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Review - Our Sun and Life Cycle of Stars

Total questions: 101

Worksheet time: 51mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Stars are round due to a balance of forces. What is the name of the balance?

a)

radiation pressure

b)

nuclear fusion

c)

gravity

d)

hydrostatic equilibrium

2.

Why will our sun not become a supernova?

a)

It is too bright

b)

It is too small

c)

It is too large

d)

It is too old

3.

How will our sun end its life?

a)

Black hole

b)

Black dwarf

c)

Brown dwarf

d)

Neutron star

4.

The reaction in the core of a star that makes them shine is called

a)

nuclear fission

b)

supernova

c)

hydrostatic equilibrium

d)

nuclear fusion

5.

Which of the following will give the best indication of a star's temperature?

a)

the distance of the star

b)

the radius of the star

c)

the color of the star

d)

the age of the star

6.

Which of the following stages represents a dying star?

a)

Main sequence

b)

Protostar

c)

Nebula

d)

Red Giant

7.

Which of the following is the most abundant element in the Sun?

a)

Hydrogen

b)

Helium

c)

Carbon

d)

Oxygen

8.

Which of the following is true for red stars as compared to blue stars?

a)

They are cooler 😎

b)

They are hotter

c)

They are always brighter

d)

They convert hydrogen to helium faster

9.

What kind of star lives a very hot, bright and short life?

a)

Red giant

b)

Main sequence

c)

High mass star

d)

Low mass star

10.

Which of the following is a possible order of life for a low mass star?

a)

nebula, protostar, brown dwarf, red giant, white dwarf, black dwarf

b)

protostar, nebula, main sequence, white dwarf, black dwarf

c)

nebula, protostar, main sequence, red giant, planetary nebula, white dwarf, black dwarf

d)

protostar, nebula, main sequence, red giant, brown dwarf, white dwarf

11.

Which of the following earliest stage of a star (where is it "born")?

a)

Nebula

b)

Protostar

c)

Main sequence

d)

Neutron star

12.

What are the two forces that balance and cause a star to be round?

a)

gravity and fusion

b)

radiation pressure and fusion

c)

gravity and radiation pressure

d)

hydrostatic equilibrium and fusion

13.

Which of the following stars is the coolest?

a)

A white star

b)

A blue star

c)

A red star

d)

An orange star

14.

Bright and hot stars live longer than cool and dim stars

a)

True

b)

False

15.

High-mass stars (O & B) die ____ while low-mass stars tend to go out ____.

a)

violently, gently

b)

quietly, explosively

c)

explosively, violently

d)

with a whimper, with a bang

16.

Core-hydrogen burning in a star refers to

a)

hydrogen fusing into helium providing an outward pressure.

b)

the eventual collapse of the core in a sun-like star.

c)

hydrogen that is burning to form heat & pressure.

d)

hydrostatic equilibrium.

17.

What happens to the core in a sun-like star after all the hydrogen is used up?

a)

the core will start fusing carbon instead

b)

it will collapse

c)

the core explodes

d)

it starts to expand

18.

A star will the leave the main sequence once the core becomes unstable forming a red giant.

a)

True

b)

False

19.

Which statement best describes a "planetary nebula?"

a)

a star like our Sun will eventually turn into a white dwarf

b)

when a planet is shrouded in a nebula cloud

c)

a star that forms as a red giant from a nebular cloud

d)

when a red supergiant or giant sheds its outer layers

20.

Which statement best describes a "white dwarf" star?

a)

stars that are still on the main sequence - but just barely

b)

stars that are very hot yet relatively small

c)

the resulting core of a once sun-like star

d)

the burned-out phase of a blue supergiant

21.
The Hertzprung Russell Diagram consists of two axis that are labelled...
a)
Luminosity and Size
b)
Luminosity and Temperature
c)
Size and Age
d)
Mass and Temperature
22.
90% of stars are in which part of their life cycle, as shown on the HR diagram?
a)
Main Sequence
b)
Supergiant
c)
White Dwarf
d)
Nebula
23.

Which of the following are the brightest?

a)

red supergiants

b)

yellow main sequence

c)

red dwarfs

d)

white dwarfs

24.

