Translation happens in the - 
a)
Nucleus
b)
Ribosome
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
60.
tRNA is involved in
a)
carrying amino acids 
b)
carrying ribosomes
c)
carrying glucose
d)
carrying lipids
61.
Amino acids are joined together in order to form
a)
DNA
b)
ribosomes
c)
proteins 
d)
RNA
62.
What is the correct sequence?
a)
RNA --> DNA --> Protein
b)
Protein --> RNA --> DNA
c)
DNA --> RNA --> Protein
d)
DNA --> Protein --> RNA
63.

. What are the building blocks of proteins called?

a)

nucleotides

b)

proteins

c)

amino acids

d)

carbohydrates

64.
In comparison to a DNA strand, a 
a)
mRNA strand is shorter and single stranded
b)
mRNA strand is longer and single stranded
c)
mRNA strand is shorter and double stranded
d)
mRNA strand is longer and double stranded
65.
What is a peptide bond?
a)
Bond that holds two amino acids together.
b)
A bond that holds hydrogen and oxygen molecules together.
c)
A bond that holds the phosphate group of one nucleotide and a sugar of a neighboring nucleotide.
d)
A bond that is formed by the sharing of electrons.
66.
The primary sequence of a protein refers to the:
a)
Order of amino acids
b)
α-Helix or β-Pleated Sheet
c)
Interaction of subunits
d)
Hydrogen Bonding
67.
How many structures or stages are there in proteins?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
68.
The two types of folding in the secondary structure are.....
a)
alpha-helix & beta-pleated sheets
b)
polypeptide & nucleotide
c)
globular & fibrous
69.
What gives a protein its unique shape?
a)
the unique sequence of amino acids in its polypeptide chain
b)
the unique folding due to the sequence of amnio acids in the polypeptide chain
c)
hydrogen bonding & unique interactions between the 'R' groups
d)
all of these
70.
The name of the initial chain of monomers in a protein is called.....
a)
polypeptide
b)
polysaccharide
c)
polyester
d)
polynucleotide
71.

The entire polypeptide forms a three-dimensional structure

a)

Primary

b)

Secondary

c)

Tertiary

d)

Quaternary

72.

Two or more polypeptides attached together and work as one unit

a)

Primary

b)

Secondary

c)

Tertiary

d)

Quaternary

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