Worksheetsradiology
Total questions: 53
Worksheet time: 27mins
During panoramic positioning of the patient, if the patient's chin is positioned too low, the following will be seen on the processed radiograph
the absence of the patients condyles in the correct anatomical position
open contact on the posterior teeth
detail in the anterior apical regions
a smile line curved downward
the maximum permissible dose of radiation of exposure allowed to a dental auxiliary in a 13-week consecutive period is
3 roentgens
100 mrem
5 rem
6 rad
for intraoral x-rays, what film speed is the fastest and reduces the amount of patient exposure to radiation
D-speed
F-speed
A-speed
H-speed
which of the following choice is TRUE regarding chronic radiation exposure?
exposure to radiation from a nuclear power plant leak is an example of chronic radiation exposure
chronic radiation exposure will not be passed on the future generations
this type of exposure can be easily linked to the source
this type of radiation exposure is a risk to dental staff that process dental radiographs
Which of the following would likely NOT be necessary in the case of an accidental radiation exposure?
evaluate the building
turn the power to the system off immediately
advise exposed individuals to obtain medical care if needed
report the exposure to the Radiation Protection Office (RPO)
which of the following will appear the most radiopaque on a dental radiograph?
composite restorations
gutta percha
amalgam restorations
porcelain crowns
which of the following is a true statement regarding the use of lead aprons and thyroid collars?
the thyroid collar is optional for older adults past childbearing years
lead aprons should be cleaned thoroughly and folded in thirds between patients use
the use of lead aprons and thyroid collars will prevent cancer from developing in the thyroid gland
the apron should cover from the neck to just about the patients knees
what is the most likely reason for a dental radiographer to receive a reading on their personal radiation monitoring device?
failure of the dental radiographer in following the rules of working with radiation, to include not wearing the badge outside of the clinic/practice
expired film
uncooperative patients
faulty radiation-monitoring device
which of the following is a main disadvantage of using digital imaging in dentistry?
the speed of viewing images
the sensor size and thickness
the amount of radiation that a patient is exposed to
the gray-scale resolution
if a dental X-ray tube head has a faulty seal the following will result
the x-ray unit will not turn on
the electrical system of the dental radiography unit will sound an alarm
leakage of radiation
the x-ray unit will not emit radiation/energy to successfully expose a film
why do extraoral cassettes contain an intensifying screen?
filter out soft rays
decrease the effects of radiation
to protect the film
decrease the exposure time
when describing the long axis of a tooth when referring to the paralleling technique, which of the following statements is TRUE?
the long axis of the tooth divides it into equal halves
the long axis of the oath divides it into equal thirds
the long axis can be seen on each tooth
the long axis of the tooth divides it into equal sections, one section contains only the crown of the tooth, and the other section contains only the root pf the tooth
when mounting processed radiographs, which anatomical landmark can assist you in mounting the molar bitewing?
the external oblique
the mandibular canal
the mental foramen
the maxillary sinus
a reversed smile line observed on a panoramic image is likely due to
the patient's spine is not straight
position of the patients chin is too low
the patient's lips were not closed during imaging
position of the patients chin is too high
which of the following is the device the restricts the size and shape of the x-ray beam?
film badge
barrier
filter
collimator
if the kilovolt peak (kVp) setting is lowered, a longer exposure time will be necessary to produce an image with _____ contrast
minimal
low
high
immediate
the optimum storage temperature of dental film is :
50 to 70 F
20 to 40 F
30 to 60 F
80 to 90 F
identify the density and contrast of an image receptor produced using a high kilovolt or kV setting
decreased density, high contrast
decreased density, low contrast
increased density, high contrast
increased density, low contrast
the difference between acute radiation exposure and chronic radiation exposure is
the amount of radiation received and the time frame in which it is absorbed
the type of shattered radiation received
the type of radiation received
the type of wavelengths creating the exposure
which statement best described the effects of long-term low-dose radiation exposure ?
the effect of long-term low-dose radiation exposure can cause changes at the cellular level in the human body that would not be observed for many years
the effect of long-term low-dose radiation exposure can cause changes at the cellular level in the human body that would be observed within 2 years
the effect of long-term low-dose radiation exposure will cause cancer
the effect of long-term low-dose radiation exposure will cause genetic defects for both men and women in their childbearing years
a dental x-ray that has the appearance of the black lines that look like a tree branch is caused by
air bubbles
overexposure
overlapped films
static electricity
in an automatic processor, which solution(s) must be kept at a temperature between 80 to 95 degrees?
the developer solution
the fixer solution
the water bath
the fixer and developer solutions
tomography can be best described as
a second name for the production of periapical images
the production of a blurred image
the production of a clear, crisp image
the process of imaging a desired structure while blurring of other areas
which of the following is an accurate description of ionization?
the process of connecting stable atoms into ions
the creation of stable atoms due to radiation striking the nucleus of an ion
the process of particulate radiation striking a cell and destroying the DNA of that cell
the pairing of electrons and protons to create ions
all of the following statements regarding the somatic effect of radiation are TRUE, EXCEPT
x-rays can damage somatic tissues
damage caused radiation from somatic effects is passed on to future generations
one possible somatic effect of radiation is cancer
x-rays affect somatic cells
when considering the use of standard duplicating film, which of the following is correct?