The surface temperature of a particular brown dwarf is 1000K. Where would it fit on an HR Diagram?

a)

top-left

b)

top-right

c)

bottom-left

d)

bottom-right

25.
Proxima Centauri has a luminosity of less than 1.  What does that mean?
a)
It is brighter than the Sun.
b)
It is hotter than the Sun.
c)
It is dimmer than the Sun.
d)
It is cooler than the Sun.
26.

Which of the following are generally the hottest?

a)

Supergiants

b)

Red Giants

c)

Yellow Main Sequence Stars

d)

White Dwarfs

27.

Where are the coolest stars on an HR Diagram found?

a)

top

b)

bottom

c)

left

d)

right

28.
In the diagram given, what happens as we move to the left?
a)
Stars Get Larger
b)
Stars get Colder
c)
Stars get hotter
29.
Which of these stars is hottest?
a)
Red Star
b)
Yellow Star
c)
Orange Star
d)
Blue Star
30.
Which star is the coldest?
a)
Yellow Star
b)
Red Star
c)
Orange Star
d)
Blue Star
31.
Compared to the rest of the stars, our sun is considered...
a)
Extremely Large and Cold
b)
Small with a medium temperature
c)
Medium size with medium temperature
32.
Which category is our Sun located in?
a)
White Dwarfs
b)
Supergiants
c)
Main Sequence
d)
Giants
33.
The category that contains the most stars is...
a)
Main Sequence
b)
Supergiants
c)
Giants
34.
As a whole, Giants are considered hotter than White Dwarfs.
a)
True
b)
False
35.
A large cloud of gas and dust in interstellar space; the predecessor to stars...
a)
Constellation
b)
Black hole
c)
Nebula
d)
Galaxy
36.
What is the graph that shows the relations between a star's surface temperature and absolute magnitude?
a)
H-R Diagram
b)
Star Cluster Map
c)
Einstein's Diagram
d)
Newton's Chart of Stars
37.

Which of the following is a distinguishing property of a neutron star?

a)

Spinning Rapidly

b)

Strong Magnetic Field

c)

Density beyond belief

d)

All of the above

38.

A supernova occurs when a _____ star runs out of fuel (or overloads) and explodes.

a)

sun-like

b)

single

c)

massive

d)

double

39.
When Your Body Goes Inside A Black Hole The Stretching effect is called what
a)
spaghettification
b)
stretchification 
c)
longification
d)
sausageification
40.
Where are the most supermassive black holes
a)
In most constellations
b)
It is unkown
c)
In the center of most galaxies
d)
Right next to large stars
41.

Which two things typically result from a Supernova?

a)

Black Hole and Nova

b)

Black Hole and Neutron Star

c)

Neutron Star and Supernova

d)

All of the above

42.

Neutron stars are formed when gravity squeezes electrons & _____ into neutrons in a supernova.

a)

protons

b)

isotopes

c)

quarks

d)

matter

43.

One teaspoon of neutron star material can weigh more than

a)

Mt. Everest.

b)

a planet.

c)

a star.

d)

a black hole

44.

an enormous explosion that occurs when a massive star dies

a)

black hole

b)

nuclear fusion

c)

supernova

d)

solar wind

45.

A neutron star has a super high

a)

density

b)

output of light

c)

input of neutrons

d)

output of x-rays

46.

What do we call a Neutron star that appears to look very much like a lighthouse form our perspective on Earth?

a)

Quasar

b)

Wayczar

c)

Pulsar

d)

Nonesar

47.

Type II supernovae explosions may leave behind a

a)

neutron star

b)

black hole

c)

pulsar

d)

white dwarf

48.

High-mass stars burn hotter & brighter because they have more _______ at their cores.

a)

fusion

b)

fuel

c)

energy

d)

pressure

49.

When an ______ core is reached in a high-mass star, gravity takes over.

a)

iron

b)

carbon

c)

oxygen

d)

helium

50.

When an iron core is reached gravity takes over and a(n) _________ occurs.

a)

black hole

b)

neutron star

c)

explosion

d)

supernova

51.

