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Muscles Review

Total questions: 82

Worksheet time: 1hrs 22mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What are the three types of muscle?

a)

Smooth, Hard, Cardiac

b)

Cardiac, Smooth, Skeletal

c)

Skeleton, Heart, Bladder

2.

Which muscle characteristic allows the muscle to return to resting length after contraction?

a)

Contractility

b)

Excitability

c)

Extensibility

d)

Tension

3.

What is the name of the plasma membrane surrounding each muscle fiber?

a)

T Tubule

b)

Sarcolemma

c)

Sarcoplasm

d)

Nucleus

4.

What is the contractile unit of the muscle?

a)

Z disk

b)

Sarcomere

c)

Muscle fiber

d)

Muscle cell

5.

What protein makes up the thick filaments?

a)

Troponin

b)

Tropomyosin

c)

Myosin

d)

Actin

6.

What is the name of the neurotransmitter that is released from the neuron to the sarcolemma?

a)

Acetylcholine

b)

Acetone

c)

ATP

d)

Calcium

7.

Which of these occurs first during a muscle contraction?

a)

The nerve signal reaches the neuromuscular junction

b)

Ach is released and opens Na ion channels

c)

The sarcomere shortens

d)

The myosin binds to the actin

8.

Which of these occurs last during a muscle contraction?

a)

The nerve signal reaches the neuromuscular junction

b)

Ach is released and opens Na ion channels

c)

The sarcomere shortens

d)

The myosin binds to the actin

9.

What is the energy source that is used for all contractions?

a)

Glucose

b)

Creatine

c)

ATP

d)

Oxygen

10.

What is not a special characteristic of muscle cells?

a)

Contractility

b)

Extensibility

c)

Excitability

d)

Agility

11.

What is not a function of the muscular system?

a)

Maintaining posture

b)

Generating heat

c)

Movement

d)

Storing red blood cells

12.

What is listed from smallest to largest correctly?

a)

Sarcomere, fascicle, muscle fiber

b)

Myofibril, sarcomere, fascicle

c)

Sarcomere, myofibril, muscle fiber

d)

Myofibril, fascicle, sarcomere

13.

Skeletal muscles are responsible for moving

a)

The heart

b)

The skeleton

c)

the pancreas

d)

The brain

14.

Which of the following muscle types are voluntary?

a)

Skeletal

b)

Cardiac

c)

Smooth muscle

15.

During a muscle contraction, cross-bridges from between what two structures?

a)

Actin and myosin fibers

b)

neuron and muscle

c)

mitochondria and actin

16.

Muscle fatigue is likely due to the build up of

a)

acetylcholine

b)

cholinsterase

c)

lactic acid

d)

glucose

17.

Actin in myofibril

a)

sarcomere

b)

thin filament

c)

thick filament

d)

sarcolemma

18.

Myosin in myofibril

a)

sarcomere

b)

thin filament

c)

thick filament

d)

sarcolemma

19.

light bands, actin only

a)

I band

b)

A band

c)

H band

d)

sarcomere

20.

During muscle fiber contraction: Z lines __________

a)

are unchanged

b)

move farther apart

c)

move closer together

d)

line up with each other

21.
This type of muscle tissue is found only in the heart
a)
Skeletal
b)
Cardiac
c)
Smooth
22.
This type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of hollow organs such as the stomach 
a)
Skeletal
b)
Cardiac
c)
Smooth
23.

Which type(s) of muscle tissue have striations

a)
Only Cardiac Muscle
b)
Only Skeletal Muscle
c)
Only Smooth Muscle
d)
Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle
24.
The gap between a neuron and a muscle cell: (#4 in the diagram)
a)

synaptic cleft (synapse)

b)

sarcolemma

c)

vesicle

d)

Ca2+ ion

25.

The organelle that stores Acetylcholine (ACh) in the axon is identified as #4

a)

Motor Neuron

b)

Axon Terminal of Motor Neuron

c)

Sarcolemma

d)

 Synaptic Vesicle

26.
Skeletal Muscle contraction is initiated when the ________ sends a message to the muscle cell.  
a)
Muscle cell
b)

Motor Neuron

c)
Gland
d)

Cardiac Muscle

27.

Muscles are attached to bones by _____.

a)

Ligaments

b)

Tendons

c)

Cartilage

d)

Axons

28.

Calcium binds to ___of the troponin-tropomyosin complex.

a)

troponin

b)

tropomyosin

c)

actin

d)

myosin

29.

