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Ecology/Evolution/Taxonomy Review for Test

Total questions: 81

Worksheet time: 2hrs 25mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

If a scientist in New Zealand was studying how a group of herbivores interacted with a group of omnivores, and all of their abiotic surroundings, what level of ecology would she be studying?

a)

Community

b)

Population

c)

Species

d)

Ecosystem

e)

Biome

2.

Ruby-throated hummingbirds live in woodland areas, but also frequent gardens where flowering plants are plentiful. They hover to feed on flowers, nectar, and sap. During this floral feeding process, the birds pollinate many plants. These tiny birds are omnivores, sometimes feeding on insects and spiders.

a)

Habitat of an autotroph

b)

Niche of an autotroph

c)

Niche of a heterotroph

d)

Habitat of a heterotroph

3.

If there are 100 KJ of energy available at the secondary consumer level, how many KJ of energy are available at the producer level?

a)

10 KJ

b)

1,000 KJ

c)

10,000 KJ

d)

1 KJ

4.

What is a population?

a)

One individual member of a species

b)

a group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area

c)

a community of different species and their environment

5.

One species benefits, the other is unaffected

a)

symbiosis

b)

parasitism

c)

mutualism

d)

commensalism

6.

Honey guide birds alert and direct badgers to bee hives. The badgers then expose the hives and feed on the honey first. Then, the honey guide birds eat as well.

a)

symbiosis

b)

parasitism

c)

mutualism

d)

commensalism

7.

Tapeworms reside in human intestine and take nutrients from the human

a)

symbiosis

b)

parasitism

c)

mutualism

d)

commensalism

8.

Vines grow on a tree. The vines get light but the tree is not affected. What kind of relationship is this?

a)

Competition

b)

Mutualism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Parasitism

9.

The ecological role an organism performs in their specific environment is considered the organism's...

a)

Habitat

b)

Population

c)

Biome

d)

Niche

10.
The fox in this food web would be considered a:
a)
Tertiary Consumer
b)
Producer
c)
Secondary Consumer
d)
Primary Consumer
11.

The populations of which organisms will most likely increase as a result of a disease that suddenly reduced the population of Texas horned lizards?

a)

Grasses and ants

b)

Ants and grasshoppers

c)

Grasshoppers and Texas Cottonmouths

d)

Texas cottonmouths and red shouldered hawks

12.
Where does the energy start in this food chain?
a)
Plant
b)
Sun
c)
Deer
d)
Wolf
13.

Why might an organism have more than one arrow coming FROM them in a food web?

a)

More than one organism may eat them.

b)

They may eat more than one other organism.

c)

This organism gets its energy from multiple sources.

14.

Match the following

a)

Decomposer

1.

This is an organism that breaks down and gains nutrients from dead organisms.

b)

Predator

2.

This is an animal that lives by preying on other animals.

c)

Producer

3.

This is an organism that supplies matter and energy, also known as an autotroph.

d)

Consumer

4.

This is an organism that relies on other organisms for its food and energy supply; heterotroph

e)

Parasite

5.

This is an organism which feeds on, but usually does not kill, a larger organism

15.

What happens to the amount of available energy in the pyramid as it moves up through the different levels?

a)

it increases

b)

it decreases

c)

it remains the same

16.

In any food web, the organisms that are responsible for converting raw energy into usable chemical energy are collectively called ________ while organisms that recycle the nutrients trapped in dead organisms are collectively called ________.

a)

producers;consumers

b)

producers; decomposers

c)

consumers; decomposers

17.
a stable ecological community that has reached equilibrium
a)
ecological succession 
b)
climax community
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
18.
succession that occurs in an area where soil is already present
a)
ecological succession 
b)
primary succession 
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
19.

Primary succession occurs in areas with:

a)

very little soil

b)

lots of soil

c)

no soil

d)

soil that has been disturbed

20.

