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AP Human Geography - Languages

Total questions: 35

Worksheet time: 18mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following is the best definition of "language"?

a)

a set of neural patterns that match one's physical, spiritual, and social environments

b)

an informal collection of non-arbitrary signs that correspond to a person's environment

c)

the words and phrases recognized by a government that corresponds to a group of people

d)

a collection of sounds or symbols understood by a group of people to have the same meaning

2.

How did English come to dominate the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand?

a)

contagious diffusion

b)

expansion diffusion

c)

hierarchical diffusion

d)

stimulus diffusion

3.

A common language can bring people together. For instance, the various German states as seen in the picture, came together based on language. This is an example of:

a)

mass cultural mobilization

b)

ethnocentric force

c)

a centrifugal force

d)

a centripetal force

4.

What is the most spoken language worldwide as a first language (L1)?

a)

Arabic

b)

Spanish

c)

Mandarin Chinese

d)

English

5.

Which language is the most common second language (L2) learned in the world?

a)

English

b)

Spanish

c)

German

d)

French

e)

Mandarin Chinese

6.

Parts of Cameroon speak English (in red), while the majority speak French. The English-speaking part of the country is fighting an insurgency against the majority French speakers. This is an example of language functioning as a:

a)

centrifugal force

b)

centripetal force

c)

ethnolinguistic vitality

d)

force maximized linguistic projection

7.

Which of the following countries does NOT have an official language or languages?

a)

Estonia

b)

Greece

c)

United States

d)

Japan

e)

Egypt

8.

English is classified as a ____________ language within the Indo-European language family.

a)

Indo-Iranian

b)

Slavic

c)

Celtic

d)

Germanic

e)

Romance

9.

Which of the following groups did NOT contribute directly to the development of Old English?

a)

Angles

b)

Saxons

c)

Greeks

d)

Jutes

10.

English has been influenced significantly by French and Latin. How did this occur?

a)

Napoleonic Wars

b)

Norman Conquest of 1066

c)

Hundred Years War

d)

British involvement in WWI and WWII

11.

Which form of diffusion is responsible for the usage of French in Burkina Faso?

a)

contagious diffusion

b)

relocation diffusion

c)

hierarchical diffusion

d)

maladaptive diffusion

12.

English has become the de facto language of international communication. English is, therefore, a global ____________.

a)

Germanic language diffusion

b)

lingua franca

c)

Latin export

d)

cultural diffusion product

13.

There are various forms of German spoken in Germany. Examples of these are Bavarian, Swabian, Alemannic, Platt, and Kölsch. What are these called?

a)

lingua francas

b)

subvariants

c)

dialects

d)

ethnolinguistic linguas

14.

Why are dialects less prominent in the United States than in Germany or the United Kingdom?

a)

Germany and the UK have natural physical barriers to linguistic diffusion.

b)

A high degree of interregional mobility in the US.

c)

Germany is an older country than the United States.

d)

The United States actually has more linguistic diversity than Germany or the UK.

15.

What is rapidly becoming the lingua franca of East Africa in countries like Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda?

a)

Chinese

b)

French

c)

Swahili

d)

Arabic

e)

Bambara

16.

5 million people in Ghana speak a simplified form of English as their native language. It has simplified grammar and limited vocabulary. This is known as a __________ language.

a)

pidgin

b)

creole

c)

dialect

d)

lingua franca

17.

Russian and Norwegian traders in the 1700 and 1800s developed a simplified language combining Russian and Norwegian into Russenorsk. This is an example of a ____________.

a)

pidgin

b)

creole

c)

dialect

d)

ethnolect

18.

Haitians speaks a standardized form of French that is quite different from standard French. Because it has become official, it is known as a ___________.

a)

sociolect

b)

dialect

c)

creole

d)

pidgin

19.

50% of people in the world speak a language from this language family as their native language. What language family is this?

a)

Basque

b)

Sino-Tibetan

c)

Uralic

d)

Indo-European

e)

Caucasian

20.

Hindi (India), Farsi (Iran, Afghanistan), and Urdu (Pakistan) are all members of the same language family as:

a)

English

b)

Chinese

c)

Japanese

d)

Swahili

e)

Arabic

21.

Estonian, which is NOT an Indo-European language, belongs to which language family? This family includes Finnish and Hungarian.

a)

Uralic

b)

Altaic

c)

Sino-Tibetan

d)

Caucasian

22.

Which of the following is NOT an Afro-Asiatic language?

a)

Hebrew

b)

Arabic

c)

Turkish

d)

Berber

e)

Somali

23.

Where would you find Niger-Congo languages?

a)

Sub-Saharan Africa

b)

North Africa

c)

Middle East

d)

Central Asia

24.

Which of the following is NOT a Niger-Congo language?

a)

Bambara

b)

Swahili

c)

Zulu

d)

Fula

e)

Somali

25.

Where would you NOT find an Austronesian language spoken widely?

a)

Indonesia

b)

Malaysia

c)

Madagascar

d)

Philippines

e)

Vietnam

26.

Which of the following is not an isolated language in its own family?

a)

Sandawe (Africa)

b)

Haida (North America)

c)

Ainu (Japan, Eastern Russia)

d)

Basque (Spain, France)

e)

Hebrew (Israel officially)

27.

Which of the following languages does NOT use the Latin based alphabet?

a)

English

b)

Serbian

c)

Estonian

d)

Vietnamese

e)

Brazilian Portuguese

28.

Which of the following languages does NOT use a Cyrillic based alphabet?

a)

Bulgarian

b)

Russian

c)

Ukrainian

d)

Latvian

e)

Serbian

29.

Coptic was once spoken widely in Egypt. It has been replaced by Arabic through expansion and hierarchical diffusion. Coptic is an example of ______________.

a)

an endangered language

b)

a lingua franca

c)

a moribund language

d)

an extinct language

30.

The Sami language, a Uralic language spoken in northern Finland, Sweden, and Norway, is only spoken by 30,000 people. It is, therefore, _____________.

a)

an endangered language

b)

an extinct language

c)

a creole language

d)

a pidgin language

31.

Which language is most famous for being a revived language?

a)

Latin

b)

Berber

c)

Hebrew

d)

Swahili

e)

Sanskrit

32.

The Sami language, a Uralic language spoken in northern Finland, Sweden, and Norway, is only spoken by 30,000 people. It is, therefore, _____________.

a)

an endangered language

b)

an extinct language

c)

a creole language

d)

a pidgin language

33.

Which of the following is NOT an extinct language?

a)

Hittite

b)

Gothic

c)

Sanskrit

d)

Hunnish

e)

Welsh

34.

Linguistic differences are acting as centrifugal forces in all but which country?

a)

Belgium

b)

Spain

c)

Cameroon

d)

Austria

e)

Canada

35.

Which of the following is NOT a member of the Indo-European language family?

a)

Spanish

b)

English

c)

Farsi

d)

Hindi

e)

Hebrew