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Muscle Physiology Test

Total questions: 76

Worksheet time: 42mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which is NOT a function of the muscular system? 
a)
Generating Heat
b)
Cleaning out toxins
c)
Maintaining Posture
d)
Dilating and constricting the pupil
2.
Thick filaments are also know as:
a)
Actin
b)
Myosin
c)
Troponin
d)
Tropmyosin
3.
Fast Twitch fibers are usually which color? 
a)
Red
b)
White
4.
Can muscle contractions occur without the prescence of oxygen?
a)
No
b)
Yes
5.
What is a segment of a myofibril and one contractile unit called?
a)
Sarcomere
b)
Myofilament
c)
Muscle Fiber
d)
Fasicle
6.
The I-band consists of:
a)
Actin
b)
Myosin
c)
Actin + Myosin
d)
Nothing
7.
What is the boundary of the sarcomere? 
a)
H Zone
b)
M Line
c)
I Band
d)
Z Line
8.
Out of the three ways to make ATP, which method uses oxygen to create 36 ATP/1 Glucose
a)
Creatine Phosphate
b)
Aerobic Respiration
c)
Anaerobic
9.
Out of the three ways to make ATP, which method does not use oxygen and only creates 2 ATP/1 Glucose
a)
Creatine Phosphate
b)
Aerobic Respiration
c)
Anaerobic Glycolosis
10.
What is an isometric contraction? 
a)
When muscle shortens or lengthens
b)
When muscle stays the same size
11.
Which neurotransmitter initiates an action potential in the sarcolemma?
a)
Actin
b)
Calcium Ions
c)
Serotonin
d)
Acetylcholine
12.
When is lactic acid formed?
a)
Aerobic respiration
b)
Anaerobic respiration
c)
Creatine phosphate
13.
Which allows for endurance training or prolonged activity?
a)
Aerobic Respiration
b)
Anaerobic Glycolysis
c)
Creatine Phosphate
14.
Z represents
a)
Dendrite
b)
Axon Terminal
c)
Neurotransmitters
d)
Synapse
15.
What are the two ions transported across the membrane in an action potential?
a)
O2- and K+
b)
K+ and Na+
c)
Ca+2 and B+3
d)
Na+1 and Cl
16.
What is the name of the protein myofilament that pulls the actin towards the center of the Sarcomere?
a)
Fascicle
b)
Actin
c)
Myosin
d)
Titin
17.
Which one of the following is a key characteristic of slow twitch muscle fibers? 
a)
They contain large amounts of Mitochondria
b)
They are fast to fatigue
c)
They are recruited last
d)
They contain low numbers of Mitochondria
18.
Which one of the following is a key characteristic of Fast Twitch B muscle fibers? 
a)
They are Red in color, meaning they contain a lot of mitochondria
b)
They contract rapidly with great force but fatigue fast (as they use creatine phosphate pathway)
c)
They are recruited for long duration activities
d)
They contain high numbers of Mitochondria
19.
What is atrophy?
a)
An increase in muscle mass
b)
A decrease in muscle mass
20.
What is hypertrophy?
a)
An increase in muscle mass
b)
A decrease in muscle mass
21.
Which statement about a tetanus is false?
a)
It is a maximum sustained contraction
b)
It is caused by stimulating contraction before a muscle has time to relax
c)
It remains contracted until the muscle fatigues
d)
It is caused by allowing the muscle to relax too many times between contractions.
22.
What type of muscle moves liquids and solids through passageways?
a)
Cardiac
b)
Smooth
c)
Skeletal
23.
A motor unit is made up of _______________.
a)
all the muscle fibers within a given muscle
b)
a motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates
c)
all the neurons going into an individual section of the body
d)
a fascicle and a nerve
24.
The muscle that contracts during movement is called the
a)
agonist
b)
antagonist
c)
synergist
25.
The cell membrane of a muscle cell is called the?
a)
Sarcoplasm
b)
Sarcolemma
c)
Z-Line
d)
A-Band
26.
The ________ functions in storing Ca2. 
a)
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
b)
T Tubules
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Fascicle
27.
Tendons connect muscle to bone.
a)
True
b)
False
28.
The thin filament component of the sarcomere is called
a)
actin
b)
myosin
29.
The myosin filaments are found within the 
a)
A band
b)
B band
c)
The band
d)
I band
30.
Into what does the neuron release its neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junction?
a)
motor end plate
b)
)cytoplasm of the muscle cell
c)
cisternae
d)
synapse
31.

