The chart shows the Mohs scale for measuring the hardness of minerals. A

mineral that can scratch fluorite and can be scratched by orthoclase is able

to

Cyanite, quartz, and leucite

may be grouped together because they all

contain

when existing rocks are buried deep and are heated by a nearby source of magma

allows crystals to form

heat and pre

occurs when large sediments are glued together by minerals deposited between the

sediments.

when rocks are buried deep enough to be melted back into magma

are small pieces of loose materials such as rock fragments, mineral grains, and bits of plant

and animal remains.

occurs when small sediments stick together to form solid rock.

is the laying down of rock forming material from any natural process

is the movement of weathered materials to new locations, where they are then deposited.

rocks can be remelted to form magma, beginning at the beginning again

Being buried deep under the surface in areas of high temperatures and pressures or coming in contact with

magma can cause these sedimentary rocks to change to

These pieces of igneous rocks are cemented together with other bits of rock and form a sedimentary rock called

These bits of broken rock are washed away

The igneous rock then breaks apart over time through the

Lave hardens into igneous rock

The magma hardens into igneous rock

Technically, ALL rocks start as magma.

Igneous rocks start

General map features

Things topographic maps show

how you know where the river is

indicated by an "X" usually the peak of a hill or mountain

marked point of exact elevation of a specific point

lines that indicate a depression

contour line that is thicker and labled with

the elevation

connect lines of equal elevation.

Topographic Profiles:

Major uses of GPS

GPS allows you to find

A student found the rock shown here and weighed it to determine its mass. What steps should the student take to find its density?

A student set up an experiment to test the effects of soil compaction on plant growth. The student

put equal weights of moist soil into 10 containers, planted a bean seed one inch deep in each

container, and then firmly compacted the soil in 5 of the containers. After the seeds sprouted, the

student measured the height of each plant every day and kept a record of the results. What else must

the student do over time to ensure a valid experiment?

One step in determining the metal content of a ring is to find the

volume of the ring. What is the volume of this ring?

Geology – the study of

Oceanography – the study of

Meteorology – the study of

Astronomy – the study of

hypothesis

Independent variable

Dependent Variable

Constant

Control

conclusion

Density: Calculate the density of the

following mineral samples and plot

the data on the graph.

Sample #1: mass=90g, volume=30mL

Sample #2: mass=75g, volume=25mL

Sample #3: mass=60g, volume=20mL

SI for distance/length:

SI for mass:

SI for volume:

SI for density of regular solids:

SI for density of IRREGULAR solids:

SI for temperature:

How is the tool use to measure?

How is the tool use to measure?

How is the tool use to measure?

shows the locations of primary and secondary roadways, cities, places of interest

shows the elevation of a specific location

shows the underlying geologic formations, fault lines, etc. of an area

shows the depths of the ocean floor or large bodies of water

a map showing the location of constellations, planets, and deep sky objects in the sky

a map showing current or forecast weather conditions for an area

a map that uses color and shading to indicate differences in elevation

a map of the world on a sphere (the most accurate projection)

lines show distance in degrees North and South of the equator.

lines are referred to as parallels.

The Northern Hemisphere runs

from

The Southern Hemisphere runs from

Equator

North Pole

South Pole

lines show distance in degrees East and West of the Prime Meridian.

lines are referred to as meridians

Meridians are closer together

Meridians are further apart

how many standard times zones are there?

How many time zones are in the Unites States of America

Things you find on a map to help you identify features:

The river shown on the topographic map flows fastest at point

On the topographic map provided, what is the elevation of point

III?

The longitude of Richmond, Virginia, on the map to the right is

approximately

what does the acronym GPS mean

components of a gps

Topographic Profiles: