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The Enlightenment

Total questions: 59

Worksheet time: 56mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which enlightenment thinker wrote about natural rights?
a)
Thomas Jefferson
b)
Thomas Hobbes
c)
John Locke
d)
Thomas Paine
2.

The idea that the power to rule comes from the people is known as

a)

right to rebel

b)

natural rights

c)

popular sovereignty

3.
Finish this American Colonist Motto, "No Taxation without..."
a)
Transportation
b)
Relaxation
c)
Sensation
d)
Representation
4.
This was a tax on all printed materials in the 13 Colonies.
a)
Stamp Act
b)
Sugar Act
c)
Tea Act
d)
Townshend Act
5.

The rights of life, liberty, and property are called:

a)

Unalienable Rights

b)

Essential Rights

c)

Natural Rights

d)

Original Rights

6.
What does it mean for a King to have Divine Right? 
a)
Rules by the power and blessing of God. 
b)
Rules by the suggestions of the people.
c)
Rules by listening to the Church to make decisions.
d)
The King is not really in power at all. 
7.

Which Enlightenment thinker wrote the Leviathan and was a founder of the social contract theory?

a)

Locke

b)

Rousseau

c)

Hobbes

d)

Voltaire

8.

This Enlightenment thinker believed in freedom of speech

a)

John Locke

b)

Rousseau

c)

Machiavelli

d)

Voltaire

9.

Which Enlightenment thinker believed in the separation of powers (3 branches)

a)

John Locke

b)

Rousseau

c)

Montesqueieu

d)

Hobbes

10.

Which Enlightenment thinker believed in free elections and direct democracy?

a)

John Locke

b)

Rousseau

c)

Voltaire

d)

Wollstonecraft

11.

When was 'the Enlightenment?'

a)

1685 - 1815

b)

1700 - 2000

c)

1570 - 1776

d)

1618 - 1917

12.

What did Enlightenment thinkers question that people previously took for granted?

a)

Traditional authority

b)

The teachings of the Catholic Church

c)

The right of Kings to rule over common people without their say

d)

All of the above

13.

What did Enlightenment thinkers base their questions and thinking on? What did they use to question tradition?

a)

Faith

b)

Reason

c)

Math

d)

Nachos

14.

Using rational, logical thinking

a)

Philosophy

b)

Thinking

c)

Reasoning

15.

The theory that an agreement to exchange some freedoms for protection exists between the people and their ruler or government - if the government breaks this agreement, the people have a right to rebel

a)

Human rights

b)

Divine right of Kings

c)

Social welfare

d)

Social contract

16.

A ruler who has total power

a)

Dictator

b)

Absolute ruler

c)

Total ruler

d)

Total jerk

17.

What movement coincided with the Enlightenment and ALSO challenged the power of the Catholic Church in Europe?

a)

The Scientific Revolution

b)

The Great Awakening

c)

The Diet of Worms

d)

The Protestant Reformation

18.

This enlightenment philosopher argued strongly in favor of free speech as a human right, and criticized intolerance and oppression, especially that of the Catholic Church

a)

John Locke

b)

Voltaire

c)

Thomas Hobbes

d)

Olympe de Gouges

19.

This philosopher firmly believed that life, liberty and property were natural rights of all people. He inspired the Declaration of Independence

a)

Thomas Hobbes

b)

Voltaire

c)

John Locke

d)

Baron de Montesquieu

20.

This philosopher was the first to propose two major features of modern American government - Separation of powers and Checks & Balances

a)

Thomas Hobbes

b)

Baron de Montesquieu

c)

Olympe de Gouges

d)

John Locke

21.

This philosopher had a negative view of human nature, believing that people were generally greedy and selfish.

a)

John Locke

b)

Voltaire

c)

Cesare Beccaria

d)

Thomas Hobbes

22.

What did Voltaire argue?

a)

People should embrace the values of the enlightenment

b)

People should reject the values of the enlightenment

c)

People should embrace the values of the Church

d)

People should reject the values of the Church

23.

With what idea is Adam Smith most associated?

a)

Slavery

b)

Separation of Church and State

c)

Free Markets

d)

The Social Contract

24.

With what idea is Rousseau most associated?

a)

Slavery

b)

Separation of Church and State

c)

Free Markets

d)

The Social Contract

25.

With what idea is Rousseau most associated?

a)

Individual Reason

b)

Separation of Church and State

c)

Free Markets

d)

The Social Contract

26.

Our Natural Rights are….

a)

Life, Property, and Church

b)

Life, food, and money

c)

Life, food, and church

d)

Life, Liberty, and Property

27.

Before the enlightenment many European nations believed in _____________.

a)

Absolute Democracy

b)

Absolute Monarchy

c)

Absolute Theocracy

d)

Absolute Anarchy

28.