What is the initial energy source for muscle contraction?

a)

creatine Phosphate

b)

stored ATP

c)

glycolysis

d)

aerobic

32.
Number 3 represents which of the following events
a)
action potential reaches the axon terminal
b)
sodium rushes into the muscle fiber
c)
potassium leaving the muscle fiber
d)
ACh crossing the synaptic cleft
33.
What is the name of the protein myofilament that pulls the actin towards the center of the Sarcomere?
a)
Fascicle
b)
Actin
c)
Myosin
d)
Titin
34.
Which one of the following is a key characteristic of slow twitch muscle fibers? 
a)
They contain large amounts of Mitochondria
b)
They are fast to fatigue
c)
They are recruited last
d)
They contain low numbers of Mitochondria
35.
the chemical that accumulates in muscles when oxygen is depleted
a)
myoglobin
b)
hemoglobin
c)
lactic acid
d)
carbon dioxide
36.
What two chemicals are necessary for muscle contraction to occur?
a)
Niacin and Potassium
b)
Calcium and ATP
c)
Sodium and Potassium
d)
Ach and Potassium
37.
situation in which muscle loses its ability to contract, due to being used strenuously for a long period of time
a)
muscle pain
b)
muscle cramp
c)
muscle fatigue
d)
oxygen debt
38.
What is hypertrophy?
a)
An increase in muscle mass
b)
A decrease in muscle mass
39.
A motor unit is made up of _______________.
a)
all the muscle fibers within a given muscle
b)
a motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates
c)
all the neurons going into an individual section of the body
d)
a fascicle and a nerve
40.

The smallest unit of contraction is the

a)

Myosin

b)

Sarcomere

c)

Myofibril

d)

Fascicle

41.

Which type of muscle tissue is involuntary?

a)

Skeletal muscle

b)

Cardiac muscle

c)

Smooth muscle

42.

This graph is an example of

a)

Fused Tetanus

b)

Unfused Tetanus

c)

Twitch

43.

This structure stores calcium in the muscle cell

a)

Sarcolemma

b)

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

c)

Sarcomere

44.

This is a picture of

a)

Tropomyosin

b)

Actin

c)

Myosin

d)

The thin filament

45.

What is listed from smallest to largest correctly?

a)

Sarcomere, fascicle, muscle fiber

b)

Myofibril, sarcomere, fascicle

c)

Sarcomere, myofibril, muscle fiber

d)

Myofibril, fascicle, sarcomere

46.

Which is more resistant to fatigue?

a)

Type I

b)

Type IIx

47.

What would skeletal muscles use for fuel during aerobic respiration? Hint- think dark meat of a chicken...

a)

glucose

b)

fat

c)

creatine phosphate

d)

glycogen

48.
Anaerobic respiration
a)
causes fatigue
b)
produces lactic acid
c)
produces oxygen debt
d)
all of these
49.
Which of the following MUST be present for aerobic respiration? 
a)
carbon dioxide
b)
lactic acid 
c)
glucose
d)
oxygen
50.
The part of a skeletal muscle from z-line to z-line is called
a)
nucleus
b)
H-zone
c)
perimysium
d)
sarcomere
51.
a)
Flexion
b)
extension
c)
abduction
d)
adduction
52.
a)
Flexion
b)
extension
c)
abduction
d)
adduction
53.

Myofibrils are composed primarily of

a)

actin and myosin

b)

ATP and ADP

c)

Troponin

d)

Tropomyosin

54.

Which of the following muscle types are voluntary?

a)

Skeletal

b)

Cardiac

c)

Smooth muscle

55.

What are the three types of muscles?

a)

voluntary, smooth, cardiac

b)

cardiac, skeletal, nervous

c)

cardiac, smooth, skeletal

d)

smooth, cardiac, stomach

56.