What layer of tissue surrounds the entire muscle?

a)

Endomysium

b)

Epimysium

c)

Perimysium

d)

myomysium

30.

Which of the following best describes the power stoke?

a)

actin's troponin pulls on the myosin filament

b)

myosin filament heads pull on binding sites of the actin filament

c)

myosin filaments pull on the Z lines of the actin filament

d)

The A bands shrink

31.

What is the region where a motor neuron comes in close contact with a muscle cell.

a)

neurotransmitter

b)

muscular dystrophy

c)

muscle tension

d)

neuromuscular junction

32.

Contractile unit of a muscle which is also the functional unit of a muscle is ...

a)

sarcomere

b)

motor unit

c)

fascicle

d)

myofibril

33.

What element is important in directly triggering contraction?

a)

Potassium

b)

Calcium

c)

Sodium

d)

Chloride

34.

The enzyme cholinesterase causes acetylcholine to

a)

be secreted from the motor end plate.

b)

form cross bridges.

c)

bind to actin.

d)

decompose.

35.

Which cell organelle provides energy for muscle contraction?

a)

lysosome

b)

nucleus

c)

endoplasmic reticulum

d)

mitochondria

36.

When recruitment occurs, the number of motor units being activated

a)

increases

b)

decreases

37.

What is number 4?

a)

Myofibril

b)

Muscle

c)

Muscle Fiber

d)

Fascicle

38.

What is number 5? Hint: it is a bundle.

a)

Muscle

b)

Fascicle

c)

Myofilaments

d)

Microfilaments

39.

Which of the following is also known as a muscle cell?

a)

Muscle

b)

Myofibril

c)

Fascicle

d)

Muscle fiber

40.

The ability of the muscle to be stretched and then return to original shape.

a)

excitability

b)

contractility

c)

extensibility

d)

elasticity

41.

The ability of the muscle to respond to a stimulus.

a)

excitability

b)

contractility

c)

extensibility

d)

elasticity

42.

The ability of the muscle to shorten.

a)

excitability

b)

contractility

c)

extensibility

d)

elasticity

43.

This type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of hollow organs such as the stomach and the digestive tract.

a)

Skeletal

b)

Cardiac

c)

Smooth

44.
Which type(s) of muscle tissue have visible striations
a)
Only Cardiac Muscle
b)
Only Skeletal Muscle
c)
Only Smooth Muscle
d)
Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle
45.

Which of the following occurs When ATP binds to the myosin head?

a)

Myosin head detaches from actin

b)

Myosin head forms cross-bridge

c)

Myosin undergoes power stroke

d)

Myosin releases calcium

46.

Which of the following decreases during muscle contraction?

a)

M line

b)

A band

c)

H zone

d)

Z line

47.

Aerobic respiration uses this as its main energy source

a)

creatine phosphate

b)

glucose

c)

lactic acid

d)

pyruvic acid

48.

Aerobic respiration occurs here

a)

mitochondria

b)

cytoplasm

c)

muscle

d)

blood stream

49.

Muscle fatigue is...

a)

when the muscle is unable to contract

b)

when you are too tired to exercise

c)

when the muscle is contracted more than 30 secondsd

d)

when O2 comes from direct phosphorylation

50.
Which one of the following is a key characteristic of Fast Twitch B muscle fibers? 
a)
They are Red in color, meaning they contain a lot of mitochondria
b)
They contract rapidly with great force but fatigue fast (as they use creatine phosphate pathway)
c)
They are recruited for long duration activities
d)
They contain high numbers of Mitochondria
51.
Which statement about a tetanus is false?
a)
It is a maximum sustained contraction
b)
It is caused by stimulating contraction before a muscle has time to relax
c)
It remains contracted until the muscle fatigues
d)
It is caused by allowing the muscle to relax too many times between contractions.
52.
A motor unit is made up of _______________.
a)
all the muscle fibers within a given muscle
b)
a motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates
c)
all the neurons going into an individual section of the body
d)
a fascicle and a nerve
53.

This graph is an example of

a)

Fused Tetanus

b)

Unfused Tetanus

c)

Twitch

54.
Which of the following MUST be present for aerobic respiration? 
a)
carbon dioxide
b)
lactic acid 
c)
glucose
d)
oxygen
55.

The condition in which a muscle remains contracted between stimuli without relaxing is called

a)

recruitment.

b)

tetanus.

c)

the all-or-none response.

d)

a motor unit.

e)

the lag phase.

56.

What would be the correct order of the steps?


