WorksheetsEDEXEL Physics P5 Mix n Match
Total questions: 72
Worksheet time: 44mins
What two scales are on the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram, and how does the scale work/
X axis - Temperature (hottest on the left)
Y axis - Luminosity (highest on the top)
X axis - Temperature (hottest on the right)
Y axis - Luminosity (highest on the top)
X axis - Luminosity (highest on the top)
Y axis - Temperature (hottest on the left)
X axis - Luminosity (highest on the top)
Y axis - Temperature (hottest on the right)
Where does our sun lie on the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram?
In the main sequence
At luminosity 1, temperature 6000K
At luminosity 1, temperature 600K
In the red giants
What is the doppler effect?
Where wavelengths appear to be longer due to the movement of the emitter
Where wavelengths appear to be shorter due to relative movement between the receiver and emitter
Where wavelengths appear to be longer due to relative movement between the receiver and emitter
Where wavelengths appear to be shifted due to relative movement between the receiver and emitter
What is the equation for redshift?
Δλ/λ = Δf/f
Δλ/λ = Δf/f = v/c
Δλ/λ = Δf/f = Δv/c
λ/Δλ = f/Δf = v/Δc
What is true about Hubble's constant?
It is always getting updated
It's large uncertainty comes from the many factors that contribute to it
H = 67 Kms^-1/MParsec
1/H = age of the universe
What are the 3 types of universe and their descriptions?
Open - universe keeps expanding
Peak - the universe stops growing eventually
Closed - the universe gets to a point where it starts contracting
Open - universe keeps expanding
Flat - the universe stops growing eventually
Closed - the universe gets to a point where it starts contracting
Open - universe keeps expanding
Flat - the universe isn't growing
Closed - the universe gets to a point where it starts contracting
Open - universe keeps expanding
Peak - the universe isn't growing
Closed - the universe gets to a point where it starts contracting
What is dark matter?
an undetectable, theoretical form of matter use to explain random pockets of gravity
a visible, physical form of matter use to explain random pockets of gravity
a visible, physical form of matter use to balance equations about the universe
an undetectable, theoretical form of matter use to balance equations about the universe
What is dark energy?
a form of energy use to explain random pockets of gravity
a theoretical form of energy use to explain random pockets of gravity
a form of energy use to explain the expansion of the universe
a theoretical form of energy use to explain the expansion of the universe
What is the critical density?
the density of a planet or star to keep itself together (taking into account volume and gravity)
the density of the universe which decides whether it's open or closed
the density of the universe which decides whether it is expanding or contracting
the density of the universe which determines the amount of dark matter and energy that exists
If you were to convert from Kelvin to Celsius, what would you do?
Add the value of absolute zero
Minus the value of absolute zero
Add 273
Minus 273
What is internal energy?
The energy inside a molecule
The combined kinetic and potential energies inside a molecule
The combined kinetic and potential energies inside a system
The amount of energy required to increase the temperature of 1kg of substance by 1 degree
What is specific heat capacity?
The amount of potential energy gained which increases the temperature of 1kg of substance by 1 degree
The combined kinetic and potential energies inside a molecule
The combined kinetic and potential energies inside a system
The amount of energy required to increase the temperature of 1kg of substance by 1 degree
What is true about a mole?
It originally was founded by using Carbon-12
It originally was founded by using Argon-12
no. moles =
actual mass /
relative mass
no. moles =
relative mass /
actual mass
What is Avogadro's number and what does it do?
6.02 x10^23
6.02 x10^-23
Tells you number of moles per mole
Tells you the number of particles per mole
Which are 3 of the 6 kinetic theory assumptions?
Particles move in rapid random motion
Time spent in collisions is little compared to out
Particles do not have large mass
Collisions are perfectly elastic
Collisions are perfectly inelastic
Which are 3 of the 6 kinetic theory assumptions?
Particles volume is little compared to container's
Particles act as perfect inelastic spheres
Kinetic energy is proportional to absolute temperature
There are no appreciable outside forces
Time spent in collisions is high compared to out
What is Boyle's Law?