When recruitment occurs, the number of motor units being activated

a)

increases

b)

decreases

57.

What is the name of the plasma membrane surrounding each muscle fiber?

a)

T Tubule

b)

Sarcolemma

c)

Sarcoplasm

d)

Nucleus

58.

A ___________________ is a single muscle cell.

a)

myofilament

b)

myofibril

c)

muscle fasciculus

d)

whole skeletal muscle

e)

muscle fiber

59.

The ______________ consists of only actin myofilaments.

a)

A band

b)

I band

c)

H zone

d)

M line

e)

Z disk

60.

The condition in which a muscle remains contracted between stimuli without relaxing is called

a)

recruitment.

b)

tetanus.

c)

the all-or-none response.

d)

a motor unit.

e)

the lag phase.

61.

Which of the following motor units would allow for greater, more precise, muscular control?

a)

A motor unit made up of a motor neuron and 5 muscle fibers.

b)

A motor unit made up of a motor neuron and 10 muscle fibers.

c)

A motor unit made up of a motor neuron and 20 muscle fibers.

d)

A motor unit made up of a motor neuron and 100 muscle fibers.

e)

A motor unit made up of a motor neuron and 1000 muscle fibers.

62.

What neurotransmitter travels from the presynaptic vesicles to the postsynaptic membrane via the synaptic cleft?

a)

Acetylcholine

b)

Calcium

c)

Sodium

d)

Potassium

e)

Histamine

63.

Which of these occurs first during a muscle contraction?

a)

The nerve signal reaches the neuromuscular junction

b)

Ach is released and opens Na ion channels

c)

The sarcomere shortens

d)

The myosin binds to the actin

64.

Which of these occurs last during a muscle contraction?

a)

The nerve signal reaches the neuromuscular junction

b)

Ach is released and opens Na ion channels

c)

The sarcomere shortens

d)

The myosin binds to the actin

65.

What does "optimal length" mean when describing a muscle contraction?

a)

When the most binding sites are available to form the most crossbridges

b)

When the sarcomere is at its shortest length

c)

When the sarcomere is at its greatest length

d)

When the thin filaments overlap each other

66.

When you stop exercising, your muscles will

a)

Hypertrophy

b)

Subtrophy

c)

Peritrophy

d)

Atrophy

67.

What is the energy source that is used for all contractions?

a)

Glucose

b)

Creatine

c)

ATP

d)

Oxygen

68.

This structure stores calcium in the muscle cell

a)

Sarcolemma

b)

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

c)

Sarcomere

69.

When a muscle contracts, it ____________

a)

gets longer

b)

gets shorter

c)

gets thinner

d)

grows hair

70.

Place the following events in sequence:

A) Your arm moves

B) An impulse travels along a nerve

C) You decide you want to move your arm.

a)

A B C

b)

C B A

c)

C A B

d)

A C B

71.
Muscle contraction can only take place in the presence of ___________.
a)
calcium
b)
potassium
c)
magnesium
d)
selenium
72.

The all-or-none principle of muscle contraction states what?

a)
Muscle contraction can be controlled and adjusted to different levels of intensity.
b)
Muscle fibers can contract independently of each other.
c)
When a muscle fiber is stimulated to contract, it will contract to its fullest extent or not at all.
d)
When a muscle fiber is stimulated to contract, it will contract partially.
73.
Which type of muscle cells are voluntary? 
a)
Skeletal
b)
Cardiac
c)
Medial 
d)
Smooth 
74.

The specialized part of the cell membrane of the muscle fiber identified as #5

a)

Sodium ion (Na+)

b)

Axon Terminal of Motor Neuron

c)

motor end plate

d)

Vesicle

75.

1. Which of the following is denoted by the letter C?

a)

actin

b)

myosin

c)

myofibril

d)

zwischenscheibe

76.

Which of the following describes the sarcolemma?

a)

dense outer layer of connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle tissue

b)

connective tissue that surrounds groups of 10 to 100 or more muscle fibers

c)

specialized plasma membrane that surrounds each muscle fiber

d)

cytoplasm of the muscle fiber

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