Our branches of government is a direct example of which enlightenment idea?

a)

Freedom of Speech

b)

Separation of Powers

c)

Separation of church and state

d)

Central Government

29.

Divine Right of Kings states:

a)

God gives Kings access to Heaven

b)

Kings portray God-like features

c)

Kings are only Protestant Christian

d)

Kings are given their power to rule from God

30.

True or false: Central Government states that people need a weak government in order to maintain control.

a)

True

b)

False

31.

True or False: The Founding Fathers of the United States of America was heavily influenced by the Enlightenment.

a)

True

b)

False

32.

True or False: The Enlightenment is also known as the Age of Reason.

a)

True

b)

False

33.

An agreement among individuals to secure their rights and welfare by creating a government and abiding by its rules is known as ___________________

a)

Checks and Balances

b)

Social Contract

c)

Divine Right

34.

The division of power among the the different branches of government is known as __________

a)

Splitting of Authority

b)

Separation of Powers

c)

Law and Order

35.

Why was it important that the status of women improve during the Enlightenment?

a)

So that society could progress and women could receive an education

b)

So that they could finally leave the house

c)

It wasn't important because nothing has changed with women's rights

36.

John Locke believed that people could learn from experience and improve themselves.

a)

True

b)

False

37.

Natural Right is defined as _________________________.

a)

right humans from birth, such as life, liberty, and property

b)

an organic way of exercising your rights

38.

Montesquieu proposed that separation of powers would keep any individual from gaining total control of the government. This is known as ____________________

a)

Checks and Balances

b)

Law and Order

c)

Balancing a checkbook

39.
Enlightened thinkers based their philosophical beliefs on what two things?
a)
power and privilege
b)
money and fame
c)
good looks and charm
d)
reason and logic
40.
Which Enlightenment philosopher argued that people have the right to abolish their government and create a new one?
a)
Montesquire
b)
Locke
c)
Voltaire
d)
Rousseau
41.
Which of the following exemplifies the ideas of the age of Enlightenment?
a)
reason
b)
tradition
c)
faith
d)
ignorance
42.
According to the concept of divine right, who gave monarchs the power to rule?
a)
kings
b)
God
c)
military
d)
people
43.
What type of document did the Enlightenment thinkers support?
a)
Totalitarian
b)
Absolute monarchy
c)
unlimited government
d)
limited government
44.
Which of the Enlightenment philosophers believed the three branches of government should check the powers of one another?
a)
Montesquieu
b)
Voltaire
c)
Rousseau
d)
Locke
45.
People in a society give up some of their rights in exchange for protection.
a)
Social Contract
b)
Enlightenment
c)
State of Nature
d)
Revolution
46.
Belief that one can freely express their beliefs without fear of punishment.
a)
Freedom of Speech
b)
Freedom of Religion
c)
No unlawful searches
d)
Right to life, liberty, and property
47.
French writer who believed in freedom of speech, religious tolerance, and the separation of church and state.
a)
Voltaire
b)
Locke
c)
Rousseau
d)
Montesquieu
48.
John Locke believed people were born with certain rights than no-one could take away. 
a)
Life, liberty, property
b)
Life , liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
c)
Freedom of speech, religion, and property
d)
Social Contract
49.
Montesquieu was a huge believer in
a)
absolute monarchy
b)
enemies of the state
c)
Bourne Identity 
d)
separation of powers
50.
What were the 3 natural rights of individuals according to John Locke?
a)
life, liberty, property
b)
life, property, justice system
c)
liberty, happiness, individual achievement
d)
life, liberty, pursuit of happiness
51.
What is the heliocentric theory?
a)
There is no sun
b)
The sun is smaller than the Earth
c)
The sun is the center of the universe
d)
There is no moon
52.
This was an 18th century philosophical movement of intellectuals, aiming to apply reason to all endeavors.
a)
Reformation
b)
Renaissance
c)
Enlightenment
53.
What did Thomas Hobbes believe?
a)
Humans should hurt other humans
b)
Humans were naturally cruel, selfish, and greedy
c)
Humans are all so kind and wonderful
d)
Humans should go to church every day
54.
Rousseau, Montesquieu, and Locke would all support:
a)
A dictatorship
b)
A democracy
c)
An absolute monarchy
d)
All of these
55.
John Locke believed that the purpose of government was to protect people’s natural rights.
a)
True
b)
False 
56.
During the Enlightenment, many people placed their faith in ___.
a)
the church
b)
the military
c)
reason
d)
science
57.
What did Galileo use to support the heliocentric theory through observation?
a)
Thermometers
b)
Barometers
c)
Rulers
d)
Telescopes
58.
A government leader who has all the power
a)
Democracy
b)
Anarchy
c)
Absolute Monarchy
d)
Separation of Powers
59.
An agreement between people and the government to give up some rights for safety and protection
a)
Philosophers
b)
Democracy
c)
Social Contract
d)
Divine Right of Kings