combination of alleles for a particular triat

having two different alleles for a trait

physical characteristics of an organism that show how genes are expressed

a trait that can be hidden by another trait

homozygous organism that always produce offspring with identical triats

a natural law explaining that alternative forms of a gene separate during the formation of gametes

a diagram that shows all possible genes combination for a cros

the study of the relationships between living organism and their environment

all the combined biomes on earth where organism can survive

a community of living organisms plus their non-living environment

different populations that live together in a defined area

characteristics: often physical qulaties such as color, height, etc

the passing of traits from one generation to the next

scientific study of heredity

the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell

part of eukaryotic cell divison during which the cell nucleus divides

a cell replicates its DNA and then divides in half to produce two identical cells

a cellt hat contains two sets of homologous chromosomes

a cell that contains only a single set of genes

substrate found in eukaryotic chromosomes that consists of DNA tightly coiled around histones

region of a chromosome in which the two sister chromatids attach

one of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome

threadlike structure of DNA and protein that contains genetic information

a parent cell divides into two daughter cells

release energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen

used by plants; converts light energy, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose (sugar) and oxygen

a cell to release materials out of the cell

a cell to take in a larger particle

receives energy to move a substance from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration

dissolution of cells especially by and external agent

completely shrink away from the rigid cell wall

osmosis as water enters into a plant cell

found in protists that pumps water out of the cell

equal solute concentrations inside and outside the cell

lower solute concentration in the solution outside the cell then inside causing it to swel

higher solute concentration in the solution outside the cell

concentration of the substance on both sides of the cell membrane in both directions

the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

processes such as osmosis and diffusion that do not reqiure energy from the cell

organelle found in plant cells and plant- like protist such as algae

organism whose cells contain a nucleus

unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus

all living organism are composed of units called cells

variable that is observed and that changes in response to the independent variable

factor in a continued experiment that is deliberately changed

receives one element being tasted

a logical set of steps used by scientists to solve a problem or to answer a scientific question; problem-hypothesis-experiment-results-scientific theory

an experimental that is exposed to the same conditions as the experiential group except for one independent variable

all the organism that live in a place, together in a non-living environment

DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait factor that is passed from the parent to the offspring

relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions that organisms maintain

specializied structure that preforms important cellular functions within a cell

group of similar cells that preform a particular function

group of tissues that work together to perform closely related functions

basic unit of all forms of life

having two of the same alleles for a traits

groups of individuals of the same species that live in the same area

undirected graph in which every vertex can be represented by a closed interval and a real number called its tolerance

an isomer of a molecule that differs from another isomer by the rotation of a single bond in the molecule

a slow, reversible change to the body that allows an organism to handle a different environmen

warm-blooded animals

an organism that makes its own food

an organism that cannot produce its own food and must eat other plants and/or animals to get energ

shows how energy is transferred up food chains that are interlinked with other food chains.

outlines who eats whom

an organism is the position it occupies in a food web

the continuous movement of water within the Earth and atmosphere

nature's way of reusing carbon atoms, which travel from the atmosphere into organisms in the Earth and then back into the atmosphere over and over again

a repeating cycle of processes during which nitrogen moves through both living and non-living things

an area that includes communities of plants and animals that have a common adaptation to that particular environment.

small single-celled organisms, a living organism and can only grow and reproduce in the cells of a host

any animal that lacks a vertebral column, or backbone

An animal that has a backbone and a skeleton

a collection of parts able to work together to serve a common purpose – growth, reproduction and survival.

a non-living part of an ecosystem that shapes its environment

a living organism that shapes its environment.

the net movement of water across a semipermeable membrane

Living things that are capable of reacting to stimuli, reproduction, growth, and homeostasis.

All organisms in an ecosystem depend upon each other.