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WorksheetsHuman Factors Midterm
Total questions: 59
Worksheet time: 20mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
What is a system?
a)
A collection of parts which interact with each other to function as a whole
b)
A collection of ideas which interact with each other to function as an individual idea
c)
A collection of individualistic methodologies which oppose each other
2.
What is systems theory?
a)
An interdisciplinary field of art concerned with the abstract idea of modernism
b)
A theory involving the study of mountain ranges
c)
An interdisciplinary field of science concerned with the nature of complex systems
3.
What is an example of direct control made by a human?
a)
Utilizing an autopilot to climb and level off the airplane
b)
Manually hand flying the airplane through a climb and level off
c)
Utilizing a fly by wire system
4.
What is the primary way ATC can communicate with a general aviation aircraft under the current system?
a)
Data Link
b)
ACARS
c)
Radio
5.
What will be the primary method of communication with a general aviation aircraft under the NextGen system of air traffic control?
a)
Data Link
b)
ACARS
c)
Radio
6.
In dealing with aircraft maintenance systems what does the lean concept encompass?
a)
A reduction in waste
b)
Keeping large stockpiles of parts on hand
c)
Increasing aircraft down time for maintenance related items
7.
What is the basic level of automation in an aircraft?
a)
The computer does all the flying
b)
The computer does some of the flying
c)
The computer does none of the flying
8.
The level of automation in an aircraft where the human is not actively involved in the decision-making process is what?
a)
Lowest
b)
Middle
c)
Highest
9.
Hypoxia is defined as?
a)
A hemoglobin deficiency in the blood
b)
A plasma deficiency in the blood
c)
An oxygen deficiency in the blood
10.
What is the most common form of hypoxia in aviation?
a)
Stagnant Hypoxia
b)
Histotoxic Hypoxia
c)
Hypoxic Hypoxia
11.
Which is not a type of decompression sickness?
a)
Skin Manifestations
b)
The Chokes
c)
The Leans
12.
If decompression sickness is suspected what is the proper technique to resolve the issue?
a)
Go on 100% oxygen
b)
Climb the aircraft
c)
Seek help after arriving at your destination
13.
After taking over the counter medications how long should a pilot wait before flying?
a)
One dosing interval
b)
Two dosing intervals
c)
Three dosing intervals
14.
How does one define the ‘system boundary’? (pick all that are correct)
a)
For human factors analysis, the human is the system of interest.
b)
For human factors analysis, the human and their machine interfaces comprise the system of interest.
c)
The definition depends on the purpose of the analysis – for some design activities it might comprise some things, and for other design activities it might comprise less, more or different things.
d)
The definition should comprise those things that significantly and directly impact safety and/or performance.
e)
The system boundary should comprise everything, as everything impacts human performance.
15.
Aviation Safety improvements that occurred during the 1930’s - 1980’s was the result of an improvement in what?
a)
The Human Element
b)
The Agricultural Revolution
c)
Technology
16.
The first time the term “safety culture” appeared was in reference to what accident?
a)
United 232
b)
Chernobyl
c)
Exon Valdez
17.
Safety Culture refers to what?
a)
It is a term that refers to the abilities of all people to work toward a common goal of safety
b)
The general overall feeling about safety in an industry
c)
The systematic dismantling of safety related policies and procedures
18.
In the past aviation has tended to believe in a _____safety culture.
a)
Blaming
b)
Just
c)
Cohesive
19.
A just safety culture is one in which ______.
a)
The management of an organization tends to keep all safety related issues a secret
b)
The employees are held out as scapegoats to make management look better
c)
The employees are considered professionals and are encouraged to report safety violations
20.
What is one method a company can use to improve its safety practices?
a)
Observations
b)
Falsely reporting statistics to OSHA
c)
Not engaging employees
21.
What does CRM stand for?
a)
Crew Remote Maintenance
b)
Crew Resource Management
c)
Crew Reporting Management
22.
What is one way a company can share safety procedures with others in the industry?
a)
Sharing of lessons learned
b)
Destroying of documents
c)
Failure to self-report to OSHA
23.
High Reliability Organizations perceive aviation safety through what means?
a)
Looking at past accidents and incidents
b)
Exploring how management can explore the exchange of safety information
c)
Base all information on previous safety programs, and learning from previous mistakes
24.
Safety Management Systems (SMS) is defined as?
a)
A way of looking at safety from a top down management approach
b)
A way of looking at safety from a bottom up management approach
c)
A mid-level management strategy
25.
One aspect of an SMS program is?
a)
An accusatory management style
b)
A lack of investigative techniques
c)
Training and education
26.
What is once common thread regarding human factors in the Helios Airways Accident (522)?
a)
Uncommon accents when speaking
b)
Uncommon language when speaking
c)
Non-standardized procedures
27.
What critical system was overlooked by the crew in the Helios Airways Accident (522)?
a)
Fuel
b)
Pressurization
c)
Anti-icing
28.
What is one tip, when speaking, to make yourself understood?
a)
Use your native language
b)
Use technical terms
c)
Use common terms
29.
One way to ensure resilience in High Reliability Organizations is too?
a)
Bring in only aviation related engineers to conduct safety audits
b)
Utilize engineers from multiple disciplines when designing safety systems
c)
Utilize the best experts from the Aviation Human Factors Field
30.
