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ASTHMA- PATHO 2

Total questions: 128

Worksheet time: 1hrs 6mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following statement regarding Asthma is INCORRRECT?

a)

Chronic inflammatory disease of Airways

b)

Persistent Airflow limitation

c)

Airway Hyperresponsiveness

d)

Association with Atopy

2.

Regarding Pathophysiology of Bronchial Asthma, which of the following is correct?

a)

Airway Hyperresponsiveness is occasionally present

b)

No role of dust mites, pets exposure in development of Asthma

c)

Usually Neutrophilic inflammation in airways

d)

Reduced Bronchodilator response with increasing chronicity

3.

Which of the following is the most useful investigation in Diagnosis of Bronchial Asthma

a)

Peak Expiratory Flow Rate

b)

Chest Xray

c)

Serum IgE levels

d)

Methacholine Challenge Test

4.

What type of medicine do we need for asthma attacks?

a)

Long-term control medicine

b)

Quick relief medicine

5.

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

6.

What is the cure for asthma?

a)

THERE IS NO CURE

b)

IT DEPENDS ON THE PATIENT

7.

How long does an asthma attack last?

a)

USUALLY ABOUT TWO HOURS

b)

SEVERAL HOURS OR DAYS

8.

The body's poor exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide describes…

a)

RESPIRATORY FAILURE

b)

PULMONARY HYPERTENSION

c)

ALLERGY-RELATED ASTHMA

d)

EXERCISE-INDUCTED ASTHMA

9.

Asthma can be cured, so it is not serious and nobody dies from it.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

10.

What is an asthma action plan?

a)

It's a form that you complete before you see your doctor.

b)

It's a form that you complete to check if you have asthma.

c)

It's a form that you complete when you are having an asthma attack.

d)

It's a form that you complete with your healthcare provider to prevent and control your asthma attacks.

11.

What does the green zone mean on an asthma action plan?

a)

You need medical attention immediately!

b)

Your asthma is getting worse.

c)

You are doing well.

12.

What does the yellow zone mean on an asthma action plan?

a)

You are doing well.

b)

Your asthma is getting worse.

c)

You need medical attention immediately!

13.

What is the red zone on an asthma action plan for?

a)

For when you're doing well

b)

For when your asthma is getting worse

c)

For a medical alert

14.

Put the "asthma severity" descriptors below in the right order, starting from the least serious one.

a. Severe Persistent

b. Mild Persistent

c. Intermittent

d. Moderate Persistent

a)

1-c, 2-d, 3-a, 4-d

b)

1-a, 2-b, 3-c, 4-d

c)

1-c, 2-b, 3-d, 4-a

d)

1-b, 2-d, 3-a, 4-c

15.

Asthma is not very common in children?

a)

True

b)

False

16.

Which is not an early sign and symptom of asthma?

a)

coughing

b)

breathing through their nose

c)

telling you they had a hard time sleeping last night

17.

If a student is suffering from an asthma attack, they should be escorted to the nurse immediately?

a)

True

b)

False

18.

Bronchial asthma is a disease which affects:

a)

Lung parenchyma

b)

Trachea

c)

Airways

d)

Sinuses

19.

which of the following sounds is produced in the chest of asthmatic patient?

a)

Stridor

b)

Wheezes

c)

Barking cough

d)

Rales

20.

Broncho constriction muscles tighten around the airways and makes asthma patients hard to breathe.

a)

True

b)

False

21.

A step to keeping your asthma in good control is to reduce your exposure to asthma triggers.

a)

True

b)

False

22.

Asthma can be caused by emotional stress or other psychological problems.

a)

True

b)

False

23.

Many asthma attacks are triggered by a combination of factors,including pollen, dust, weather, smoke, foods, odors, cold or flu, or pets.

a)

True

b)

False

24.

High exposure to airborne allergen is not risk factor for asthma

a)

True

b)

False

25.

Asthma attacks always occur suddenly, without warning.

a)

True

b)

False

26.

What is the active ingredient for Saltamol Inhaler?

a)

Terbutaline

b)

Salmeterol

c)

Salbutamol

d)

Formoterol

27.

