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Category 5- Ecology

Total questions: 83

Worksheet time: 1hrs 5mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which is an example of an ecosystem?

a)

An area of cold climate and communities of different species

b)

one elk

c)

a group of elks living together in the same area

d)

elks, snow rabbits, and owls living in the same area

2.

Which definition best fits the term BIOTIC?

a)

The study of the interactions between animals and their environment

b)

Factors in the environment that are considered not alive

c)

Factors in the environment that are considered living or the remains of living things

3.

One species benefits, the other is unaffected

a)

symbiosis

b)

parasitism

c)

mutualism

d)

commensalism

4.

Honey guide birds alert and direct badgers to bee hives. The badgers then expose the hives and feed on the honey first. Then, the honey guide birds eat as well.

a)

symbiosis

b)

parasitism

c)

mutualism

d)

commensalism

5.

Tapeworms reside in human intestine and take nutrients from the human

a)

symbiosis

b)

parasitism

c)

mutualism

d)

commensalism

6.

Vines grow on a tree. The vines get light but the tree is not affected. What kind of relationship is this?

a)

Competition

b)

Mutualism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Parasitism

7.
An organism that helps to recycle nutrients within an ecosystem by eating dead or decaying organisms is a:
a)

Predator

b)

Autotroph

c)

Producer

d)

Decomposer

8.

The ecological role an organism performs in their specific environment is considered the organism's...

a)

Habitat

b)

Population

c)

Biome

d)

Niche

9.
The arrows in a food chain or web represents what?
a)

They point to the organism that is being eaten.

b)

It shows how sunlight flows within an ecosystem.

c)

They show what direction the energy is flowing between organisms. 

d)

They represent how water is transferred within a habitat.

10.

The populations of which organisms will most likely increase as a result of a disease that suddenly reduced the population of Texas horned lizards?

a)

Grasses and ants

b)

Ants and grasshoppers

c)

Grasshoppers and Texas Cottonmouths

d)

Texas cottonmouths and red shouldered hawks

11.

Why might an organism have more than one arrow coming FROM them in a food web?

a)

More than one organism may eat them.

b)

They may eat more than one other organism.

c)

This organism gets its energy from multiple sources.

12.
What is missing from this food chain?
Grass > Grasshopper > Bird > Snake
a)
Producer
b)
Primary Consumer
c)
Secondary Consumer
d)
Decomposer
13.

Match the following

a)

Decomposer

1.

This is an organism that breaks down and gains nutrients from dead organisms.

b)

Predator

2.

This is an animal that lives by preying on other animals.

c)

Producer

3.

This is an organism that supplies matter and energy, also known as an autotroph.

d)

Consumer

4.

This is an organism that relies on other organisms for its food and energy supply; heterotroph

e)

Parasite

5.

This is an organism which feeds on, but usually does not kill, a larger organism

14.

What happens to the amount of available energy in the pyramid as it moves up through the different levels?

a)

it increases

b)

it decreases

c)

it remains the same

15.

In any food web, the organisms that are responsible for converting raw energy into usable chemical energy are collectively called ________ while organisms that recycle the nutrients trapped in dead organisms are collectively called ________.

a)

producers;consumers

b)

producers; decomposers

c)

consumers; decomposers

16.
An area where an organism finds food, shelter and water in a specific arrangement
a)
niche
b)
biosphere
c)
biome
d)
habitat
17.

If a scientist in New Zealand was studying how a group of herbivores interacted with a group of omnivores, and all of their abiotic surroundings, what level of ecology would she be studying?

a)

Community

b)

Population

c)

Species

d)

Ecosystem

e)

Biome

18.

Ruby-throated hummingbirds live in woodland areas, but also frequent gardens where flowering plants are plentiful. They hover to feed on flowers, nectar, and sap. During this floral feeding process, the birds pollinate many plants. These tiny birds are omnivores, sometimes feeding on insects and spiders.

a)

Habitat of an autotroph

b)

Niche of an autotroph

c)

Niche of a heterotroph

d)

Habitat of a heterotroph

19.

