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EOC Review

Total questions: 103

Worksheet time: 2hrs 48mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

4. Which biomolecules transport oxygen and other substances and also form part of most organelles?

a)

Lipids

b)

Carbohydrates

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic Acids

2.

5. Which biomolecules provide quick energy for the cell and also provide materials to build the cell membrane/wall?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Lipids

d)

Nucleic Acids

3.

9. Amino Acids are the monomers of __________.

a)

Nucleic Acids

b)

Proteins

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Lipids

4.

Just under an orca's skin lies a thick layer of blubber. Blubber helps insulate a whale from heat loss. Based on this information, which biomolecule is blubber primarily made of?

a)

Lipids

b)

Nucleic Acids

c)

Proteins

d)

Carbohydrates

5.

11. People with albinism do not produce the melanin protein. Melanin allows for people to be protected from the sun and thus people with albinism are prone to severe sunburns. Which biomolecule would you infer is responsible for albinism?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Protein

c)

Lipid

d)

Nucleic Acid

6.
What type of cell has a nucleus? 
a)
eukaryotic
b)
prokaryotic 
7.
What structures distinguish a plant cell from an animal cell?
a)
Plant cells have cell walls and ribosomes.
b)
Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts.
c)
Plant cells have chloroplasts and ribosomes.
d)
Plant cells have chloroplasts and mitochondria.
8.

A cell biologist finds a cell without chloroplasts, but it still contains a nucleus, cell membrane, and a cytoplasm. What kind of cell is this?

a)

Prokaryotic

b)

Eukaryotic

c)

Plant

d)

Animal

9.
Where does photosynthesis occur?
a)
mitochondria
b)
stomata
c)
xylem
d)
chloroplast
10.
This organelle takes food and turns it into ENERGY for plant and animal cells.
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Lysosome
d)
Ribosome
11.
The maintenance of an organism’s internal environment is called:
a)
compensating
b)
homeostasis
c)
balancing
d)
routine
12.
Photosynthesis gives off O2, cell respiration gives off ______
a)
CO2
b)
O2
c)
Sugar
d)
Sunlight
13.
The graph shows how enzymes affect reactions in cells. Which statement best summarizes the information shown in the graph?
a)
Enzymes increase the energy of the reactants.
b)
Enzymes decrease the energy level of the products.
c)
Enzyme decrease the activation energy of the reaction.
d)
Enzymes reverse the direction of the reaction.
14.
Based on the graph, what is the optimal temperature for this enzyme? 
a)
15oC
b)
40oC
c)
30oC
d)
35oC
15.
Enzymes are...
a)
nucleic acids
b)
proteins
c)
lipids
d)
carbohydrates
16.
What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?
a)
The enzymes die.
b)
The shapes of the enzyme are altered denature
c)
The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.
d)
The enzymes remain the same
17.
Letter D...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
18.
Letter B...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
19.

Which of the following equations represents the overall chemical reaction for photosynthesis?

a)

6O2+ 6H2O → C6H12O6+ 6O2

b)

C6H12O6 + 6H2O→ 6O2+ 6O2

c)

6CO2+ 6H2O→ C6H12O6+ 6O2

d)

6O2 + 6H2O→ C6H12O6 + 6CO2

20.

Temperatures that are too high can slow photosynthesis because

a)

stomata stay open

b)

enzymes are ruined

c)

there is not enough CO2

d)

there is too much water

21.
Glucose is a ...
a)
sugar
b)
carbohydrate
c)
source of quick energy
d)
all are correct
22.

Autotrophs (producers) can perform photosynthesis because they have -

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Ribosomes

c)

A Nucleus

d)

Chloroplasts

23.
What is the energy molecule?
a)
DNA
b)
ATP
c)
RNA
d)
AAA
24.

Which of the following is a product of cellular respiration?

a)

Radiant Energy

b)

Oxygen

c)

Glucose

d)

Water

25.

What is the definition of OSMOSIS?

a)

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

b)

Molecular structure that surrounds the cell and controls what enters and leaves the cell

c)

Movement of molecules across the cell membrane against the concentration gradient

d)

Movement of molecules across the cell membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration

26.

Identify the following structure

a)

Phospholipid

b)

Cell

c)

Cell membrane

d)

Protein

27.