Rearrange the steps of using Saltamol Inhaler.

I. Press the inhaler vertically at the same time inhale medication

II. Shake the inhaler and remove the cap of the inhaler

III. Exhale to allow more lung space to inhale medication and seal mouth around mouthpiece

IV. Hold breath for 10 seconds then exhale through nostril and repeat if necessary

a)

I, III, II, IV

b)

IV, II, III, I

c)

II, III, I, IV

d)

III, I, II, IV

28.

What are the 2 types of asthma?

a)

External

b)

Extrinsic

c)

inflammatory

d)

Intrinsic

e)

Internal

29.

Extrinsic asthma is triggered by...

a)

A Joke

b)

Peanuts

c)

Stressful Situations

d)

Environment (allergens)

30.

Intrinsic asthma is caused by exposure to an allergen.

a)

True

b)

False

31.

(asthma) When an allergen is inhaled, which cell is activated through engulfing this particle?

a)

Mast cell

b)

Columnar epithelium cells

c)

Dendritic Cells

d)

T Helper Cells

32.

(asthma) once the dendritic cell has been activated, which cells secrete thymic stromal lymphocytes?

a)

Columnar Epithelial Cells

b)

IgE antibodies

c)

T Helper 2 Cells

d)

Mast Cells

33.

(asthma) What does the thymic stromal lymphocytes cause activated dendritic cells to produce?

a)

Antibodies

b)

Chemokines

c)

Oxygen

d)

Hemoglobin

34.

What does chemokines do?

a)

Generate energy within the cells

b)

Destroy the pathogen by breaking it down

c)

Attract T Helper 2 Cells

d)

Reduce blood flow to the area

35.

(asthma) select the 3 main functions of activate T Helper 2 Cells

a)

Promote IgE Production

b)

Promote Mast Cell Production

c)

Attract more T Helper 1 Cells

d)

Stimulate eosinophil production

e)

Destroys broken down pathogens

36.

(asthma) fill in the blank for the pathophysiology pathway

(D.C= dendritic cell)

a)

Columnar epithelial cells detect activated Dendritic cells and secrete thymic stromal lymphocytes.

b)

Activated Dendritic cell secretes a hormone.

c)

Mast cell is activated through the activation of the D.C and secretes thymic stromal lymphocytes.

d)

Thymic stromal lymphocytes are created by TH2 cells which have detected the activation of the dendritic cell.

37.

(asthma) Select the 2 main functions of the Thymic Stromal Lymphocytes

a)

Destroy pathogens

b)

Increase immunity to pathogens

c)

Attract TH2 cells

d)

Enable Dendritic Cells to differentiate T-Cells into TH2 cells

38.

Select the Signs and Symptoms of Asthma

a)

Wheeze

b)

Chest Tightness

c)

Dry Irritating Cough producing thick sputum

d)

Dysponea

e)

Tachycardia and Tachyponea

39.

Select the types of medication used in asthma treatment

a)

Bronchodilators

b)

Antiemetics

c)

Anti-inflammatories

d)

Antibacterials

40.

Select the 2 main types of bronchodilators used in asthma and COPD treatment

a)

Corticosteroids

b)

Beta agonist

c)

Anticholinergics

d)

Leukotriene Modifiers

41.

Select the 2 main types of anti-inflammatory medications used in Asthma and COPD treatment

a)

Beta agonist

b)

Anticholinergics

c)

Corticosteroids

d)

Leukotriene Modifiers

42.

What are the 3 main conditions encompassed by the umbrella term COPD?

a)

Asthma

b)

Chronic Bronchitis

c)

Pneumonia

d)

Emphysema

e)

Pulmonary Fibrosis

43.

What is the condition nicknamed "Blue Bloaters"

a)

Asthma

b)

Emphysema

c)

Chronic Bronchitis

d)

Pneumonia

44.

What is the condition nicknamed "Pink Puffers"

a)

Asthma

b)

Chronic Bronchitis

c)

Pneumonia

d)

Emphysema

45.

