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WorksheetsQuiz #10 Review
Total questions: 84
Worksheet time: 2hrs 58mins
In eukaryotes, DNA is usually found in the (a) , while in prokaryotes, DNA is found in the (b) .
ribose, hydrogen, nitrogen base
deoxyribose, oxygen, nitrogen base
deoxyribose, phosphate, nitrogen base
ribose, phosphate, protein
What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA?
Adenine
Thymine
Glucose
Guanine
Cytosine
What is the name of the model that Watson and Crick came up with to describe a DNA molecule?
(a)
Which of the following will pair with Adenine?
Guanine
Thymine
Cytosine
During DNA replication, the DNA molecule produces (a) (how many?) new complementary strands.
Each strand of the double helix serves as a (a) for a new strand.
What is the principal enzyme involved in DNA replication
glucose
fructose
DNA Polymerase
Lactase
ATG TGA CAG
A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.
Replication
Translation
Transcription
Protein Synthesis
Which of the following are the bases for RNA?
adenine, uracil, thymine, and guanine
adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine
adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine
adenine, uracil, thymine, and cytosine
Which statement is true about RNA?
RNA is usually single stranded and contains the base uracil
RNA is usually double stranded and contains the base thymine
RNA is made in the nucleus and stays there to carry out its function
All of the above are true.
True or False: RNA uses deoxyribose sugar.
True
False
True or False: Transcription is the process by which the information in a strand of DNA is copied into a messenger RNA (mRNA).
True
False
Transcribe the following DNA strand:
ATAGC
(a)
RNA and DNA have different structures. Which of the following statements are correct?
RNA is double stranded and DNA is single stranded.
RNA and DNA are both single stranded.
RNA is single stranded and DNA is double stranded.
RNA and DNA are both double stranded.
A long chain of amino acids is also known as a _________________. These can contain up to 20 different amino acids.
Polypeptide
Polyploidy
codon
anticodon
Match the mutation name to its description.
Substitution
One nucleotide is substituted for another nucleotide.
Deletion
One nucleotide is deleted from the sequence. This shifts the frame and makes it shorter.
Insertion
A nucleotide is inserted, shifting the frame and making it longer.
DNA REPLICATION occurs...
during prophase
during cytokinesis
during metaphase
during interphase
How does a DNA molecule differ from the parent molecule, after DNA replication?
it is half the old strand, and half a brand new strand
it's pink instead of yellow
it's longer
it has 6 nitrogen bases instead of 4
What do ribosomes do for the cell?
Make proteins for the cell
Package and deliver items in the cell
Produce energy for the cell
Controls what exits/enters the cell
What describes a change in the DNA sequence?
Transcription
Translation
DNA replication
Mutation
Apoptosis
What type of mutation involves substituting a DNA base with a different base?
point mutation
frameshift mutation
silent mutation
chromosomal mutation
What type of mutation involves substituting a DNA base with a different base but still forms the same protein?
point mutation
frameshift mutation
silent mutation
chromosomal mutation
What type of mutation involves adding or deleting bases from the DNA, which results in new codons (a shift in the reading of the codons)?
point mutation
frameshift mutation
silent mutation
chromosomal mutation
Original DNA = TAC GAC TTG AAT
Mutated DNA = TAC GAC TCG AAT
What type of mutation has occurred?
Chromosomal mutation
Point mutation
Frameshift mutation
No mutation occurred
What are considered "negative" mutations?
mutations in the DNA sequence that changes the resulting protein and harms the organism
mutations in the DNA sequence that changes the resulting protein and benefits the organism
mutations in the DNA sequence that produces the same protein
all mutations are considered bad and harm the organisms
What is the term for a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid?
base
codon
amine
serine
How many amino acids are coded for by this sequence of nucleotides:
ATG GGA ACT CCA
4
2
6
12
How many nucleotides make up a codon?
1
3
5
15
How many codons: AAU GCG AUG
9
1
3
15
How many nitrogenous bases? AAU GCG AUG
9
3
1
15
What is the order for Protein Synthesis?
Transcription -> Translation -> Protein
Translation - > Transcription -> Protein
Protein -> Transcription -> Translation
Translation -> Protein -> Transcription
A fish has a Gy genotype, what will its phenotype be?
Mark Mendel
Greg Mendel
Gregor Mendel
Grace Mendel
The alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote are both expressed with no blending.
codominance
incomplete dominance
polygenic
multiple alleles
Sex linked traits affect which biological sex more frequently?
Female
Both sexes equally
Male
This is the practice of inserting the DNA of another species into an organism's DNA so that the organism gains a new trait.
Cloning
Gel Electrophoresis
Genetic Engineering
DNA Fingerprinting
This is the practice of producing a genetically identical cell or organism
Cloning
Gel Electrophoresis
Genetic Engineering
DNA Fingerprinting
This is the practice of cutting DNA and separating it by the size of the pieces
Cloning
Gel Electrophoresis
Genetic Engineering
DNA Fingerprinting
Which kitten is most likely the offspring of this cat?
1
2
3
4
Why did scientists edit the genes of bacteria to produce insulin?
Because the bacteria were diabetic
Because bacteria have simple DNA that is easier to manipulate, making it easy to produce insulin in a lab
Because bacteria's complex DNA was perfect for insulin production
Because insulin has no use outside of a lab setting
This is the practice of choosing individuals of a species to mate based on their desirable characteristics
Bacterial recombination
Natural selection
Genetic modification
Selective breeding
During gel electrophoresis, the _______ pieces of DNA move farthest down the gel
smallest
largest
ugliest
deadliest
A mutation
is always bad for an organism
is always good for an organism
is a change in an organism's DNA
never changes an organism
What is the reason farmers cultivate GMO crops?
Increase Yields
Decrease Pesticide Input Costs
Save Time
All of the Above
What percent of foods in U.S. supermarkets are estimated to contain one ingredient that is derived from GMO crops?
50
60
70
80
In which country are the most GMO crops grown?
China
Brazil
Argentina
United States
Canada
Which of the following fruits and vegetables don't have genetically engineered varieties?
Sugar Beets
Papayas
Yellow and green squash
Blueberries
What does the cas9 protein do?
Prevents viruses from entering bacteria
Cut RNA
Cut DNA
Binds to RNA
What is a plasmid?
a section of the human genome
a material that cuts DNA
viral DNA
an accessory piece of DNA found in bacteria
To make a clone what part of the donor cell must be removed?
Nuclues
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Mitochondria
What was the significance of Dolly the Sheep?
She was the first organism ever cloned
She was the first clone created from an adult animal
She was the first animal cloned as an embryo
She was the first animal to be cloned multiple times
Why would scientists want to clone cows?
To produce more cows at a faster rate
To produce adult cows instead of calves
To produce stronger and healthier livestock
To replace chickens and goats, which are harder to clone