Supernovas are one of the largest _______ in the Universe.

a)

events

b)

stars

c)

explosions

d)

objects

52.

Earth-like planets may exist in abundance around binary star systems.

a)

True

b)

False

53.

Low-mass stars like our Sun will never explode.

a)

True

b)

False

54.

What is the final stage of a very high mass star?

a)

White Dwarf

b)

Black Hole

c)

Red Giant

d)

Neutron Star

55.

What is the name of the cosmic cloud of dust and gas that is the first stage in the birth of a star?

a)

Protostar

b)

Spiral Galaxy

c)

Quasar

d)

Stellar Nebula

56.

A stellar nebula will eventually condense into a hot ball of mostly hydrogen called a __________. At this point, nuclear fusion has not yet started but it will soon.

a)

Protostar

b)

White Dwarf

c)

Brown Dwarf

d)

Main Sequence

57.

In a low-medium mass star, at the end of the red giant stage, the red giant's atmosphere expands outward to create a...

a)

White Dwarf

b)

Planetary Nebula

c)

Supernova

d)

Neutron Star

58.

In a low-medium mass star, after the end of the red giant phase, a hot inner core of the star is left over. This core is a called a __________. There is no longer nuclear fusion happening at this stage.

a)

White Dwarf

b)

Planetary Nebula

c)

Supernova

d)

Neutron Star

59.

In a high mass star, at the end of the red giant phase, the gravity causes the star to rapidly collapse. This collapse causes a massive explosion called a __________

a)

White Dwarf

b)

Planetary Nebula

c)

Supernova

d)

Neutron Star

60.

In a very high mass star, a supernova triggers the formation of a __________ which has a gravitational pull so strong that even light cannot escape.

a)

White Dwarf

b)

Neutron Star

c)

Stellar Nebula

d)

Black Hole

61.

Which elements are found in a main sequence star?

a)

Hydrogen (H)

b)

Helium (He)

c)

Carbon (C)

d)

Oxygen (O)

62.

Elements heavier than iron are not formed in Main Sequence or Red Giant Stars. Where are heavier elements like silver, gold, and lead formed?

a)

White Dwarfs

b)

Stellar Nebulae

c)

Neutron Stars

d)

Supernovae

63.
The two main types of objects created by supernovae are ___
a)
neutron stars and pulsars
b)
magnetars and black holes
c)
pulsars and magnetars
d)
neutron stars and black holes
64.

What is a black hole?

a)

An object with such a strong gravitational pull nothing can escape it.

b)

A wormhole that leads to another galaxy.

c)

The end of the universe.

d)

A rip in time

65.

What is in the center of a black hole?

a)

A singularity

b)

A wormhole

c)

Nothing

d)

All of the above

66.

What is a black hole?

a)

Where all the missing socks went

b)

A region of warped spacetime created by a dying star

c)

A hole with no light shining in it

d)

The reason all the pencils in math classes are usually missing

67.

What is the point of no return from a black hole called?

a)

Leaning too far in your chair

b)

Dead

c)

Event Horizon

d)

Accretion Disk

68.

What is the spinning disk of hot gasses and plasma around some black holes called?

a)

Fidget Spinner

b)

Wat

c)

Accretion Disk

d)

Ringularity

69.

What can escape the event horizon?

a)

Light, the fastest thing.

b)

Sound, very fast.

c)

An escape master

d)

Nothing

70.
Stars are formed in a large cloud of gas and dust called a
a)
cumulonimbus cloud
b)
nebula
c)
neutron star
d)
black hole
71.
When the gas within a nebula shrinks, spins, and flattens into a disk, it is then called a
a)
black hole
b)
white dwarf
c)
neutron star
d)
protostar
72.

When all the fuel in a star's core is used up, fusion outside the core will cause it to expand and become a ___________________ star.

a)

Red Giant

b)

White Dwarf

c)

Purple Meany

d)

Black Hole

73.

A star will reach it's Old Age Stage when all the _______________ in it's core is used up as fuel

a)

hydrogen

b)

helium

c)

carbon

d)

uranium

74.