Select the 3 typical signs of COPD

a)

Dysponea

b)

Hypertension

c)

Chronic Cough

d)

Sputum Production

e)

Drowsiness

46.

3 main nursing interventions for COPD

a)

COPD action plan

b)

Education

c)

Monitor Respiratory System

d)

Breathing exercises

e)

Provide oxygen when sats are between 88-93%

47.

Which of the following statement regarding Asthma is INCORRRECT?

a)

Chronic inflammatory disease of Airways

b)

Persistent Airflow limitation

c)

Airway Hyperresponsiveness

d)

Association with Atopy

48.

Regarding Pathophysiology of Bronchial Asthma, which of the following is correct?

a)

Airway Hyperresponsiveness is occasionally present

b)

No role of dust mites, pets exposure in development of Asthma

c)

Usually Neutrophilic inflammation in airways

d)

Reduced Bronchodilator response with increasing chronicity

49.

Which of the following is the most useful investigation in Diagnosis of Bronchial Asthma

a)

Peak Expiratory Flow Rate

b)

Chest Xray

c)

Serum IgE levels

d)

Methacholine Challenge Test

50.

Which of the following Spirometric values corresponds with the diagnosis of Bronchial Asthma?

a)

Increase in FEV1 by 15% after Bronchodilator administration

b)

Increase in FEV1 by 200 ml after Bronchodilator administration

c)

Increase in FEV1 by 15% and 200 ml both after Bronchodilator administration

d)

Decrease in FEV1 by 15% and 200 ml both after Bronchodilator administration

51.

WELL CONTROLLED Asthma is characterized by which of the following?

a)

Day time symptoms >2/week

b)

Use of Rescuer >2/week

c)

Night awakening >1/week

d)

Absence of all of these

52.

Which of the following is NOT the feature of Acute Severe Asthma?

a)

PEFR (33-50% predicted)

b)

Respiratory Rate > 25/min

c)

Inability to complete sentence in a single breath

d)

Heart Rate ≤ 50/min

53.

What is the function of the bronchi?

a)

Transport air from nose to lungs

b)

Transport air from trachea to lungs

c)

Transport air from lungs to alveoli

d)

Transport air from alveoli to blood

54.

What surrounds the alveoli?

a)

oxygen

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

capillaries

d)

bronchioles

55.

The study of how disease processes affect the function of the body is called:

a)

biology

b)

pathophysiology

c)

etiology

d)

epidemiology

56.

Etiology means

a)

a specific disease is identified by evaluating symptoms and conducting lab tests.

b)

cause of a disease (genetic, infection, dysfunction, etc.)

c)

cause is unknown

d)

the results from a treatment, procedure, or medical error

57.

The constriction of bronchi and bronchioles, cough, and thick secretions that is brought on by allergens and pollutants are associated with....

a)

cystic fibrosis

b)

copd

c)

asthma

d)

restrictive lung disease

58.

​Normally the respiratory drive is triggered by changing levels​ of:

a)

pH

b)

glucose

c)

oxygen

d)

carbon dioxide

59.

The volume of air that is breathed in and out with each breath is called​ the:

a)

minute volume.

b)

alveolar volume.

c)

tidal volume.

d)

dead space.

60.
The adjustments the body makes to correct inbalances are called
a)
diaphoresis
b)
natural adjustments
c)
compensation
d)
compromising
61.
A respiratory disorder caused by a sensitivity to an allergen is ____. 
a)
asthma
b)
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
c)
bronchitis
d)
emphysema
62.
Gas exchange between the pulmonary blood and alveoli is called ____. 
a)
pulmonary ventilation
b)
inhalation
c)
external respiration
d)
internal respiration
63.
Respiratory capacities are measured with a ____. 
a)
thermometer
b)
spirometer
c)
sphygmomanometer
d)
stethoscope
64.
The normal respiratory rate of 12-15 breaths per minute is known as ____. 
a)
hyperpnea
b)
eupnea
c)
dyspnea
d)
apnea
65.

