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TEST: ECOLOGY, NATURAL SELECTION, EVOLUTION

Total questions: 52

Worksheet time: 3hrs 58mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is ecology?

a)

the study of interactions between organisms and their environments

b)

the study of animals

c)

the study of how genes are passed down from generation to generation

d)

the study of rocks

2.

Match the following levels of classification to their definitions:

a)

1 individual

1.

Organism

b)

All the same species

2.

Population

c)

All the different living things

3.

Community

d)

All the biotic and abiotic things

4.

Ecosystem

3.

Select all that apply: Which of the following are biotic factors? (SELECT MORE THAN ONE)

a)

Rocks

b)

Water

c)

Moss

d)

Bacteria

4.

Select all that apply: Which of the following are abiotic factors? (SELECT MORE THAN ONE)

a)

Sand

b)

Water

c)

Animals

d)

Plants

5.

Pictured is a food web.


Which organism is an omnivore?

a)

Deer

b)

Berries

c)

Black bear

d)

Red Fox

6.

Pictured is a food web.


Which organism is a producer?

a)

Deer

b)

Berries

c)

Black bear

d)

Red fox

7.

Pictured is a food web.


Which organism is a herbivore?

a)

Deer

b)

Berries

c)

Black bear

d)

Red fox

8.

Pictured is a food web.


Which organism is a carnivore?

a)

Deer

b)

Berries

c)

Black bear

d)

Red fox

9.

Pictured is a food web.


What needs to be added to complete the cycling of matter through the ecosystem?

a)

Herbivores

b)

Producers

c)

Decomposers

d)

Consumers

10.

Pictured is a food web.


What needs to be added to complete the cycling of matter through the ecosystem?

a)

Herbivores

b)

Producers

c)

Decomposers

d)

Consumers

11.

Decomposers are important in the food web because they

a)

Produce their own food using light from the sun

b)

Stop the flow of energy from one organism to another

c)

Break down dead organisms and recycle nutrients into the soil

d)

Are microscopic and other organisms eat them

12.

A food web is pictured.


What is the source of energy for the algae?

a)

Sun

b)

Rotifers, water fleas, and tadpoles

c)

Decomposers

d)

Algae does not need energy

13.

Box turtles get their energy from insects, berries, and fruit. Box turtles are...

a)

Producers

b)

Herbivores

c)

Omnivores

d)

Carnivores

14.

Which type of organism makes its own food

a)

autotropph

b)

heterotroph

15.

What are some characteristics of deserts? (SELECT 2)

a)

lots of trees

b)

high average rainfall

c)

low average rainfall

d)

extreme temperature variations

e)

grasslands

16.

What are some characteristics of rainforests? (SELECT 3)

a)

lots of trees

b)

high year round temperature

c)

high amount of rainfall

d)

grasslands

e)

low year round temperature

17.

What are some characteristics of tundra? (SELECT 3)

a)

permafrost

b)

very cold, low average temperatures

c)

lots of trees

d)

small amount of plants

e)

high amount of rainfall

18.

What are some characteristics of a temperate deciduous forest? (SELECT 2)

a)

leaves change color in the fall

b)

lots of trees

c)

hot year round

d)

low amount of rainfall

19.

What are some characteristics of a tropical grassland/savanna? (SELECT 3)

a)

warm temperatures

b)

seasonal rainfall

c)

lots of trees

d)

grassland

e)

low average temperature

20.

Which biome consists of diverse deciduous trees, warm summers, cool winters, and can be found in the eastern US?

a)

Taiga

b)

Temperate forest

c)

Tropical rainforest

d)

Temperate grassland

21.

In Australia, native birds have found a new supply of food atop the back of introduced buffalo. While the birds pick off the parasites and insects on the buffalo neck, the buffalo avoids infections and is free of parasites.

a)

Amensalism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

d)

Mutualism

22.

What type of symbiosis?

Helminths cause damage to their host by disrupting the absorption of nutrients in the body, causing weakness, malnutrition and an increased risk for disease and infection.

a)

Commensalism

b)

Parasitism

c)

Mutualism

23.
Yucca flowers are pollinated by yucca moths. The moths lay their eggs in the flowers where the larvae hatch and eat some of the developing seeds. Both species benefit. 
a)
parasitism
b)
commensalism
c)
mutualism
24.

Remora fish stuck in the shark so they can travel over water. This represents:

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

25.

The hummingbird receives nectar from the flower, and in return the flower is pollinated by the hummingbird.