If there are 100 KJ of energy available at the secondary consumer level, how many KJ of energy are available at the producer level?

a)

10 KJ

b)

1,000 KJ

c)

10,000 KJ

d)

1 KJ

20.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

21.
a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

22.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

23.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

24.
a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

25.
a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

26.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

27.
a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

28.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

29.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

30.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

31.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

32.
a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

33.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

34.
a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

35.
a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

36.
a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

37.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

38.
a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

39.

Which one is an example of the role of microorganisms:

a)

Bacteria in your intestines helping digest food

b)

Bacteria in the water that you drink causes you to become ill

c)

Bacteria in the soil helping plants grow by providing nutrients in the soil

40.

What are the two types of ecological succession?

a)

primary and tertiary

b)

secondary and tertiary

c)

primary and secondary

41.

Primary succession starts on

a)

rock

b)

grass

c)

soil

d)

shrubs

42.

Only ______ and ______ can grow on rocks.

a)

lichen and trees

b)

moss and lichen

c)

moss and grass

43.

When moss and lichen die they become what for producers to grow on?

a)

rock

b)

soil

c)

trees

44.

Secondary success occurs after a:

a)

stable ecosystem

b)

natural disaster

c)

normal stability

45.

Which succession takes the longest to grow into a stable ecosystem?

a)

primary

b)

secondary

46.

Why does it take less time for secondary succession to occur?

a)

because there are rocks

b)

because there is soil

c)

because it just does

47.

Tapeworms reside in human intestine and take nutrients from the human

a)

symbiosis

b)

parasitism

c)

mutualism

d)

commensalism

48.

Which type of succession happens when a new island is formed by a volcano erupting?

a)

primary succession

b)

secondary succession

49.

Match the following

a)
1.

Primary succession

b)
2.

pioneer species

c)
3.

abiotic factor

d)
4.

secondary sucession

e)
5.

climax community

50.

What is the main difference between primary and secondary ecological succession?

a)

Primary begins WITHOUT soil; Secondary begins WITH soil

b)

Primary is the first state and secondary is the second stage

c)

Primary builds plant community; secondary builds animal community.

d)

Primary begins WITH soil; Secondary begins WITHOUT soil

51.

What is an example of an area that is likely to undergo primary succession?

a)

Glaciers melt and leave exposed rock

b)

Plants die from drought and decompose

c)

Land is bulldozed and soil remains

52.

After a volcanic eruption, volcanic rock is present (but no soil). Which of the following states the most likely order of succession that would be seen?

a)

Lichens → Shrubs → Grasses → Trees

b)

Lichens → tree → shrubs→Grasses

c)

Grasses → Lichens → Shrubs → Trees

d)

Lichens → Grasses → Shrubs → Trees

53.

Primary or secondary ecological succession?

a)
b)
54.
What is the order of succession shown in this figure?
a)
A, B, C, D
b)
B, A, D, C
c)
C, D, A, B
d)
D, A, B, C
55.
What is the correct order from oldest (happened first) to youngest (happened last) in this pond succession?
a)
A, B, C, D
b)
D, C, B, A
c)
B, A, D, C
d)
C, D, A, B
56.

newly exposed or newly formed rock is colonized by living things for the first time. Certain hardy plants and lichens with few soil requirements, called pioneer species, colonize the area first.

a)

Climax community

b)

Primary succession

c)

Ecological succession

d)

Secondary succession

57.

A species that has a disproportionately large effect on community structure relative to their abundance.

a)

Pioneer Species

b)

Invasive Species

c)

Keystone Species

d)

Foundation Species

58.

Match the following

a)

Biomass

1.

the total amount of living tissue in a trophic level.

b)

Species richness

2.

All the populations of all the different species that live together in a particular area

c)

Complexity

3.

the state or quality of being intricate or complicated

d)

Dynamic Equilibrium

4.

a state of balance between continuing processes

e)

Biodiversity

5.

the variety of organisms in an area, by species, genes, populations, and communities

59.

Non-native species whose introduction causes, or can cause harm in their new area

a)

Pioneer Species

b)

Invasive Species

c)

Keystone Species

d)

Foundation Species

60.

all living things and their physical environments within a particular area

a)

Community

b)

Invasive Species

c)

Ecosystem

d)

Biodiversity

61.