Kinetic energy is directly proportional to temperature
Potential energy is directly proportional to temperature
For a fixed mass at a constant temperature, volume is proportional to pressure
For a fixed mass at a constant temperature, 1/volume is proportional to pressure
What is the equation that links pressure, volume and temperature?
P = VT
P = V/T
PV = nRT
P = 1/VnT
In the equation PV = nRT, What value is R?
6.02
6.02 x 10^23
8.31
1.38 × 10^−23
How do you calculate the root mean square speed?
find the mean speed, square it
find the mean speed, square root it
square the mean speed, times it by the number of molecules and square root it
square the speed, find the mean, square root it
What is the equation linking pressure, volume and mean square speed?
PV = 1/3 x N x m x root mean square speed
PV = 1/2 x N x m x root mean square speed
PV = nRt
PV = NkT
What is the difference between heat and temperature?
Heat - increasing temperature
Temperature - a measurement of heat
Heat - form of energy (thermal)
Temperature - a measurement of heat
Heat - a measurement of temperature
Temperature - increasing temperature
Heat - a measurement of temperature
Temperature - form of energy (thermal)
What is Newton's Second Law?
An object will accelerate if no external forces are applies
An object will stay at rest or a constant speed if no external forces are applies
F = ma
The acceleration of an object is proportional to its rate of change in momentum
What is Newton's Third Law?
If body A exerts a force on body B then body B will exert an equal and opposite force back
If body A exerts a force on body B then body B will exert a bigger and opposite force back
Body A stays at rest as long as body B applies no external forces
If body A exerts a force on body B then body B will exert a force back
What is Impulse?
Force over certain distance
Force over a certain time
Rate of change of force
Rate of change of momentum
What is Angular velocity?
The number of degrees you move through a second
The number of degrees you move through a minute
The number of radians you move through a second
The number of radians you move through a minute
What is the amplitude of an oscillation?
(a)
Which two describe the conditions of a simple harmonic oscillator?
The acceleration is proportional to displacement from resting point
The pendulum has no outside forces acting on it
The angle that the pendulum moves through must be small
The acceleration is opposite to displacement
What curve is produced form a Distance vs Time graph (when the oscillator starts from rest position)?
Sin
Sin^-1
Cos
Cos^-1
What curve is produced form a Velocity vs Time graph (when the oscillator starts from rest position)?
Sin
-Sin
Cos
-Cos
What curve is produced form a Acceleration vs Time graph (when the oscillator starts from rest position)?
Sin
-Sin
Cos
-Cos
What are the two key points for deriving the simple pendulum equation?
There are no outside forces
There is no drag
if θ is small
Sinθ = θ
θ = x/l
Which 3 damping's have been shown in this graph?
Light Damping
Over Damping
Very Heavy Damping
Critical Damping
How is the force on a wire calculated?
F = mv^2/r
F = p/BQ
F = BILsin(θ)
F = BILcos(θ)
Which is true about Beta Plus radiation?
It emits a Positron
It emits and Electron
It turns a proton into a neutron
It turns a neutron into a proton
What is true about an alpha particle?
It's positive
It's negative
It's got 4 protons and 2 nuetrons
It's a helium nucleus
What is background radiation?
The radiation that exists around us
Radiation only from space
Radiation from all decaying particles
Radiation from rocks
What is the decay constant?
ln2 / half life
half life / ln2
The speed at which a substance decays
The probability that a substance will decay
What is true about this graph?
The lines with the steeper gradients have a bigger decay constant
The lines with the steeper gradients have a smaller decay constant
The half life for these graphs are different but the decay constant is the same
The green line will have twice as many atoms as dark blue over the same amount of time
Which is the most stable element?
Helium
Uranium
Carbon
Iron
How do we start fusion reactions?
Heat up the atoms
Heat up and pressurize the atoms
Fire a neutron at the atoms
Fire a proton at the atoms
How do we start fission reactions?
Heat up the atoms
Heat up and pressurize the atoms
Fire a neutron at the atoms
Fire a proton at the atoms
Which one of these pictures of proton-proton chain (Hydrogen Fusion) is correct?
