WorksheetsEnlightenment Test Review
Total questions: 87
Worksheet time: 44mins
The discoveries of astronomers like Copernicus and Galileo
established that the universe was sun-centered, or heliocentric.
reinforced most of the traditional teachings of philosophers and the Church.
were supported by most scientists of the time.
proved that ancient philosophers, like Ptolemy, were correct in their views of how the universe works.
Why is it important that the scientific method is a structured step-by-step process?
It ensures that all scientists start with a hypothesis.
It ensures that observations and discoveries are the result of steps that can be repeated.
It makes it harder to duplicate the final result.
It makes it possible for the hypothesis to always be proven correct.
Why was the work of Andreas Vesalius so important to medicine?
His studies of the human circulatory system correctly identified the heart as a pump that pushed blood through the human body.
His work with ointments to prevent infection led the way for later discoveries in disease prevention.
His book accurately describing human anatomy helped other medical scientists' research and discoveries.
His development of a more powerful microscope allowed scientists to see microorganisms for the first time.
Isaac Newton's contributions to science are sometimes referred to as the "Newtonian Revolution" because he
was directly responsible for advances in all the fields of science of his time.
totally disproved the traditional Ptolemaic belief that the sun and planets revolved around Earth.
combined physics, mathematics, and astronomy to explain why the planets moved as they did.
developed the laws of geometry that are still used today.
The ideas of Francis Bacon and René Descartes led to a new scientific method because they both believed that
basic scientific fact is obvious to those who look hard enough at available data.
the traditional teachings of the Church should form the basis of all scientific inquiry.
truth could only be determined after a process of investigation.
the discoveries of the ancient philosophers were valid but should be documented in a modern way.
Which scientist was responsible for the heliocentric model of the universe?
Galileo Galilei
Isaac Newton
René Descartes
Nicolaus Copernicus
What was the eventual result of the scientific contributions of René Descartes and Francis Bacon?
A new, step-by-step scientific method resulted, based on inquiry, experimentation, and observation.
A new body of science called chemistry was established, which proposed that all matter is composed of tiny particles.
Mathematics was applied to the movement of planets, in which laws of gravity were observed and established.
The geocentric view of the universe was discarded despite Church pressure in favor of the heliocentric model.
What general conclusion did Isaac Newton's observation of gravity have on the way we understand the universe?
The law of gravity is the force that explains why the sun is at the center of the solar system.
The law of gravity is one of several natural forces that explains and governs the motion of the planets and stars.
The laws of physics use gravity to help illustrate and model a form of higher mathematics called calculus, in part developed by Newton.
Gravity was the missing link that was needed to link astronomy, physics, and mathematics.
What general conclusion did Isaac Newton’s observation of gravity have on the way we understand the universe?
The law of gravity is the force that explains why the sun is at the center of the solar system.
The law of gravity is one of several natural forces that explains and governs the motion of the planets and stars.
The laws of physics use gravity to help illustrate and model a form of higher mathematics called calculus, in part developed by Newton.
Gravity was the missing link that was needed to link astronomy, physics, and mathematics.
Which of the following was NOT a source of knowledge prior to the Scientific Revolution?
Plato
Aristotle
Sir Isaac Newton
Ptolemy
The Geocentric Theory is credited to which Greek philosopher:
Plato
Aristotle
Socrates
Ptolemy
Geocentric Theory is based upon when:
The Sun and Moons rotate around the planet Earth
All of the planets and moons rotate around the Sun
Sun is at the center of the universe
Earth is the center of the universe
The Scientific Revolution was a period in history during;
The Late - 1600s
The Middle - 1700s
The Middle - 1550s
Middle Ages
Geo-Kinetic Theory disproves Aristotle's view on Earth being central. The Sun is actually central to our being, and that all Planets rotate around it.