The first species to populate an area during succession.

a)

Keystone species

b)

Pioneer species

c)

Foundation species

d)

Invasive species

62.

What process converts nitrogen gas into a biologically useful (fixed) form?

a)

Respiration

b)

Assimilation

c)

Denitrification

d)

Nitrogen fixation

63.

Which organisms play the largest role in converting nitrogen into various usable forms and back to a gas form?

a)

rabbits

b)

bacteria

c)

plants

d)

worms

64.

How do animals get nitrogen to make important biological molecules?

a)

Breathe it in through the air

b)

Fix it from nitrogen gas

c)

Consume other organisms

d)

Assimilate it through the soil

65.

Which of the following cannot fix nitrogen?

a)

lightning

b)

fertilizer production

c)

combustion

d)

rain

66.

Which of the following is not a possible process that results in ammonification?

a)

photosynthesis

b)

decomposition

c)

nitrogen fixation

d)

fertilizer production

67.

What happens to carbon during the process of photosynthesis?

a)

CO2 is released by plants

b)

CO2 is taken up by plants

c)

organic carbon is taken up through plant roots

d)

carbon is lost through heat

68.

The process of breathing in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide into the air (or water) is...

a)

Assimilation

b)

Decomposition

c)

Photosynthesis

d)

Respiration

69.

Which of the following best describes weathering and erosion?

a)

when it rains on rocks

b)

decay of dead organisms

c)

break down of rocks that wash into the water

d)

when a volcano erupts

70.

Which of the following best describes the Greenhouse Effect?

a)

when solar radiation reflects off the atmosphere

b)

heat is retained in Earth's atmosphere by greenhouse gases

c)

plants grow better when a greenhouse is filled with CO2

d)

when solar radiation hits Earth's surface directly

71.

Which gas is most abundant in the atmosphere?

a)

carbon dioxide

b)

methane

c)

nitrous oxide

d)

nitrogen gas

72.

Which of the following does NOT release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere?

a)

volcanic activity

b)

respiration

c)

photosynthesis

d)

fossil fuel combustion

73.

The most abundant Greenhouse Gas in the atmosphere is...

a)

carbon dioxide

b)

nitrogen gas

c)

nitrate

d)

oxygen

74.

The process of making nitrites and nitrates is...

a)

denitrification

b)

nitrogen fixation

c)

nitrification

d)

ammonification

75.

What does denitrification do?

a)

converts fixed nitrogen into nitrogen gas

b)

converts nitrogen gas into fixed nitrogen

c)

makes nitrates

d)

makes ammonia

76.

What is the percentage of the Nitrogen in the air ?

a)

1%

b)

21%

c)

78%

77.

True or False: Bacteria fix nitrogen from the atmosphere into a form plants can use

a)

True

b)

False

78.

Which of the following is correct about the carbon cycle?

a)

Photosynthesis of plant life is one of the main producers of CO2

b)

Burning fossil fuels decreases atmospheric CO2

c)

Glucose is a form of carbon storage in plants

d)

Cellular respiration is a process that decreases CO2

79.

Which is a true statement about the Nitrogen Cycle?

a)

The burning of fossil fuels has no effect on the Nitrogen Cycle

b)

Bacteria are responsible for converting Nitrogen into a form that can be used by plants

c)

Nitrogen is not a very important element to living organisms

d)

Nitrogen fixing takes place during photosynthesis

80.
Which of the following add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?
a)
volcanoes
b)
combustion of fossil fuels
c)
animal and plant respiration
d)
all of these
81.
How nitrogen is "fixed" into useable form for plants
a)
only through action of bacteria
b)
only through lightning
c)
through action of bacteria & lightning
d)
through photosynthesis
82.
Why do all organisms need nitrogen?
a)
To live and grow 
b)
To build phosphorus
c)
To make oxygen levels grow
d)
To help blood circulate better
83.

Where does nitrogen go once it is in the soil?

a)

stems of plants

b)

leaves of plants

c)

roots of plants

d)

flowers of plants

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