What is radioactive dating?
Using two radioactive substances to create a reaction to produce energy
Using two radioactive substances to create a new isotope
Using a fraction of radioactive substance to it's decayed form to determine the age of an object
Introducing a radioactive substance, with a different atomic mass and proton number, into a fission reactor to cause the reaction to slow down or speed up
What is the name for the process of determining the age of an object by analysing the composition of it's radioactive substances?
Nuclear Fractioning
Radioactive Analysis
Nuclear Age Analysis
Radioactive Dating
Which experiment found the structure of an atom?
Alpha Particle Scatter Experiment
Archimedes' Experiment
Beta Particle Experiment
Alpha Decay Experiment
What are Quarks?
Fundamental subatomic particles that make up everything
Particles which make up hadrons
A form of matter and antimatter
The particles which make up things like protons, neutrons and electrons
What is a Baryon?
A particle made up of 2 or more quarks
A particle made up of 2 quarks
A particle made up of 3 quarks
A particle made up of more than 1 quark
What is a Meson?
A particle made up of 2 or more quarks
A particle made up of 2 quarks
A particle made up of 3 quarks
A particle made up of more than 1 quark
What is the charge on the top row of quarks?
-1/3
-1
-2/3
+2/3
What is the charge on the 2nd row of quarks?
-1/3
-1
-2/3
+2/3
What is the charge on the 3rd row of quarks?
-1/3
-1
-2/3
+2/3
Which of these are true?
Strangeness is a value given to particles witch strange quarks
Strange quarks have a value of -1
Antistrange quarks have a value of +1
Charm quarks have a strangeness of -1
Which is correct for Beta - (minus) decay?
Neutron --> Neutron + electron
Proton --> Neutron + positron + electron neutrino
Proton --> Neutron + electron neutrino
Neutron --> Proton + electron
Which is correct for Beta + (plus) decay?
Neutron --> Neutron + electron
Proton --> Neutron + positron + electron neutrino
Proton --> Neutron + electron neutrino
Neutron --> Proton + electron
What is equivalent to 1u?
1.6x10^-19
6.022x10^23
930MeV/C^2
1.66x10^-27kg
What is the point of the electric field in the cyclotron (or lineac)?
To accelerate the particles
To curve the particles out of the accelerator
To curve the particles to stay in the accelerator
To generate a single particle to be accelerated
What is the point of the magnetic field in the cyclotron (or lineac)?
To accelerate the particles
To curve the particles out of the accelerator
To curve the particles to stay in the accelerator
To generate a single particle to be accelerated
Why does the polarity change in the electric field of a cyclotron?
To attract the charged particle to the next tube and repel it from the last
To curve the charged particle in tighter circles
To curve the charged particle in looser circles
To slow the particle down
Why do the lengths of the tubes in the lineac increase?
As the speed of the particles increase
The electron needs to spend more time in each tube
The electron needs to spend the same amount of time in each tube
The frequency of polarity change then doesn't need to increase
Which of the following changes could cause the photocurrent to stop?
Which of the following changes occur?
Energy of electrons: increase.
Energy of electrons: no change.
Energy of electrons: increase.
Energy of electrons: no change.
(a)
What is the frequency of oscillation of the tube in the liquid?
(a)
Hubble’s Law states that the velocity of a galaxy is (a) to it’s distance from Earth.
How large is a Mega Parsec?
3.04 x 10^17m
3.04 x 10^17km
3.08 x 10^22m
3.08 x 10^16m
In Hubble’s equation where V = Hd, what does V stand for?
Proportionally Integral Velocity
Recessional Velocity
Exponential Logarithmic Velocity
Subsequent Velocity
What is the age of the universe?
1/H
1/2H
2/H
2/3H
Which of these are not an example of a standard candle?
The moon, on it’s reflective side
The moon, on it’s dark side
A supernova
A distant luminous planet
The principle of parallax states that the position of an object _______ as the position of the observer changes.
Will only change randomly
Will never change
Changes relatively
Appears to change
