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WorksheetsBiochem midterm review
Total questions: 57
Worksheet time: 43mins
A solution with a pH of 2 is __________ times more acidic than one with a pH of 5.
3
10
100
1000
100000
The pH of blood in humans
is lowest at birth and gradually increases with age up to a maximum level
is different for men and women
varies with the activity level of the individual
is highest at birth and gradually decreases to a minimum level
is normally 7.4 and resists change at all times
R-group
A pH number of 1 would be:
acidic
basic
neutral
Enzymes have many functions. One is to:
Store DNA
Start, stop and speed up chemical processes
Excrete waste
Send messages to the brain
What is pH?
A scale that measures protein and sugar
A scale that measures acidity and basicity
A scale that measures weight and length
A scale that measures enzymes and hormones
Every living organism has a specific pH range that they can survive in.
True
False
If a person's stomach has too much base in it, what can that person do to put their pH level back in homeostasis?
Drink something with a lower pH number
Drink something with a higher pH number
Another word for enzyme is:
Chemical messenger
Messenger protein
Catalyst
ATP
What is a number 7 pH on the scale?
acidic
neutral
basic
its just the middle. it has no meaning
Anion gap can be defined as
an estimate of unmeasured anion concentrations
an estimate of unmeasured cation concentrations
an estimate of both unmeasured cation and anion concentrations
an estimate of both measured cation and anion
the year is 2035 and you are a practicing emergency medicine physician at the Jackson ER. While you are minding your business, eating your lunch, you are paged to see a patient that came in about 10 minutes ago in a diabetic keto acidosis crisis (too much acid in the body). Recalling your knowledge of biochemistry, you realize that this means:
the man's Anion gap is larger than normal
the Man's Anion gap is smaller than normal
There is nothing wrong with the man's anion gap
There is no way to know what the anion gap of this man is
What is the [H+] if the pH is 4.0?
1.0 x 10-10 M
1.0 x 10-4 M
1.0 x 10-14 M
1.0 x 10-7 M
The lower the pH, the greater the concentration of :
OH-
H+
True or False? The stronger the acid, the larger the value of the Ka.
True
False
What is the difference between Zero order and 1st order reactions?
explain it to a 12 year old child
think about the Enzyme catalysis graph (with Km and Vmax) which parts of the curve is 1st order and which part is zero order? why?
select both the answers above, but write out your answers on a separate sheet of paper
What is the formula that measures the rate of a reaction (V)?
Make sure you memorize this formula
What is the official name for this formula?
What is the relationship between Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, NADPH and Glutathione?
Your answer should include the pentose phosphate pathway
Your answer should also include the pathway of hydrogen from one molecule to the other and the effect of that transfer (aka. what is reduced, what is oxidized)
On a large molecule like a protein, why is each successive hydrogen (after the first one) much harder to remove?
the molecule becomes more negative so it is harder to remove more positive charges
the molecule becomes more acidic so it attracts more hydrogens that it donates
the molecule becomes more positive so it is harder to remove a positive charge
That statement is a lie, it is not harder to remove the rest of the hydrogens after the first hydrogen
What type of molecules are NOT able to cross the lipid bilayer cell membrane layer (they are essentially trapped to be excreted or metabolized)
positive
negative
charged (either positive or negative)
uncharged (neutral)
If a compound has a pKa of 2.8 and is placed in a solution with pH of 1, which form of the compound will predominate?
Protonated form
Deprotonated form
Equal amounts of protonated and deprotonated forms
None of the above
If a compound has a pKa of 2.8 and is placed in a solution with pH of 2.8, which form of the compound will predominate?
Protonated form
Deprotonated form
Equal amounts of protonated and deprotonated forms
None of the above
If a compound has a pKa of 2.8 and is placed in a solution with pH of 5, which form of the compound will predominate?
Protonated form
Deprotonated form
Equal amounts of protonated and deprotonated forms
None of the above
If a compound has a pKa of 2.8 and is placed in a solution with pH of 9, which form of the compound will predominate?
Protonated form
Deprotonated form
Equal amounts of protonated and deprotonated forms
None of the above
If a compound has a pKa of 9.6 and is placed in a solution with pH of 2, which form of the compound will predominate?
Protonated form
Deprotonated form
Equal amounts of protonated and deprotonated forms
None of the above
If a compound has a pKa of 9.6 and is placed in a solution with pH of 5, which form of the compound will predominate?
Protonated form
Deprotonated form
Equal amounts of protonated and deprotonated forms
None of the above
If a compound has a pKa of 9.6 and is placed in a solution with pH of 9.6, which form of the compound will predominate?
Protonated form
Deprotonated form
Equal amounts of protonated and deprotonated forms
None of the above
If a compound has a pKa of 9.6 and is placed in a solution with pH of 12, which form of the compound will predominate?