the process of film duplication must occur in the darkroom
duplicated images may only be given to the patients because their quality is too poor to send on to a specialist
only a small amount of additional radiation is needed to produce a duplicated image
the duplicating film is covered with emulsion on both sides, which decreases the amount of time needed to complete the duplication process
which of the following is a correct characteristic of the developing solution
the developer removes any non-energized silver bromide crystals from the image receptor
the developer solution causes the radiopaque areas on the image receptor to appear
the developer solution redo es the silver bromide crystals to black metallic silver
the developer solution hardens the protective layer of there image receipt covering the emulsion
how will fixer spots appear on a processed radiographs
white spots
dark spots
yellow spots
brown spots
the major disadvantage of the bisecting angle technique is that
all exposure time is significantly longer
image distortion is less likely
image distortion is more likely
the amount of radiation absorbed by the patient is increased
the reduce cross contamination during radiographs, the CDC and ADA recommend that the operator do all of the following expect
take complete medical histories
wear gloves
use sterilizable or disposable film holders
dispose of saliva-contaminated film packets carefully
cover control unit tube head with plastic barrier
x-ray exposure time should be increased if the patient is
a large adult
very old
very young
edentulous
before exposing a panoramic radiograph on a patient, the operator should request the removal of all of the following EXCEPT
removable bridgework/dentures
eyeglasses
earring
a watch
a parent refused to have radiographs taken on his/her child. The dental assistant should
explain that the radiographs are necessary for insurance reimbursement
exposure the necessary radiographs without the parents knowledge
inform the dentist and document parent's refusal
refer the parent to another dentist
thyroid collars or lead aprons can also be recorded on radiographic images. this is normally caused by the collar being placed on too loosely or too high on the neck or when the vertical angulation is so steep that collar is projected into the path of the x-ray beam
true
false
when a removable prothesis is left in the mouth during exposure, an image of the appliance will appear superimposed over the tooth
true
false
correctly exposing intra oral receptors include four basic steps
receptor placement, vertical PID (cone) angulation alignment, horizontal PID (cone) angulation alignment, and central ray centering.
receptor removal, vertical PID (cone) angulation alignment, horizontal PID (cone) angulation alignment, and central ray centering
receptor placement, vertical PID (cone) angulation alignment, horizontal PID (cone) angulation alignment, and lateral ray centering
receptor placement, vertical PID (cone) angulation alignment, horizontal PID (cone) angulation alignment, and patient cooperation
A periapical for the maxillary should reflect the Apices Cut Off
true
false
When the receptor Is not placed perpendicular to the occlusal plane, the occlusal will appear slanted or diagonal on the recorded image. This is an example of
tilted occlusal plane
bending
backward placement
film receptor creasing
due to ____ the teeth and surrounding structures results from underangulation of the x-ray beam
beam centering errors
horizontal alignment errors
foreshortening
elongation
Dental professionals should always explain the radiographic procedure to the patient and provide instructions as to what the patient can do to help ensure a quality image, avoid retakes, and reduce radiation exposure. the most common error in this category is movement. Factors causing a patient to move include:
discomfort
patient disability
all of the above
gagging and/or swallowing
unsupported head position
As previously discussed, the ____ is the most accurate intraoral radiographic technique, meeting four of the five principles of accurate image projection
periapical
bitewing technique
bisecting angle technique
paralleling technique
The _____ technique is accomplished by placing the receptor as close to the tooth as possible. The central ray of the x-ray beam should be directed perpendicular to an imaginary line that divides the angle formed by the long axis of the tooth and the plane of the image receptor
Bitewing technique
Bisecting Angle Technique
paralleling technique
The ______ image is used to examine the interproximal surfaces of the teeth and is particularly useful for the detection of dental caries and the evaluation of alveolar come levels. The receptor is placed into the mouth parallel to the crowns of the maxillary and mandibular teeth
Periapical
paralleling technique
bisecting angle technique
bitewing technique
Rigid digital receptors are typically available in sizes 0,1, and 2 while the plate receptors are available in sizes 0,1,2,3, and 4
true
false
Digital imaging like film radiography utilizes x-ray beam collimators to reduce the area of exposure at the skin surface with a preference for rectangular collimation and receptor holding devices to reduce retake
true
false
rectangular collimation more so than round increases both primary and scatter radiation which not only benefits the patient by reducing exposure but also improves image quality
true
false
the majority of technique and exposure errors can be produced with digital receptors as with conventional film with a few exceptions. The greatest advantage of digital imaging is elimination of _____ which are the most common causes of retakes in film-based radiography
handling errors
processing errors
holding errors
periapical errors
Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered x-rays in
1859
1857
1995
1895
kVp: the power and strength of the x-ray beam (quality of the x-ray)
true
false
mAs: the number of x-ray photons produced by the X-ray tube at the setting selected (quantity of x-rays)
how long the exposure lasts
distant: how far the radiation travels
decrease: usage of lower voltage
increase: average photon energy
incorrect horizontal angulation of the primary beam produces
shortening of the image of the tooth
overlapping of proximal surfaces
lengthening of the image of the tooth
overlapping of proximal surfaces
underexposed receptors result in images that are
too light or low density
too dark or high in density
too dark or low in density
too light or high in density
_____ results when the receptors is exposed twice, and two images appear superimposed onto each other
miscellaneous errors
over exposed image
double exposure
under exposed image