When cost cutting measures are utilized, such as an economic downturn, how might a company keep its focus on safety?
a)
Budgeting money for safety programs during profitable years
b)
Cutting other areas to focus on safety
c)
Laying off employees
31.
An example of a correspondence strategy would be?
a)
Judging the distance away from a thunderstorm based on a visual reference
b)
Judging the proper point to begin a decent based on a GPS
c)
Judging the height above the ground in instrument conditions
32.
An example of a coherence strategy would be?
a)
Utilizing pilotage for navigation
b)
Utilizing dead reckoning for navigation
c)
Utilizing GPS for navigation
33.
Correspondence strategy is commonly used by what type of pilot?
a)
Novice
b)
Beginner
c)
Experienced
34.
A pilot utilizing correspondence theory is more likely to be involved in an accident if their ____level is low?
a)
Automation
b)
Experience
c)
Localized
35.
Spatial Disorientation is defined as?
a)
The inability for a pilot to determine location based on landmarks
b)
The inability for a pilot to determine height based on a feeling of euphoria
c)
The inability for a pilot to determine his height and attitude based on multiple senses
36.
In instrument meteorological conditions what is a way to counteract the effects of spatial disorientation?
a)
Trust the feeling in your body as to what is right side up
b)
Trust the flight instruments
c)
Trust the information from provided by ATC
37.
In designing Nextgen aircraft what type of things should be considered in the design of the aircraft based on previous studies?
a)
Designing systems so that the human brain is not overloaded
b)
Designing systems so that as much information as possible is provided to the pilot
c)
Designing systems that can only be utilized by the most experienced pilots
38.
In the early days of aviation pilots perceived their attitude in the sky by what means?
a)
Direct Perception
b)
Indirect Perception
c)
Advanced Perception
39.
What is one way to counteract the tendency of forgetting in rule-based behavior?
a)
Increased knowledge of known tasks
b)
Using reminders such as a checklist
c)
Using tribal knowledge
40.
What is one example of naturalistic decision making?
a)
Preparing for a flight ahead of time by contemplating “what if” scenarios
b)
Making decisions impulsively without weighing which decision is more applicable
c)
Dealing with the consequences of an action after the fact
41.
Decision Heuristics are defined as?
a)
A form of mental preparation before flying
b)
The IMSAFE model
c)
Mental shortcuts used in the decision-making process
42.
The abbreviation GEMS stands for what?
a)
Genetic Engineering Modeling System
b)
Genetic Error Modeling System
c)
Genetic Error Masking System
43.
What is the basic premise of GEMS?
a)
Humans make errors
b)
Humans cope with errors
c)
Humans construct errors
44.
What is an example of change blindness during a high workload situation?
a)
Noting a change in weather ahead
b)
Noting a change in oil pressure
c)
Noting a dramatic change in cabin temperature
45.
Under the FAA’s NEXTGEN plan whose workload is likely to increase due to greater flexibility in navigation due to satellite (GPS direct) navigation?
a)
Pilot’s
b)
Controller’s
c)
FSS Weather Specialist
46.
Aeronautical Decision Making refers to what?
a)
The way a pilot thinks about his attitude
b)
The way a pilot makes an orderly and systematic decision in response to a given set of circumstances
c)
The way a pilot operates an aircraft
47.
CRM refers to the use of what resources to make good decisions?
a)
Other crew members
b)
ATC
c)
FSS
d)
All the above
48.
Name one personal attitude that can be hazardous to flying?
a)
Impulsivity
b)
Invulnerability
c)
Resignation
d)
Macho (Anti-Authority)
e)
All the above
49.
What ADM model is commonly used in aviation?
a)
PAVEWAY
b)
RECITE
c)
DECIDE
50.
Mental workload is the mental resources demanded by a task and the resources that the pilot can supply to that task.
a)
True
b)
False
51.
An approach to a busy Class B airport during bad weather involves what type of workload?
a)
Low
b)
Medium
c)
High
52.
How much stress does a person need in their life to perform at an optimal level of performance?
a)
Low level
b)
Medium level
c)
High level
53.
Situational Awareness involves knowing what the airplane is currently doing and what the airplane ______?
a)
Will do in the past
b)
Will do in the future
c)
Will do in unresolved situations
54.
What is a common strategy for workload management among pilots?
a)
Aviate, Subjugate, Pacify
b)
Aviate, Movement, Parlay
c)
Aviate, Navigate, Communicate
55.
Technology in an aircraft tends to be a new focus in pilot training?
a)
True
b)
False
56.
What if planning for a cross country should entail thinking about what?
a)
Fuel and emergency contingencies
b)
The status of the #12 and #15 satellites in the GPS system
c)
The status of NDB stations along the route (Non ADF equipped aircraft)
57.
What is the main cause of a loss of situational awareness?
a)
Good proper planning
b)
Distractions
c)
Lake effect snow
58.
What is one way to prevent a loss of situational awareness?
a)
To make sure you fly at least once a month
b)
To make sure you train in different aircraft
c)
To make sure you conduct a proper visual scan if VFR
59.
What is one form of preparation you can do before a flight to help prevent a loss of situational awareness?
a)
Make sure the airplane has plenty of fuel
b)
Make sure the airplane has a clean windshield
c)
Make sure the airplane has a current weight and balance on board
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