The respiratory conducting passageways perform all of the following functions except ____.

a)

allow air to reach the lungs

b)

purify air

c)

humidify air

d)

gas exchange

66.

What type of disease is CF?

a)

Hereditary Disease

b)

Brain Disease

c)

Heart Disease

d)

Restrictive lung disease

67.

What chromosome is affected by CF?

a)

10

b)

7

c)

8

d)

26

e)

what is a chromosome?????

68.

When two carriers of cystic fibrosis produce children, there is a: (choose 2)

a)

75% chance that the baby will be a carrier

b)

25% chance that the baby will be completely normal

c)

50% chance that the baby will have cystic fibrosis

d)

25% chance that the baby will have cystic fibrosis

69.

what ethnic group is cystic fibrosis found most in?

a)

Asian

b)

African American

c)

Hispanics

d)

Caucasian

70.

What does Cystic Fibrosis affect?

a)

The Heart

b)

The Mind

c)

The Lungs

d)

The entire body

71.

At the end of the bronchioles are structures called

a)

alveoli

b)

blastocytes

c)

villi

d)

none of these

72.

What is the direct cause of asthma attacks?

a)

Blood clots in the trachea

b)

Swelling and excess mucous in the airways

c)

Excess fluid in the air sacs

d)

Infection of the lungs

73.

Bronchial asthma is a disease which affects:

a)

Lung parenchyma

b)

Trachea

c)

Airways

d)

Sinuses

74.

Which of the following sounds is produced in the chest of an asthmatic patient?

a)

Stridor

b)

Wheezes

c)

Barking cough

d)

Rales

75.
What is Asthma?
a)
lung condition where your airways or bronchial tubes narrow and swell
b)
a obtained disfunction 
c)
a tumor only in children
d)
a chronic disorder in the alveoli
76.

Abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood is called

a)

hypercapnia

b)

hypoxia

c)

asphyxia

d)

tachypnea

77.

______________ is the permanent dilation of the bronchi caused by chronic infection and inflammation.

a)

atelectasis

b)

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

c)

bronchiectasis

d)

emphysema

78.

Which of the following are clinical manifestations of coronary heart disease?

a)

Sudden cardiac death

b)

Acute coronary syndrome

c)

Chronic stable angina

d)

All of the above

79.

Which of the following accurately describes variant angina?

a)

Chest pain only with activity

b)

Clinical infarction of the myocardium

c)

Spasm of one of the coronary arteries

d)

All of the above

80.

Rate pressure product is...

a)

Heart rate x diastolic blood pressure

b)

Heart rate x systolic blood pressure

c)

Heart rate x mean arterial pressure

d)

None of the above

81.

Your patient describes unrelenting chest pain for the last 20 minutes not relieved by rest. You should...

a)

Provide longer rest period, it should hopefully pass

b)

Continue exercise with physiological monitoring

c)

Call 911/activate EMS

d)

Call the primary care physician that afternoon

82.

Which description represents a full thickness insult to the myocardium?

a)

STEMI

b)

Variant angina

c)

Non-STEMI

d)

Unstable angina

83.

How might the pulmonary system pathology most likely result in heart failure?

a)

It won't; they are unrelated

b)

Pulmonary artery HTN over-works the right ventricle

c)

Pulmonary artery HTN over-works the left ventricle

d)

Higher work of breathing over-stresses the heart

84.

What describes the "congestion" component to heart failure?

a)

Blood not being pumped by the heart backs up in lungs

b)

Proliferous mucus production

c)

Increased capillary pressure forces fluid into air spaces

d)

First and third answers (blue and yellow)

85.

Which of the following is an obstructive pulmonary disease?

a)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

b)

Atelectasis

c)

Sarcoidosis

d)

Asthma

86.

Which of the following is a restrictive pulmonary disease?

a)

Chronic bronchitis

b)

Bronchiectasis

c)

Emphysema

d)

Pulmonary embolism

87.

Lung compliance is the inverse of stiffness

a)

True

b)

False

88.