What is the name of 'A' found on the structure below

a)

Lipid Bilayer (cell membrane)

b)

Protein

c)

Phosphate hydrophilic heads

d)

Lipid hydrophobic tails

28.

What is the name of 'B' found on the structure below

a)

Protein

b)

Lipic bilayer

c)

Phosphate hydrophilic heads

d)

Lipid hydrophobic heads

29.

Why would the cell need energy to move molecules across the membrane?

a)

the molecule is going against the concentration gradient

b)

the molecule is to large to pass through the membrane

c)

the lipid membrane requires energy anytime something is moving across the membrane

30.

In passive diffusion, substances always move...

a)

from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

b)

from an area with more of the molecules to an area with fewer of the molecules

c)

from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration

d)

from an area with fewer of the molecules to an area with more of the molecules

31.

Which image best represents facilitated diffusion?

a)
b)
c)
d)
32.

Why has water moved into the cell in the hypotonic solution?

a)

The cell was deflated and needed to be inflated.

b)

The concentration of solvent was higher inside than outside the cell.

c)

The concentration of solute (salt) was higher outside the cell than inside.

d)

The concentration of solute (salt) was higher inside the cell than outside.

33.

A red blood cell is placed into a solution. The red blood cell has a lower concentration of protein and sugar than the solution, as shown in the diagram. What is most likely to occur?

a)

Water from the solution will move into the red blood cell.

b)

Water from the red blood cell will move into the solution.

c)

Protein and sugar will move from the solution into the red blood cell.

d)

Protein and sugar will move from the red blood cell into the solution.

34.
What are the nucleotides made of?
a)
Sugar, Phosphate, nitrogen base
b)
Phosphate, Adenine, nitrogen base
c)
Thymine, Adenine, Cytomine
d)
Phosphate, Nitrogen, Adenine
35.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
36.
The two strands of nitrogenous bases in DNA are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
37.

A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.

a)

Replication

b)

Translation

c)

Transcription

d)

Protein Synthesis

38.
The enzyme that unzips the DNA to prepare for replication
a)
helicase
b)
replicase
c)
polymerase
d)
synthase
39.

The correct sequence of mitosis:

a)

metaphase, anaphase, telophase, prophase

b)

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

c)

prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase

d)

telophase, metaphase, prophase, anaphase

40.
During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell spend the most time?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Cytokinesis
c)
Interphase
41.
During which part of the cell cycle is DNA copied?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Cytokinesis
c)
S phase
42.
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
43.
What is the purpose of the cell cycle?
a)
To create new daughter cells
b)
To prevent cancer from developing
c)
To help the body fight viruses and bacteria
44.

Undifferentiated cells that can become one or more specialized types of cell are called_________

a)

Stem Cells

b)

Somatic Cells

c)

Body Cells

d)

Zygotes

45.

Arrange the following levels of hierarchy from LARGEST to SMALLEST

a)

Organism, Organ, Tissue, Cell

b)

Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organism

c)

Organism, Cell, Tissue, Organ

d)

Tissue, Cell, Organ, Organism

46.

Cancer is

a)

a premature stop in the cell cycle.

b)

uncontrolled mitosis.

c)

programmed cell death.

47.

WHAT DOES MEIOSIS CREATE?

a)

CHROMOSOMES

b)

GAMETES

c)

DNA

d)

TRAITS

48.

MALE GAMETE IS KNOWN AS

a)

EGG

b)

SPERM

49.

HOW MANY CHROMOSOMES DO HUMAN GAMETES HAVE?

a)

46

b)

23

c)

47

d)

22

50.

CROSSING OVER ALLOWS FOR WHAT TO HAPPEN?

a)

ALL CELLS TO STAY THE SAME

b)

GENETIC VARIATION

c)

REDUCTION OF CHROMOSOMES

d)

CHROMOSOME NUMBER TO INCREASE

51.

THIS IMAGE SHOWS WHAT IS HAPPENING WITH THE CHROMOSOMES?

a)

NON- DISJUNCTION

b)

METAPHASE

c)

TELOPHASE

d)

CROSSING OVER

52.

Explain the karyotype of this individual

a)

Male - no genetic defect

b)

Male - Down's Syndrome

c)

Female - no genetic defect

d)

Female - Down's Syndrome

53.