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

d)

Predation

26.

This Caribbean hermit crab (coenobita clypeatus) uses the shell of a dead snail for protection against its predators.

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

d)

Predation

27.

The golden ground beetle is provided nutrition by the worms that it preys on.

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

d)

Predation

28.

A close relationship between two species in which at least one species benefits is called -

a)

Facilitated diffusion

b)

Symbiosis

c)

Marriage

d)

Competition

29.
Which symbols best describe mutualism?
a)
+,+
b)
+,-
c)
+,0
d)
-,0
30.
Which symbols best describe parasitism?
a)
+,+
b)
+,-
c)
+,0
d)
-,0
31.
The direction of the flow of energy in a food web is represented by ___.
a)
Light bulbs
b)
Dotted Lines
c)
Arrows
d)
Bubbles
32.
The rabbit in this food web would be considered a:
a)
Decomposer
b)
Producer
c)
Secondary Consumer
d)
Primary Consumer
33.
Why might an organism have more than one arrow coming from them in a food web?
a)
More than one organism may eat them. 
b)
They may eat more than one other organism. 
c)
This organism gets its energy from multiple sources. 
d)
They have no resources available to them.
34.
What does a food web represent?
a)
All connections of energy flow throughout all organisms in a habitat.
b)
The specific ways that mutualism is carried out.
c)
A single pathway or energy flow between organisms. 
d)
How carnivores get their food. 
35.

An organism in a food web that eats other consumers to obtain energy.

a)

Producer

b)

Secondary

Consumer

c)

Prey

d)

Scavenger

36.

A heterotroph...

a)

is an autotroph

b)

eats other organisms

c)

is a primary producer

d)

is an autotroph & a primary producer

37.

Put this food chain in the correct order

a)

Grass

b)

Grasshopper

c)

Shrew

d)

Snake

e)

Mountain Lion

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
38.
Question Image

Match each organism with the correct trophic level

a)

Producer

1.

Grass

b)

Primary Consumer

2.

Squirrel

c)

Secondary Consumer

3.

Insect Eating Bird

d)

Apex Predator

4.

Mountain Lion

e)

Decomposer

5.

Bacteria

39.
What percentage of energy is passed on to each tropic level?
a)
10%
b)
50%
c)
90%
d)
100%
40.

Which of the following best describes what the image represents?

a)

Genetic Drift

b)

Migration

c)

Mutation

d)

Natural Selection

41.

Which scientist is considered the father of evolution?

a)

Jean-Baptist Lamarck

b)

Hershey and Chase

c)

Charles Darwin

d)

Carleous Linnaeus

42.

Adaptations can be:

a)

camouflage

b)

ability to survive cold weather

c)

hunting skills

d)

all of the above

43.
Where the better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to offspring.
a)
Evolution
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Extinction
d)
Artifical Selection
44.

Natural Selection is driven by a change in the environment and survival of the

a)

Earth

b)

Fastest

c)

Fittest

d)

Biggest

45.

Change in a population over time that descend from a common ancestor.

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Selective Breeding

c)

Homeostasis

d)

Evolution

46.

What is most likely to happen to moth populations in the picture shown?

a)

Light moths--hunted easily, dark moths--population increase

b)

Dark moths--hunted easily, dark moths--population increase

c)

Light moths--hunted easily, light moths--population increase

d)

Lights moths will change their color to match dark moths.

47.

This diagram shows a phylogenetic tree of six species based on amino acid similarities.


Which two species are the least closely related?

a)

V and VI

b)

III and IV

c)

I and VI

d)

II and III

48.
Which organisms pictured on the cladogram have hair?
a)
prosimians only
b)
prosimians and humans
c)
humans only
d)
prosimians and birds
49.

Some animals are able to copy other animals in order to look more dangerous to get away from predators. What is this called?

a)

Hibernation

b)

Camouflage

c)

Mimicry

d)

Migration

50.

I am a polar bear who lives in the arctic. My fur is a beautiful white, just like the snow I live in. What adaptation is this adaptation called?

a)

camouflage

b)

mimicry

c)

migration

d)

hibernation

51.

The forelimbs of mammals have similar anatomy because these groups descended from a recent common ancestor. Their bone structure is an example of a(n) ______________ structure.

a)

vestigial

b)

analogous

c)

homologous

52.

The pelvic bone of whales is not needed for movement within the water. This is an example of a(n) ______________ structure.

a)

vestigial

b)

analogous

c)

homologous

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