Which would result in primary succession?

a)

volcano destroying habitat leaving only soil and ash

b)

Tornado destroying a crop leaving very little soil

c)

Glacier retreating exposing bare rock

d)

limiting factors

21.

What do we call the first species that colonize a new area?

a)

Foreign Species

b)

Pioneer Species

c)

Intraspecies

d)

Interspecies

22.

Which of the following are examples of pioneer species? (select all that apply)

a)

Maple Tree

b)

Grass

c)

Lichens

d)

Moss

23.
Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as
a)
vestigial structures
b)
analogous structures
c)
homologous structures
d)
fossil structures
24.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
25.
A farmer's use of the best livestock for breeding is an example of
a)
natural selection
b)
artificial selection
c)
extinction
d)
adaptation
26.
When scientists compare the amino acid sequences for the red blood cell protein hemoglobin between various species, what can they determine about the evolutionary relationship between the species?
a)
It can be determined how efficient hemoglobin is for different species
b)
It can provide evidence about the relatedness of the different species: if they are more similar they have a more recent common ancestor.
c)
It cannot determine relatedness between different species, only individuals of the same species
d)
It can show which species evolved first
27.
The Table below shows the # of differences in amino acids in a protein called “Cytochrome C” when comparing humans to other organisms. The protein is used by many plants and animals to convert energy in cells.
List the 4 closest human relatives based on this biochemical comparison.
a)
chimpanzee, horse, rattlesnake, snapping turtle
b)
chimpanzee, gorilla, rhesus monkey, horse
c)
fruit fly, bread mold, tuna fish, snapping turtle
d)
gorilla, rhesus monkey, rattlesnake, gorilla
28.
The forelimbs of vertebrates, like the ones pictured here, are similar in terms of number of bones and the orientation of bones. Which best describes how comparing homologous structures provides evidence of evolution?
a)
The genes for the body plan and forelimb layout were present in a common ancestral species vertebrates share, thus passed onto all vertebrates.
b)
Similar anatomical structures show how animals adapt to changing environments
c)
Homologous structures show that different species evolve at different rates
d)
Homologous structures don’t actually provide evidence for evolution
29.

The fossils found closer to the surface of the ground are generally -


(a)  
Choose from the below words
Younger & more complex
Older & simpler
Younger & simpler
Older & more complex
30.

A bat wing and a butterfly wing are both used for flying but they are made differently. What type of structure is this?

a)

Homologous structure

b)

Analogous structure

c)

Vestigial structure

d)

Fossil structure

31.

A human arm and a whale fin have similar bone structure but the whale fin is used for swimming and the arm is used for reaching and grabbing. What type of structures are these?

a)

Homologous structures

b)

Analogous structures

c)

Vestigial structures

d)

Fossil structures

32.

When comparing the DNA of two different organisms, the more differences in the DNA base pairs the more-

a)

Closely related they are.

b)

Distantly related they are.

c)

It doesn't prove anything.

d)

They look alike.

33.

The moth wing and the bat wing are example of structures.


(a)  
Choose from the below words
Analogous
Homologous
Vestigial
Fossil
34.

What type of evidence is shown with the diagram above?

a)

Molecular

b)

Anatomical

c)

Embryological

d)

Fossil

35.

The similarities of bone structure in the diagram provide evidence of what?

a)

The organisms probably use there forelimbs for the same thing.

b)

The organisms evolved from a common ancestor.

c)

The organisms have the same DNA.

d)

All vertebrate species have identical forelimbs.

36.

Match the following

a)

Analogous Structure

1.

Same function different structure

b)

Homologous Structure

2.

Same structure different function

c)

Comparative Embryology

3.

Comparing embryological development of different species

d)

Biochemical Evidence

4.

Comparing DNA and amino acid sequences of different species

e)

Vestigial Structures

5.

Structures in the body of an organism that no longer work.

37.
Survival of the Fittest and Evolution were proposed by what scientist?
a)
Charles Darwin
b)
Albert Einstein
c)
Steven Hawking
d)
Isaac Newton
38.
Where the better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to offspring.
a)
Evolution
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Extinction
d)
Artifical Selection
39.
What is the advantage of having different shaped beaks?
a)
To look different from other species.
b)
To be able to eat the food readily available in the environment.
c)
To protect itself against predators.
d)
To protect itself against prey.
40.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
41.
Mutations are a change in what?
a)
DNA
b)
tRNA
c)
genotype
d)
phenotype
42.
Study of embryos of various organisms to show a common ancestor because of similarities in development
a)
natural selection
b)
embryology
c)
speciation
d)
evolution
43.
Which of the following organisms the kingdom animalia are not closely related?
a)
mouse and hagfish
b)
mouse and lizard
c)
mouse and pigeon
d)
mouse and chimp
44.
Which of the following are examples of evidence for evolution?
a)
Fossils and Cellular Structure
b)
Biological Structures 
c)
Genetics/DNA
d)
All of the Above
45.

Reorder the following taxonomic Categories from least related to most related

a)

Class

b)

Order

c)

Family

d)

Genus

e)

Species

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
46.

Which two taxonomic groups give you the scientific name of an organism?

a)

Class & Family

b)

Domain & Kingdom

c)

The common Name

d)

Genus & Species

47.

Domain, ​ (a)   , Phylum, Class, ​ (b)   , ​ (c)   , Genus, ​ (d)  

Choose from the below words
Kingdom
Order
Family
Species
48.

Mammals belonging to which taxonomic group would be the most closely related?

a)

mammals in the same Order

b)

mammals in the same Genus

c)

mammals in the Class

d)

Mammals in the same Family

49.

The bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana, is most closely related to the

a)

spotted chorus frog, Pseudacris clarki

b)

asian flying frog, Polypedates leucomystax

c)

northern leopard frog, Rana pipiens

d)

african bullfrog, Pyxicephalus adspersus

50.

Which of the two organisms are the most related?

a)

Tiger and Polar Bear

b)

Polar Bear and Mountain Lion

c)

Mountain Lion and Tiger

d)

Zebra and Tiger

51.

Use the dichotomous key to identify Bird X?

a)

Certhidea

b)

Geospiza

c)

Camarhynchus

d)

Platyspiza

52.

Who created the most commonly used system of taxonomy?

a)

Niels Bohr

b)

Watson and Crick

c)

Charles Darwin

d)

Carl Linnaeus

53.

The study of naming and classifying organisms


(a)  
Choose from the below words
Taxonomy
Classification
Dichotomous Key
Cladogram
54.

The system of giving a species a unique name that has two parts (usually in Latin or Greek)


(a)  
Choose from the below words
Binomial nomenclature
Classification
Taxonomy
Dichotomous Key
55.

A tool that provides the reader with two choices that describes the characteristics about items or living things.

a)

Histogram

b)

Cladogram

c)

Dichotomous Key

d)

Textbook

56.

Which of the following is the correct order for least related to most related?

a)

Domain

Kingdom

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species

b)

Species

Kingdom

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Domain

c)

Species

Genus

Family

Order

Class

Phylum

Kingdom

Domain

d)

Domain

Kingdom

Class

Phylum

Order

Genus

Family

Species

57.

Which of the following taxonomic groups would contain the most related set of animals?

a)

Domain

b)

Species

c)

Family

d)

Order

58.

Which of the following pairs of organisms from the table shown to the left would be the most closely related?

a)

Desert iguana and Box turtle

b)

Chuckwalla and Bush anole

c)

Box turtle and Bush anole

d)

Desert iguana and Chuchwalla

59.

Which leaf is shown in the drawing?

a)

Magnolia

b)

Redbud

c)

Sweetgum

d)

None of the above

60.