In what process is mRNA synthesized?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

DNA Replication

d)

Mitosis

54.
The mRNA leaves the ________ to find the ribosome to make proteins.
a)
cell
b)
nucleotide
c)
nucleus
55.

Choose the sequence of the mRNA strand that would match up with to the following DNA strand:

GTACAT

a)

CATGTA

b)

GAUCUA

c)

CAUGUA

d)

CUTGTU

56.

What brings the amino acids to the ribosome to assemble a protein?

a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)

DNA

57.

What determines the shape and function of a protein?

a)

The sequence of amino acids

b)

The type of ribosome that assembles the protein

c)

The cell that manufactures the protein

58.
What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUAUGA
a)
Met-Pro-Ala-Val
b)
Met-Pro-Val
c)
Tyr-Gly-His
d)
Tyr-Gly-Arg-His
59.
Which process is happening in this picture?
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Replication
60.
having two of the same genes for the trait (sometimes called purebred).
a)
homozygous
b)
hetrozygous
c)
protein
d)
chromosome
61.
If green is dominant over purple, then what is the genotype for this individual?
a)
Purple
b)
Green
c)
GG
d)
gg
62.
A heterozygous long-tusked elephant is crossed with a homozygous recessive short-tusked elephant. What is the probability of the offspring having short tusks?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
63.

What is the genotypic ratio of the offspring?

a)

3:1

b)

1:3

c)

1:2:1

d)

2:2

64.
This punnett square shows a cross between
a)
A hybrid Parent and a Homozygous parent
b)
A heterozygous parent and a heterozygous parent
c)
Two homozygous parents
d)
Two Hybrid Parents
65.

What mutation has occurred here?

T-G-A-C-C-A

T-G-A-G-C-A

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Frameshift

66.

Which of the following would result in a frameshift mutation?

a)

Insertions only

b)

Substitution only

c)

Deletion only

d)

Insertions and Deletions

67.

ATTTGAGCC- Original

ATTGAGCC - Mutated

The example above is an example of a

a)

Insertion- Frameshift

b)

Deletion- Substitution

c)

Deletion -Frameshift

d)

All of the above

68.

Which type of mutation does the model demonstrate?

a)

Deletion

b)

Substitution

c)

Insertion

d)

Translocation

69.
The trees these moths used to live on were white, but have been covered in soot from coal factories. Which moth will be more successful in this environment?
a)
Dark moth
b)
Light moth
c)
Both will be equally successful
d)
Neither will be successful
70.
Structures with the same parts have different functions; suggests that organisms share a common ancestry
a)
vestigial structures
b)
homologous structures
c)
adaptive radiation
d)
fossil
71.
The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?
a)
Fossil A and C are the same age
b)
Fossil B is older than fossil C
c)
Fossils A is older than fossil B
d)
Fossil D is older than fossil C
72.
The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment 
a)
diversity.
b)
evolution
c)
adaptation
d)
 fitness
73.

When organisms are better adapted to their environment they will survive and reproduce more successfully than organisms less adapted. This process is called what?

a)

Selective breeding

b)

Natural Selection

c)

Cloning

d)

Evolution of all species

74.

What most likely caused the finches on the Galapagos Islands to have beaks that were different from the finches on the mainland?

a)

There were different types of predators on the island.

b)

There were different types of food available on the island.

c)

The finches had no water to drink.

d)

The finches on the mainland could not fly high enough.

75.

Which one does not increase variation?

a)

Gene flow

b)

Migration

c)

Mitosis

d)

Crossing Over

76.

Binomial nomenclature is a 2-name naming system based on

a)

Family genus

b)

Class order

c)

genus species

d)

Genus species

77.

Which of the following is the correct order for least related to most related?

a)

Domain

Kingdom

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species

b)

Species

Kingdom

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Domain

c)

Species

Genus

Family

Order

Class

Phylum

Kingdom

Domain

d)

Domain

Kingdom

Class

Phylum

Order

Genus

Family

Species

78.

Which of the following pairs of organisms from the table shown to the left would be the most closely related?

a)

Desert iguana and Box turtle

b)

Chuckwalla and Bush anole

c)

Box turtle and Bush anole

d)

Desert iguana and Chuchwalla

79.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

80.
a)

belong to the same species

b)

must range great distances to eat

c)

have very similar skeletal structures

d)

are descended from a common ancestor

81.