Which of the following is not a complication of asthma?

a)

A. Pneumonia

b)

B. Hypoxemia

c)

C. Hypokalemia

d)

D. Dehydration

89.

It is a type of Spirometer also referred as sustained maximal inspiration (SMI), is a component of bronchial hygiene therapy.

a)

A. Peak flow Meter

b)

B. Incentive Spirometer

90.

What is the age of the patient presented in the demographic data?

a)

A. 25

b)

B. 27

c)

C.42

d)

D. 67

91.

Which is not considered as a late sign and symptoms of asthma?

a)

A. Chest tightness

b)

B. Tachycardia

c)

C. Central Cyanosis

d)

D. Diaphoresis

92.

In treatment of asthma, It is used to improve airway function and decrease peak flow variability.

a)

A. Mast cell Stabilizers

b)

B. Xanthine derivatives

c)

C. Corticosteroids

d)

D. Long-active beta2-adrenergic agents

93.

It is a diagnostic test used to measure the highest volume of airflow during forced expiration.

a)

A. Spirometry

b)

B. Peak flow test

c)

C. Nitric oxide test

94.

In your nutritional management of asthma, Which vitamins may help reduce the number of asthma attacks?

a)

A. Vitamin A

b)

B. Vitamin B

c)

C. Vitamin C

d)

D. Vitamin D

95.

According to World Health Organization (WHO), How many % of Philippine population has asthma?

a)

A. 10%

b)

B. 12%

c)

C. 15%

d)

D.20%

96.

In peak flow monitoring, yellow (60-80%) indicates?

a)

A. Stable/Personal Best

b)

B. Caution

c)

C. Danger

97.

What is the date of admission and discharge of the patient?

a)

A. 7/26/2018-7/29/2018

b)

B. 7/24/2018-7/29/2018

c)

C.7/25/2018-7/29/2018

d)

D. 7/26/2018-7/28/2018

98.

Which desensitization mechanism is not reversible?

a)

short-term desensitization

b)

long-term desensitization

c)

chronic desensitization

d)

Hmmm.....

99.

PDE inhibitor increase the level of cAMP/cGMP by preventing the degradation of cAMP/cGMP.

a)

True

b)

False

c)

Hmmm.....good question

100.

Which ONE of the following statements about bronchodilator is correct?

a)

Short-acting bronchodilator is used as a preventer medicine in asthmatic patients

b)

b2-adrenoceptor agonist prevents late phase in asthma caused by release of cytokine

c)

b2-adrenoceptor agonist increases cAMP level, leading to airway relaxation

d)

Decrease in cAMP prevents mast cell degranulation

101.

What is the effect of Protein Kinase A (PKA)?

a)

Increase MLC-Phos

b)

Activate MLCP

c)

Suppress MLCK

d)

Suppress MLCP

102.

Desensitization of B2-adrenoceptor agonist can be prevented by _____?

a)

nifedipine

b)

beclometasone

c)

roflumilast

d)

ipratropium

103.

How does steroid prevent desensitization of b2-adrenoceptors?

a)

Steroid transports the internalized b2-adrenoceptors back to plasma membrane

b)

Steroid increases the gene transcription of b2-adrenoceptors

c)

Steroid binds to b2-adrenoceptors, inhibiting the internalization of the receptors

d)

I don't like kitkat...

104.

What is Asthma?

a)

A condition that affects the heart

b)

A condition that affects the airway

105.

Cold air, exercise and pollen are potential triggers for asthma?

a)

True

b)

False

106.

When listening to a patients breathing with asthma, you would more than likely hear

a)

Crackles

b)

Stridor

c)

Wheeze

107.

The signs and symptoms of commonly include

a)

Shortness of breath, itchy hands, rash

b)

Chest tightness, shortness of breath, wheeze

c)

Wheeze, stomach ache, nausea

d)

Chest tightness, nausea, diarrhoea

108.

Asthma can cause a patient to stop breathing?

a)

True

b)

False

109.

Only children can develop asthma, if you didn't have asthma as a child then you will NOT have asthma as an adult

a)

True

b)

False

110.