The life cycles of stars are determined by their:

a)

mass (size)

b)

color

c)

distance from Earth

d)

how bright they are

75.
A star spends most of its "life" as a
a)
Nebula
b)
Main Sequence star
c)
Red Giant
d)
White Dwarf
76.
White dwarves are small, dim, & hot.  Giants are large, bright, and cool.
a)
True
b)
False
77.
Which of these is destined to Supernova?
a)
A massive star
b)
A binary star
c)
A white dwarf
d)
Our Sun
78.

if a star is 2x as massive as the sun, will its lifespan be longer, shorter or the same as the sun?

a)

longer

b)

shorter

c)

the same

d)

more information is needed to answer the question

79.

The energy from the sun is created by a process called:

a)

nuclear fission

b)

nuclear fusion

c)

nuclear reaction

d)

nuclear core

80.
a brief burst of energy from the sun’s photosphere
a)
corona
b)
solar flare
c)
solar wind
d)
photosphere
81.
a dark spot on the photosphere of the sun
a)
corona
b)
solar flare
c)
sunspot
d)
magnitude
82.
brightness of stars
a)
galaxy
b)
magnitude
c)
photosphere
d)
corona
83.
Identify part 1.
a)
corona
b)
photosphere
c)
core
d)
radiation zone
84.
Identify part 3.
a)
corona
b)
convection zone
c)
core
d)
radiation zone
85.
Identify part 4.
a)
photosphere
b)
convection zone
c)
core
d)
radiation zone
86.
Identify part 7.
a)
sunspot
b)
solar flare
c)
corona
d)
radiation zone
87.
Identify part 8.
a)
sunspot
b)
solar flare
c)
granules
d)
radiation zone
88.
Identify part 9.
a)
sunspot
b)
solar flare
c)
granules
d)
prominence
89.

What are the inner layers of the Sun?

a)

Core, Radiative zone, and Convection zone.

b)

Crust, mantle, and core.

c)

Core, Photosphere, and Radiative Zone.

d)

The Sun doesn't have inner layers.

90.

What are the outer layers of the Sun?

a)

The Sun has only inner layers.

b)

Photosphere, Chromosphere, and Corona.

c)

Core, Radiative zone, and Convection zone.

d)

Crest, Corona, Mantle.

91.

Nuclear Fusion is when ________ atoms are squeezed together forming _________ atoms.

a)

Hydrogen / Helium

b)

Nitrogen / Hydrogen

c)

Oxygen / Neon

d)

Helium / Oxygen

92.

These cooler areas are created by concentrated magnetic fields

a)

Solar Flares

b)

Core

c)

Sun Spots

d)

Corona

93.

Why is the sun brighter then other stars?

a)

Its bigger

b)

Its yellow

c)

Its closer to Earth

d)

Its hotter then other stars

94.

What is a solar wind?

a)

The surface of the sun

b)

Darker, cooler areas of the sun

c)

Outer layer of the sun

d)

Constant flow of tiny, fast, electrically charged particles

95.
The solar wind can interact with Earth’s magnetic field to create powerful electric currents that cause        near the poles
a)
auroras 
b)
nuclear fusion 
c)
sun flares
d)
sunspots
96.

What does CME stand for?

a)

Continuing Medical Education

b)

Colonial Mass Emptier

c)

Coronal Mass Ejection

d)

Coronal Matter Ejection

97.

What are CME's?

a)

CMEs are a crown on the sun

b)

CMEs are big arches that form on the sun

c)

CMEs are winds that blow in space

d)

CMEs are particles thrown out of the sun

98.

What is Star Lord's name?

a)

Peter Quill

b)

Kraglin

c)

Yondu Udonta

d)

Chris Pratt

99.

How did the gas & dust between the stars & in all corners of the Universe get there?

a)

the result of planetary collisions & explosions

b)

by the gravitational attraction of supermassive black holes

c)

the Big Bang created it all

d)

the result of leftover remnants of previous stars

100.

Which of these stars could have been the star for Krypton, Superman's home world?

a)

Red Giant

b)

Black Hole

c)

White Dwarf

d)

Blue Supergiant

101.

What is the air-speed velocity of an unladen swallow?

a)

African or European?

b)

I don't know

c)

42

d)

The World May Never Know

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