Galileo
Copernicus
Sir Issac Newton
Rene Descartes
Kepler
"Without math, nothing in the Universe including the Universe itself, would be impossible to solve". -The Father of Science
Sir Issac Newton
Galileo
Aristotle
Kepler
Cuba
The Geocentric Theory is based upon which hypothesis:
Sun-Centered Universe
Earth-Centered Universe
Duel Universes
Multiple Universes
Universal Pictures
Natural Philosophy, or the "Investigation into the nature of things" mostly included, but was not limited to, the Study of which of the following subjects"
The Enlightenment and Renaissance Period plus some Art History
Auto Shop, Weightlifting, Theater and Band
P.E.,Yearbook, Cheer and Dance
Chemistry, Physics, Biology, Astrology, Physiology
Math and Science
Age of Reason...Exploration and discoveries...Colonialism and Imperialism. What country invested the most in order to introduce a type of spiritual worship to many of the Indigenous peoples of the world.
England
Britain
United States
Spain
Portugal
Natural Rights, human rights, life liberty, property is the political philosophy of which Enlightenment Thinker?
Jean Jacques Rousseau
Black Jacques Shillac
Montesquieu
John Locke
The Social Contract is the idea of which Enlightenment Thinker?
John Locke
Jean Jacques Rousseau
Voltaire
Thomas Hobbs
During the Age of Reason or Renaissance was a period of time where a Salon was;
Where one would get a manicure-pedicure.
Where a person could go and get their hair did and nails done.
Where intellectuals, writers and artists would gather to exchange pertinent information and sharing big ideas.
Was initially held in the homes of women of social and intellectual status.
School of Cosmetology
Which theoretical physicist is most closely associated with quantum mechanics, mini-black holes and the field of general relativity?
Stephen Hawking
Neil DeGrasse Tyson
Sir Issac Newton
Albert Einstein
Professor Peabody
What Scientist created the first two laws of planetary motion?
Neil DeGrasse Tyson
Sir Issac Newton
Steven Hawking
Johannes Kepler
Albert Einstein
Laws of Motion
Hans Delbruck
Isaac Newton
Albert Einstein
Neil DeGrasse Tyson
Gallieo
Astrophysicist
Stephen Hawking
Neil DeGrasse Tyson
Albert Einstein
Galileo
Copernicus
Which of the following philosophes stated there should be three branches of government?
Montesquieu
Newton
Voltaire
Diderot
Which of the following philosophes wrote the spirit of the laws?
Montesquieu
Newton
Voltaire
Diderot
Which of the following was best known for his criticism of Christianity?
Montesquieu
Newton
Voltaire
Diderot
Which of the following was a deist?
Montesquieu
Newton
Voltaire
Diderot
What is deism?
French word for philosopher
a form of government in which the legislative , executive, and judicial branches limit and control each other
a system of thought based on reason is the chief source of knowledge
an 18th century religious philosophy based on reason and natural law
What is philosophe?
French word for philosopher
a form of government in which the legislative , executive, and judicial branches limit and control each other
a system of thought based on reason is the chief source of knowledge
an 18th century religious philosophy based on reason and natural law
What is separation of powers?
French word for philosopher
a form of government in which the legislative , executive, and judicial branches limit and control each other
a system of thought based on reason is the chief source of knowledge
an 18th century religious philosophy based on reason and natural law
Which of the following wrote the Encyclopedia?
Montesquieu
Newton
Voltaire
Diderot
Which of these purpose was to change the general way of thinking?
Montesquieu
Newton
Voltaire
Diderot
Who is this?
