wayground logo

Free Printable Worksheets

Font size

S
M
L
XL
Worksheets

03.16_Test (Fossils, Adaptations, Mutations)

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 36mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What causes mutations?

a)

Passed from one organism to another through the air

b)

Mistakes in replication or environmental substances

c)

Amino Acids

d)

It's how you're born

2.

What type of mutation involves adding or deleting bases from the DNA, which results in new codons (by causing a shift in the reading of codons)?

a)

Substitution mutation

b)

Frameshift mutation

c)

Point mutation

d)

Silent mutation

3.

Three nucleotides in a row of DNA or mRNA are called a ___.

a)

codon

b)

ribosome

c)

nucleic acid

d)

protein

4.

Which of the following terms describes a change in the DNA sequence?

a)

replication

b)

translation

c)

mutation

d)

transcription

5.

When species do not have the traits necessary to survive, what can happen to them?

a)

fossils

b)

extinction

c)

evolution

d)

adaptation

6.

When scientists bring back species that have gone extinct, what is it called?

a)

de-extinction

b)

assisted reproduction

c)

restoring biodiversity

d)

recovery

7.

What is the purpose of an evolutionary tree?

a)

to show how different trees are related to each other

b)

to show how beneficial mutations make species go extinct

c)

to explore the origin of life on Earth

d)

To show where all of the fossils were discovered

8.

In binomial nomenclature, which language is used?

a)

english

b)

latin

c)

mandolorian

d)

egyptian

9.

What tool evolved over time for the finches?

a)

screwdrivers

b)

beaks

c)

wrenches

d)

claws

10.

Which of these is NOT an example of limiting factors?

a)

predation

b)

space

c)

food

d)

migration

11.

Which of the following describes differential reproductive success?

a)

variation of a species surviving by chance

b)

variation of a species surviving by echibiting the best adaptations

c)

variation of a species surviving by producing the most offspring

12.

If the population of deer increases, then the population of mountain lions will ____.

a)

increase

b)

decrease

c)

remain constant

13.

Opossums play dead to trick their predators.  What type of adaptation is this?

a)

Physical

b)

Behavioral

c)

Structural

d)

Migration

14.

Why would a rabbit’s fur be brown in the summer and white in the winter?

a)

The rabbit likes to change its fur color

b)

The rabbit learned to do this from its parents

c)

The change of fur color helps camouflage it

d)

So that predators can find it easier

15.

A bat wing and a butterfly wing are both used for flying, but they are made differently.  What type of structure is this?

a)

Homologous structure

b)

Analogous structure

c)

Vestigial structure

d)

Fossilized structure

16.

A human arm and a porpoise fin have similar bone structure, showing relatedness, but they serve different purposes.  What type of structures are these?

a)

homologous structure

b)

analogous structure

c)

vestigial structure

d)

fossilized structure

17.

What are the scientists that study fossils called?

a)

geologists

b)

paleontologists

c)

biologists

d)

chemists

18.

A fossilized footprint would be classified as which type of fossil?

a)

trace

b)

mold

c)

cast

d)

index

19.

The age of a rock layer compared to the ages of the surrounding rock layers.

a)

relative age

b)

absolute age

c)

comparative age

d)

index fossil

20.

​ (a)   was a naturist, who studied​ (b)   on the Galapogos island.

Choose from the below words
Charles Darwin
plants and animals
Robert hooke
Watson and Crick
airplanes
HMS Beagel
21.

​ (a)   selection is when humans choose traits of an organism like breeding dogs

Choose from the below words
Artificial
Natural
Analogous traits
22.

vestigial structures, like the tail bone, are

a)

No longer used

b)

Serve an important role in our body

c)

allow us to connect with animals

d)

serve multi-purposes

23.
Where the better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to offspring.
a)
Evolution
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Extinction
d)
Artifical Selection
24.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
25.
The trees these moths used to live on were white, but have been covered in soot from coal factories. Which moth will be more successful in this environment?
a)
Dark moth
b)
Light moth
c)
Both will be equally successful
d)
Neither will be successful
26.
Which best describes mutations?
a)

Always helpful

b)

Always harmful

c)

Can be helpful, harmful, or neutral

d)

Always neutral

27.
Study of embryos of various organisms to show a common ancestor because of similarities in development
a)
natural selection
b)
embryology
c)
speciation
d)
evolution
28.
The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?
a)
Fossil A and C are the same age
b)
Fossil B is older than fossil C
c)
Fossils A is older than fossil B
d)
Fossil D is older than fossil C
29.

Whales are aquatic mammals that contain a pelvis (hip) bone. Even though it does not aid in its movement, the function must have been used by a common ancestor of the whale. Thus, the pelvis is referred to as a(n)

a)

vestigial structure

b)

analogous structure

c)

homologous structure

30.
The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment 
a)
diversity.
b)
evolution
c)
adaptation
d)
 fitness
31.
Where humans have bred organisms together based on traits we like.
a)
Evolution
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Extinction 
d)
Artificial Selection
32.
Genetic differences between organisms of the same species
a)
Variation
b)
Adaptation
c)
Behavior
d)
Environment
33.
An error in DNA copying that results in a new trait
a)
Homeostasis
b)
Mutation
c)
Natural Selection
d)
Selective Breeding
34.

What type of evidence is shown with the diagram above?

a)

Molecular

b)

Anatomical

c)

Embryological

d)

Fossil

35.

Mutations are always bad

a)

true

b)

false

36.

Which of the following is an example of a beneficial mutation?

a)

When an organism's lifespan becomes shorter.

b)

When an organism becomes unable to reproduce.

c)

When an organism's body becomes deformed.

d)

When an organism develops immunity to a disease.

37.

A parent that has a mutation to their skin cells can pass this mutation to their offspring

a)

True

b)

False

38.

Original: ATC CAT

Mutation: ATC GCAT

What mutation occurred?

a)

deletion

b)

insertion

c)

silent

d)

transverse

39.

What is a type of Mutation?

a)

Deletions

b)

Insertions

c)

Substitutions

d)

All of the Above

40.

True or false, mutations create genetic diversity?

a)

True

b)

False

41.
What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?
a)

Phe

b)

Tyr

c)

Leu

d)
Stop codon
42.

In DNA, adenine base pairs (bonds with) ______________.

a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
43.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
44.

What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUA

a)
Met-Pro-Ala-Val
b)
Met-Pro-Val
c)
Tyr-Gly-His
d)
Tyr-Gly-Arg-His
45.

A characteristic or trait that helps an organism survive in its environment is a/an ​ ​ (a)  

Choose from the below words
adaptation
skill
variation
natural instinct
46.

An inherited trait that helps those organisms that have it to survive

a)

niche

b)

structure

c)

characteristic

d)

adaptation

47.
Which feature helps an animal hide from other animals?
a)
looking like a dangerous animal
b)
being the same color as the place it lives (camoflauge)
c)
having sharp claws or a strong shel
d)
having only a few young and caring for them
48.

Which of the following is an inherited trait?

a)

swimming

b)

eye color

c)

skateboarding

d)

callused fingers

49.

Summarize the Law of Superposition

a)

The youngest rocks are located at the bottom of the rock layers

b)

The oldest rocks are located at the bottom of the rock layers

c)

The ages of the rocks are mixed between the layers of the rock

d)

The ages of all the rocks are the same throughout all the layers

50.
The Principle of Cross-Cutting Relationships states that an igneous intrusion is 
a)
always younger than the layers it cuts across
b)
always older than the layers it cuts across
c)
the same age as the rock it melted
d)
none of the answers are correct