Which group of animals on this tree are most closely related to birds?

a)

Saurischian dinosaurs

b)

Ornithischian dinosaurs

c)

Crocodiles

d)

None of these are related to birds

82.

Where is the alligator and T. rex's common ancestor?

a)

Point A

b)

Point B

c)

Point C

d)

Point D

83.

Gathers oxygen from the environment and gets rid of carbon dioxide from the body.

a)

cardiovascular system

b)

respiratory system

c)

endocrine system

d)

lymphatic system

84.
The ____________________ is the body system that transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste through the body.  
a)
respiratory system 
b)
digestive system
c)
circulatory system 
d)
immune system
85.

The excretory system gets rid of:

a)

Nutrients

b)

Cartilage

c)

Waste

d)

Oxygen

86.

What can you infer about carbon dioxide from the function of the respiratory system?

a)

It helps you breathe

b)

It is more common than oxygen

c)

It is harmful to your body

d)

It is not found in the body

87.

What is the main product of the endocrine system?

a)

Bones

b)

Blood

c)

White blood cells

d)

Hormones

88.

Viruses need a ____________ in order to make copies of themselves.

a)

bacterial cell

b)

host cell

c)

capsid

d)

vaccine

89.

During which cycle does a virus's genetic information become a part of the host cell's genetic information?

a)

Lytic

b)

Lysogenic

90.

A virus that goes through the ______ cycle will allow you to feel symptoms immediately due to the cells lysing.

a)

Lytic

b)

Lysogenic

91.

Cells that fight infection in our bodies.

a)

Plasma

b)

Platelets

c)

Red Blood Cells

d)

White Blood Cells

92.
Some trees shed their leaves in time for winter. Why is this adaptation useful?
a)
The trees save energy during the darker, colder months.
b)
The trees take in more sunlight through their branches.
c)
The trees attract animals to spread their seeds.
d)
The trees blend into their environment and hide.
93.

Plant roots have extensions called root hairs. These root hairs are important in the homeostasis of the plant. Which statement best explains the importance of the root hairs to the stems and leaves of the plant?

a)

root hairs convert minerals into glucose for immediate use by cells

b)

root hairs decrease the need for osmosis and diffusion in vascular tissue

c)

root hairs prevent water loss in leaves through transpiration and gas exchange

d)

root hairs increase the surface area of the roots for nutrient and water absorption

94.

Xylem transports...

a)

water

b)

sugar

c)

oxygen

d)

carbon dioxide

95.

Plants curling around a pole or mailbox is an example of:

a)

Phototropism

b)

Germination

c)

Turgor pressure

d)

Thigmotropism

96.
Barnacles create home sites by attaching themselves to whales. This relationship neither harms nor benefits the whales. 
a)
parasitism
b)
commensalism
c)
mutualism
97.
Yucca flowers are pollinated by yucca moths. The moths lay their eggs in the flowers where the larvae hatch and eat some of the developing seeds. Both species benefit. 
a)
parasitism
b)
commensalism
c)
mutualism
98.
A tick is a parasite to a horse. Which statement best describes the relationship between the tick and the horse? 
a)
a.  The tick helps the horse get food. 
b)
a.  The tick harms the horse by feeding on its blood. 
c)
a.  The horse harms the tick by feeding on its blood. 
d)
The tick does not affect the horse. 
99.

What would happen to the bird if the green fish died out?

a)

the bird population would grow

b)

the bird population would die out

c)

the smaller fish will die out

100.
Which of the following is a herbivore?
a)
cricket
b)
frog
c)
hawk
d)
shrew
101.

Who is the producer?

a)

lettuce

b)

greenfly

c)

ladybird

d)

thrush

102.
An organism that gets energy from breaking down dead organisms, non-living material or waste is a(an) ___________.
a)
producer
b)
consumer
c)
decomposer
d)
autotroph
103.

Using a light microscope, a student identified the following characteristics of 4 organisms found in a sample of pond water. (look at the picture) Based on the table, which organisms most likely belong to the taxonomic group for bacteria?

a)

organisms 1 and 2

b)

organisms 2 and 3

c)

organisms 1 and 4

d)

organisms 3 and 4

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