Protonated form
Deprotonated form
Equal amounts of protonated and deprotonated forms
None of the above
the lower the pKa: (there may be more than one correct answer)
the weaker the acid
the stronger the acid
the greater the tendency of the acid to give up its proton
the lesser the tendency of the acid to give up its proton
A compound in a solution has a pKa that is equal to the pH of the solution. Which of the following is true?
there will be more of the deprotonated form than the protonated form
there will be equal amounts of the deprotonated form and the protonated form
there will be less of the deprotonated form than the protonated form
none of the above
Molecules that are polarized are ___ likely to diffuse across membranes; molecules that are depolarized are ____ likely to diffuse across membranes.
Less, Less
Less, More
More, More
More, Less
What is this?
Alanine
Glycine
Aspartic acid
Glutamic acid
What is this?
Alanine
Glycine
Aspartic acid
Glutamic acid
What is this?
Alanine
Glycine
Aspartic acid
Glutamic acid
What is this?
Alanine
Glycine
Aspartic acid
Glutamic Acid
This mutation in position 6 of the beta-chain in hemoglobin results in sickle-cell disease. What is it?
Glutamate --> Valine
Valine --> Glutamate
Glycine --> Valine
Valine --> Glycine
What are the correct values for x and y in patient B?
x = 73, y = 66
x = 72, y = 63
x = 72, y = 64
x = 72.9, y = 65.7
What order reaction is seen in patient A?
Zero-order
First-order
Second-order
Third-order
What order reaction is seen in patient B?
Zero-order
First-order
Second-order
Third-order
the higher the pKa: (there may be more than one correct answer)
the weaker the acid
the stronger the acid
the greater the tendency of the acid to give up its proton
the lesser the tendency of the acid to give up its proton
A _______ reaction does not depend on substrate concentration; the rate of reaction is independent of substrate concentration
Zero-order
First-order
Second-order
Third-order
In a _____ reaction, the rate of reaction is dependent on substrate concentration.
Zero-order
First-order
Second-order
Third-order
Using the equation in the image, what is true at a very large concentration of substrate [S]?
At large concentrations of S, the contribution of Km becomes negligible, so you can effectively ignore the value of Km. This is a zero-order reaction
At large concentrations of S, the contribution of Km becomes negligible, so you can effectively ignore the value of Km. This is a first-order reaction
At large concentrations of S, the contribution of Km becomes significant, so you can't ignore the value of Km. This is a zero-order reaction
At large concentrations of S, the contribution of Km becomes significant, so you can't ignore the value of Km. This is a first-order reaction
Using the equation in the image, what is true at very small concentrations of substrate [S]? What is the order of the reaction?
At infinitely small concentration of S, the rate of the reaction depends on the concentration of substrate. This is a zero-order reaction.
At infinitely small concentration of S, the rate of the reaction depends on the concentration of substrate. This is a first-order reaction.
At infinitely small concentration of S, the rate of the reaction does not depend on the concentration of substrate. This is a zero-order reaction.
At infinitely small concentration of S, the rate of the reaction does not depend on the concentration of substrate. This is a first-order reaction.
When the concentration of substrate [S] is equal to the Km of the enzyme, what is true?
The enzyme is operating at its maximum velocity.
The enzyme is operating at three-fourths of its maximum velocity.
The enzyme is operating at half of its maximum velocity.
None of the above
An enzyme with a high Km has a relatively ____ affinity for its substrate, whereas an enzyme with a low Km has a relatively ____ affinity for its substrate.
High, high
High, low
Low, low
Low, high
Which of the following keeps çell membranes in a reduced form?
Glutamine
Glutathione
Glucuronic acid
Glutamic acid
Which of the following sets of enzymes are regulatory ("checkpoint") enzymes in glycolysis?
Glucokinase, SGOT, PFK-1
Glucokinase, SGOT, GLUT-4
Glucokinase, GLUT-4, Pyruvate kinase
Glucokinase, PFK-1, Pyruvate kinase
Consider the following system in equilibrium:
A + B ⇌ C + D
What would happen if more of compound 'B' is added to the system?
The system would shift left to make more of A + B
The system would shift right to make more C + D
The system would not do anything
None of the above
Consider the following system in equilibrium:
A + B ⇌ C + D
What would happen if more of compound 'D' is added to the system?
The system would shift left to make more of A + B
The system would shift right to make more C + D
The system would not do anything
None of the above
Consider the following system in equilibrium:
A + B ⇌ C + D
What would happen if some of compound 'A' is removed from the system?
The system would shift left to make more of A + B
The system would shift right to make more C + D
The system would not do anything
None of the above
Consider the following system in equilibrium:
A + B ⇌ C + D
What would happen if some of compound 'C' is removed from the system?
The system would shift left to make more of A + B
The system would shift right to make more C + D
The system would not do anything
None of the above
