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WorksheetsTopic 1 Review
Total questions: 76
Worksheet time: 42mins
The process of DNA Fingerprinting is based on the fact that
everyone has the exact same DNA.
no 2 people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA as someone else.
most genes are dominant.
None of the other answer choices are correct.
(GAAT) (GAAT) (GAAT) (GAAT) is an example of:
restriction fragments.
DNA fingerprinting.
PCR.
STR.
The total amount of DNA in a cell, which is contained in the cell's nucleus (nuclear DNA) and mitochondria (mtDNA), is called the human:
genome.
gene.
allele.
RNA.
Which method is used to identify different STR markers?
x-raying DNA samples
extracting the mtDNA from the gene
adding fluorescent dyes to the PCR reaction
calculating the allele frequency
What material is used to isolate and cut DNA?
separating enzymes
restriction enzymes
PCR
base pairs
Name a method of separating molecules, such as DNA, based on their size
electrophoresis
restriction enzymes
STR
PCR
Amplifying trace samples of DNA is called
introns
restriction enzymes
STR
PCR
If guanine makes up 19% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA from an organism, then cytosine would make up _____ percent of the bases.
19%
62%
31%
38%
What is the purpose of PCR?
To produce millions of copies of the DNA genome
To produce millions of copies of a specific region of DNA
To add nucleotides to a DNA sequence
To watch polymerase work.
What happens in the denature step of PCR?
The DNA nucleotides are broken apart.
The base-pairing rules for DNA are reversed.
The double-stranded DNA is separated into two single strands of DNA.
The DNA is returned to its natural setting.
At what temperature does the denature step of PCR occur?
94-96° C
50-65° C
72° C
Any temperature
At what temperature does the extension step of PCR occur?
94-96°C
50-65°C
72°C
Any temperature
What happens during the anneal step of PCR?
Primers are created.
The primers attach to the target DNA region.
Primers copy the new DNA strand.
Primers sequence DNA
What is the function of a primer?
To identify the particular region of DNA to be copied by PCR.
To copy DNA.
To create DNA nucleotides.
To maintain the temperature of the PCR reaction.
From where does Taq polymerase come?
Bacteria that live in hydrothermal vents/hot springs.
Pig cells
The rain forest
A Day Spa
DNA has a ___________ charge and will migrate through a gel towards the ___________ electrode.
positive, negative
positive, positive
negative, positive
negative, negative
Larger DNA fragments move through a gel _____________ smaller DNA fragments.
faster than
at the same rate as
slower than
Which two DNA fragments are the same size?
Which lane of the gel has a DNA fragment that is about 700 base pairs?
2
3
4
5
All cells carry the entire genome of an organism apart from:
hair follicles and gametes.
skin cells and gametes.
gametes and red blood cells.
gametes.
Gene expression is the ability for a gene to be:
in the genome.
transcribed.
non-coding.
a dominant allele.
Which RNA type is the result of transcription?
tRNA
Non-coding RNA
rRNA
mRNA
Which of the following is correct?
Nucleotide triplets code a single amino acid.
Each amino acid codes a nucleotide.
Each nucleotide codes an amino acid.
Amino acid triplets code a single nucleotide.
RNA substitutes uracil for which nucleotide?
Adenine
Cytosine
Guanine
Thymine
Epigenetic factors affect phenotype because...
they can up-regulate gene expression
high temperature causes us to sweat and turn red, which changes our appearance
certain nucleotides in the mRNA sequence get methylated
some nucleotides in the DNA sequence have a methyl group added to them
Translation is a process where:
a polypeptide sequence is produced from a sequence of rRNA codons.
a polypeptide sequence is produced from a sequence of tRNA codons.
a polypeptide sequence is produced from a sequence of mRNA codons.
a DNA nucleotide sequence is used to produce mRNA codon sequence.
Epigenetics modulates genetic expression:
differently in each cell in the body.
by altering the genome.
in response to only intracellular processes.
consistently throughout an individual's life.
Transcription factors are produced by:
coding DNA.
structural genes.
non-coding DNA and structural genes.
non-coding DNA.
Hox genes are the most powerful control on the morphology of animals. They do this by:
being highly conserved.
coding for the body plan.
coding body segmentation.
regulating transcription of other genes.
Monozygotic twins can look different to one another because:
they have different genetic material from the mother but the same genetic material from the father.
they have different genetic material from the father but the same genetic material from the mother.
the environment is determinative of phenotype.
a mutation has occurred in one twin during embryonic development.
A traumatic event experienced by an organism can affect the health of its children and grandchildren. This can happen through inherited:
epigenetic tags (methylation patterns).
polypetide chains.
transcription factors.
DNA nucleotide patterns.
A split gene includes non-coding introns that are ____________ during post-transcriptional modification.
capped
removed
retained
methylated
DNA methylation patterns are generally:
predictable
substantially altered when an individual smokes.
inherited from the parents.
set early in embryonic development.
The homeobox gene is highly conserved. This shows that:
it is a sequence that is unlikely to mutate.
its role in gene expression is vital to survival.
it is coded for in several places.
it is very powerful; therefore maintained by evolution.
Gene regulation occurs:
only in some cells.
when the variability within the genetic code is insufficiently adaptive for the individual to survive in its environment.
constantly, in all known life forms.
during embryonic development.
Translation in eukaryotes occurs:
outside of the nucleus.
inside of the nucleus.
What is the monomer of DNA?
amino acid
monosaccharide
nucleotide
fatty acid and glycerol
What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
phosphate group
nitrogen base
sugar
fatty acid
This is what part of the nucleotide?
phosphate group
nitrogen base
sugar
fatty acid
This is what part of the nucleotide?
phosphate group
nitrogen base
sugar
fatty acid
This is what part of the nucleotide?
phosphate group
nitrogen base
sugar
fatty acid
What sugar is found in a nucleotide of DNA?
deoxyribose
ribose
trioxyribose
oxyribose
The twisted ladder shape of DNA is called a ______________?
twisted noddle
winding helix
double helix
triple helix
Which nitrogenous base or bases correctly matches up with Cytosine?
adenine
thymine
guanine
uracil
Which nitrogenous base or bases correctly matches up with guanine?
adenine
thymine
cytosine
uracil
Which nitrogenous base or bases correctly matches up with adenine?
guanine
thymine
cytosine
uracil
Which nitrogenous base or bases correctly matches up with thymine?
guanine
adanine
cytosine
uracil
Two hydrogen bonds hold together which two hydrogen bases?
A & T
G & C
A & C
T & G
Three hydrogen bonds hold together which two hydrogen bases?
A & T
G & C
A & U
T & G
Adenine and Thymine are said to be ____________ base-pairs.
matching
complementary
incongruous
discordant
What is the correct matching sequence to the following DNA Strand?
ATTCGCGA
TAAGCGCT
TAAGAGCT
TAAGCGCA
CAAGCGCT
What is a long chain of amino acids called?
Polysaccharide
Lipid
Carbohydrate
Polypeptide
Nucleic acid
What is the name of the bond that joins two amino acids together?
Ester bond
Glycosidic bond
Peptide bond
Nucleic bond
All proteins
have a unique structure that determines their unique function.
are exactly the same in function but different in structure.
are exactly the same in structure but different in function.
are enzymes.
Proteins are made of
CHO
CHON
CHONP`
CHONS
This is one job proteins do NOT have in the body
insulation
structure for tissues and organs
speeds up chemical reactions
transport things through cell membrane