How do we treat asthma?

a)

2:2:2 = 2 puffs of an inhaler + 2 breaths after each puff + wait 2 minutes before administering more medication

b)

5:5:5 = 5 puffs of an inhaler + 5 breaths after each puff + wait 5 minutes before administering more medication

c)

4:4:4 = 4 puffs of an inhaler + 4 breaths after each puff + wait 4 minutes before administering more medication

d)

1:1:1 = 1 puffs of an inhaler + 1 breaths after each puff + wait 1 minutes before administering more medication

111.

In DRSABCD, what does the A stand for?

a)

Ask for help

b)

Appearance

c)

Alert

d)

Airway

112.

90% of people who suffered from thunderstorm asthma had a history of hayfever

a)

True

b)

False

113.

What position would you advise a patient to be in when suffering with asthma?

a)

Laying flat

b)

Recovery position

c)

On their stomach

d)

Seated position

114.

Only 24% of people who suffer with asthma in Australia have an asthma plan from their GP

a)

False

b)

True

115.

What acronym would we use to help understand the severity of an asthma patient?

a)

DOLOR

b)

PASSRESPS

116.

What is an asthma action plan?

a)

It's a form that you complete before you see your doctor.

b)

It's a form that you complete to check if you have asthma.

c)

It's a form that you complete when you are having an asthma attack.

d)

It's a form that you complete with your healthcare provider to prevent and control your asthma attacks.

117.

How many zones does an asthma action plan have?

a)

3

b)

4

c)

5

d)

2

118.

Which of the following is NOT one of the asthma action plan zones?

a)

Orange

b)

Green

c)

Yellow

d)

Red

119.

What does the green zone mean on an asthma action plan?

a)

You need medical attention immediately!

b)

Your asthma is getting worse.

c)

You are doing well.

120.

What does the yellow zone mean on an asthma action plan?

a)

You are doing well.

b)

Your asthma is getting worse.

c)

You need medical attention immediately!

121.

What is the red zone on an asthma action plan for?

a)

For when you're doing well

b)

For when your asthma is getting worse

c)

For a medical alert

122.

How many "asthma severity" degrees are there on an asthma action plan?

a)

5

b)

4

c)

3

d)

2

123.

Put the "asthma severity" descriptors below in the right order, starting from the least serious one.

a. Severe Persistent

b. Mild Persistent

c. Intermittent

d. Moderate Persistent

a)

1-c, 2-d, 3-a, 4-d

b)

1-a, 2-b, 3-c, 4-d

c)

1-c, 2-b, 3-d, 4-a

d)

1-b, 2-d, 3-a, 4-c

124.

During an asthma episode, the smooth muscles of the bronchi may hypertrophy as much as:

a)

Two times normal thickness

b)

Three times normal thickness

c)

Four times normal thickness

d)

Five times normal thickness

125.

During an asthma episode, which of the following abnormal lung volume and capacity findings are found?

  1. Decreased FVC
  2. Decreased FEV1/FVC
  3. Increased RV
  4. Decreased RV
a)

1, 2 and 3

b)

1, 2 and 4

c)

1 and 2

d)

4 only

126.

Patients commonly exhibit which of the following arterial blood gas values early during an acute mild to moderate asthma episode?

  1. Increased pH
  2. Increased PaCO2
  3. Decreased HCO3-
  4. Decreased PaO2
a)

1, 2 and 4

b)

2 and 3

c)

1 and 4

d)

2 and 3

127.

How long must asthma be controlled before the treatment regimen can be stepped down, with the aim of establishing the lowest step and dose of treatment that maintains control?

a)

At least 2 weeks

b)

At least 1 month

c)

At least 2 months

d)

At least 3 months

128.

For acute care treatment of Asthma, which medications would be appropriate for treatment?

Vitals; HR 100, RR 28, SpO2 88%

  1. Albuterol via SVN
  2. Atrovent via SVN
  3. Oxygen via nasal cannula
  4. Oral corticosteroid
a)

1, 3 and 4

b)

2, 3 and 4

c)

1, 2, 3 and 4

d)

2 and 3

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