  1. Action potential travels down T-tubules.
  2. Nerve impulse reaches the muscle.
  3. Calcium binds to troponin.
  4. Tropomyosin moves.
a)

1, 2, 3, 4

b)

4, 3, 2, 1

c)

3, 4, 1, 2

d)

2, 1, 3, 4

57.

Which typically requires the most oxygen?

a)

Slow Twitch

b)

Fast Twitch

58.

Which can work for the longest period of time?

a)

Slow Twitch

b)

Fast Twitch

59.

Which would be better for short periods of very hard work?

a)

Slow Twitch

b)

Fast Twitch

60.

Which is known as "red muscle" fibers?

a)

Slow Twitch

b)

Fast Twitch

61.

Which is considered the "main mover"

a)

Agonist muscle

b)

Antagonist muscle

c)

Smooth muscle

d)

Cardiac muscle

62.

What type of muscle is considered the opposing muscle during a given movement

a)

Agonist muscle

b)

Antagonist muscle

c)

Smooth muscle

d)

Cardiac muscle

63.

How do pairs of skeletal muscles work together?

a)

One muscle in the pair pulls on a bone, while the second muscle pulls on the first muscle.

b)

While one muscle in the pair contracts, the other returns to its original length.

c)

Both muscles extend at the same time.

d)

One contracts and the other stretches.

64.
From which system does the body get the message to move?
a)
Circulatory System
b)
Skeletal System
c)
Muscular System
d)
Nervous System
65.
A place where two bones meet is called a 
a)
Hip Bone
b)
Synovial Fluid
c)
Joint
d)
Biceps
66.

Moveable attachment of a muscle:

a)

Teniosis

b)

Origin

c)

Insertion

d)

Eversion

67.

Attachment of a muscle that remains relatively fixed (does not move) during muscular contraction:

a)

Origin

b)

Dilator

c)

Insertion

d)

Dystonia

68.
___ and ___ are regulatory proteins bound to actin. 
a)
Troponin and tropomyosin
b)
Myosin and actin
c)
Calcium and Oxygen
d)
Glycogen and hemoglobin
69.

What is the name for the place where a motor neuron meets a muscle?

a)

neuromuscular junction

b)

neuropathy

c)

myoneuroplasticity

d)

nervous muscular tissue

70.

A(n) ____________________ is a single stimulus-contraction-relaxation sequence in a muscle fiber. It is a single, short contraction involving only a few motor units.

a)

twitch

b)

origin

c)

recruitment

d)

antagonist

71.

__________ motor units are found in muscles that perform precise or fine movements. Examples would be those found in the eyes and fingers.

a)

Small

b)

Large

c)

Mixed

72.

In a single muscle twitch, the ____________________ occurs when calcium (Ca2+) is being pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and actin and myosin stop the binding cycle.

a)

latent period

b)

contraction phase

c)

relaxation phase

73.

The model of muscle movement is called

a)

Sliding Action Model

b)

Action Potential Model

c)

Sliding Filament Model

d)

Action Contraction Model

74.

Myofibrils are divided into segments called

a)

Reticulum

b)

Myofilament

c)

Sarcomeres

75.

Activities such as distance swimming and distance running are most likely to stimulate development of __.

a)

slow fatigue muscle fibers

b)

fast fatigue muscle fibers

c)

slow fatigue-resistant muscle fibers

d)

fast fatigue-resistant muscle fibers

76.

When not have enough oxygen causes Lactic Acid to accumulate in the muscles

a)

oxygen debt

b)

muscle cramp

c)

muscle fatigue

d)

muscle tone

77.

The change in electrical potential, passage of an impulse along the membrane (sarcolemma) of the muscle cell

a)

motor unit

b)

muscle tone

c)

muscle cramp

d)

action potential

78.

The immovable end of a muscle.

a)

motor unit

b)

insertion

c)

origin

d)

action potential

79.

More and more fibers contract as the intensity of the stimulus increases

a)

recruitment

b)

muscle cramp

c)

hypertrophy

d)

atrophy

80.

Muscle loses ability to contract after prolonged exercise or strain.

a)

muscle cramp

b)

muscle tone

c)

muscle loss

d)

muscle fatigue

81.

The movable end of the muscle.

a)

Insertion

b)

Origin

c)

Motor Unit

d)

Action Potential

82.

Where does the energy for muscle contraction come normally from?

a)

ATP produced by cellular respiration

b)

ATP produced by glycolysis

c)

ATP produced by anaerobic respiration

d)

ATP from the direct phosphorylation of enzymes in the Krebs Cycle.

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