A student discovers an arachnid with a segmented abdomen, long legs, and a tail with no stinger.

The student uses the dichotomous key below to identify it.

1. a) Abdomen segmented.............go to 2

b) Abdomen not segmented ......go to 4

2. a) Abdomen with tail....................go to 3

b) Abdomen without tail...............go to 5

3. a) Tail with stinger..........................Scorpion

b) Tail without stinger.....................Whip scorpion

4. a) Legs longer than body.............Daddy Long Legs

b) Legs not longer than body……….Wind scorpion

5. a) Covered with spines .......................Mite

b) Few spines.....................................Tick

a)

Whip Scorpion

b)

Daddy Long Legs

c)

Mite

d)

Tick

61.
In this food pyramid, which level has the greatest amount of energy?
a)
Producers
b)
Primary Consumers
c)
Secondary Consumers
d)
Tertiary Consumers
62.

Which of the following is a food chain in the food web?

a)

Rabbit, mountain lion, fox

b)

Grass, grasshopper, frog, snake, hawk

c)

Grass, caterpillar, robin, mountain lion

d)

Tree, deer, mountain lion, fox

63.
Question Image

Match the following:

a)

Producer/Autotroph

1.

Plant

b)

Secondary Consumer

2.

Bird

c)

Tertiary Consumer

3.

Snake

d)

Apex Predator

4.

Owl

e)

Herbivore

5.

Grasshopper

64.

Which of the following would be the Apex Predator?

a)

Hammerhead Shark

b)

Octopus

c)

Phytoplankton

d)

Orca

65.
Use the diagram to answer the question.
The Mayfly is a food source for which 3 organisms?
a)
Frog, Dragon Fly and snake
b)
Frog, trout and dragon fly
c)
Frog, salamander and trout
d)
Frog and phytoplankton
66.

According to this diagram, is the pig more closely related to the dog or kangaroo?

(a)  

67.

What organism on this diagram would have DNA most similar to the penguin?

(a)  

68.

Which species are extinct? (Check all that apply.)

a)

A

b)

D

c)

E

d)

H

e)

J

69.

Which species is a common ancestor for species B and D?

a)

C

b)

F

c)

G

d)

H

e)

K

70.

Which two living organisms are most closely related?

a)

A and B

b)

B and C

c)

C and D

d)

B and D

e)

A and D

71.

Which nitrogen cycle process is occurring when bacteria convert ammonium to nitrite and then into nitrate?

a)

nitrogen fixation

b)

nitrification

c)

denitrification

d)

ammonification

e)

assimilation

72.

Which of these nitrogen cycle processes converts atmospheric nitrogen to a soil form of nitrogen that is usable by plants?

a)

nitrogen fixation

b)

nitrification

c)

denitrification

d)

ammonification

e)

assimilation

73.
Organisms that break down dead plants & animals and release nitrogen back into atmosphere...
a)
bacteria
b)
plants
c)
animals
d)
producers
74.
Plants and animals cannot use nitrogen directly from the air.
a)
True
b)
False
75.
When humans burn fossil fuels, most of the carbon quickly enters the                       as carbon dioxide.
a)
Water
b)
Atmosphere
c)
Sun
d)
Air
76.
How do living organisms return carbon to the atmosphere in the carbon cycle?
a)
respiration and photosynthesis
b)
 decomposition and respiration
77.
Organisms that do not decompose can be buried and become what?
a)
water
b)
nutrients
c)
air
d)
fossil fuels
78.

Which process contributes carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?

a)

respiration

b)

photosynthesis

c)

tree farms

79.

Which process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?

a)

deforestation

b)

tree farms

c)

burning fossil fuels

d)

cellular respiration

80.
Which of the following removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
Combustion
b)
Respiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Death
81.

What do 'plants' do with the carbon they receive?

a)

They turn it into water

b)

They don't need carbon

c)

They turn it into food by photosynthesis

d)

They keep it forever

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