Montesquieu
Newton
Voltaire
Diderot
The Enlightenment was...
a period when citizens were happy with their rulers
a period when individuals started using reason to question the government
a period when Buddhist were able to reach nirvana
a period marked by closed minded and isolation
The historical circumstances which led to the Enlightenment were
civil unrest caused by disease and famine
absolute rulers treating their citizens fairly and allowing them to live in their palaces
citizens were content to live how they always had
absolute rulers treating their citizens poorly
John Locke believed
people have the natural rights of life, liberty, and property.
the government should be divided into three branches
in freedom of speech
the government is mostly good and should not be questioned
According to John Locke, the role of the government is to
make laws
rule with an iron fist
protect the financial interests of the people
protect citizens' natural rights
According to John Locke, if the government fails to protect the natural rights of their citizens, the people should
do nothing
advocate for change through peace protests
overthrow the government
take a nap
John Locke wrote
Two Treatises of Government
A Vindication of the Rights of Women
The Social Contract
The Spirit of Laws
Voltaire advocated for
freedom of religion
freedom of assembly
freedom of press
freedom of speech
Jean-Jacques Rousseau believed in
freedom of speech
social contract theory
natural rights of life, liberty, and property
separation of powers
Social contract theory is the idea that
a binding legal document between citizens and the government
people agree to give up some of their rights in order to form a government that will protect their natural rights
people agree to live in a society with no rules
people always maintain all of their rights
Rousseau wrote
The Two Treatises of Government
The Spirit of Laws
A Vindication of the Rights of Women
The Social Contract
Baron de Montesquieu believe in
separation of powers
freedom of speech
everyone has the natural rights of life, liberty, and property
social contract theory
Montesquieu believed that the government should be divided into three branches:
the legislative, the parliament, and the army
the executive, the legislative, and the judicial
the judicial, the king, and the executive
the emperor, the shogun, and the daimyo
Montesquieu wrote
The Social Contract
The Two Treatises of Government
A Vindication of the Rights of Women
The Spirit of the Laws
The global impact of Enlightenment ideals was it inspire
revolutions around the world (America, France, Latin America)
people to continue supporting absolute monarchs
the industrial revolution
exploration
Who said:
"Since every man is equal and since most men do not concern themselves with equity and justice, the enjoyment of rights in the state of nature is unsafe and insecure. Hence each man joins in society with others to preserve his life, liberty, and property."
Locke
Rousseau
Voltaire
Montesquieu
Who said:
"When the legislative and executive powers are united in the same person, or in the same body of magistrates [government employees], there can be no liberty... Again there is no liberty if the judiciary power be not separated from the legislative and executive..."
Locke
Rousseau
Voltaire
Montesquieu
Who said:
"I... regard the establishment of the political body as real contract between the people and the chiefs chosen by them: a contract by which both parties bind themselves to observe the laws therein expressed, which form the ties of their union."
Locke
Rousseau
Voltaire
Montesquieu
Who said:
"I do not agree with what you have to say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it."
Locke
Rousseau
Voltaire
Montesquieu
Mary Wollstonecraft advocated for
women's rights and education
the abolition of slavery
women staying home and raising children
absolute monarchs
Mary Wollstonecraft wrote
The Two Treatises of Government
The Spirit of the Laws
A Vindication of the Rights of Women
The Social Contract
William Wilberforce was a part of the __________ movement in Great Britain.
Feminist
Abolition
Prohibition
Civil Rights
Abolition refers to
getting rid of slavery
getting rid of the English government
destroying absolute monarchs
maintaining the social order
Catherine the Great was
an absolute ruler who treated her people poorly
an Enlightened Despot
an elected official
extremely disliked by the Russian people
An Enlightened Despot refers to
an absolute ruler who used enlightenment ideals to shape their country
an absolute ruler who only used their opinions to make decisions
a philosophe who liked arguing
an average citizen who has good ideas
One way Catherine the Great was different from other absolute monarch was because
she refused to educate women
she killed all her enemies
she never listened to advice
she asked for advice from nobles and peasants
The Enlightenment is made up of two different movements of thought. Which choice is NOT one of them?
Renaissance
Scientific Revolution
Parliamentarianism
Another word for philosopher is...
doctor
thinker
minister
actor
Enlightenment philosophers directly criticized the power of _______ Monarchs
Absolute
Enlightened
Malevolent
Russian
What is a Salon?
a place to have your hair styled
A gathering of people primarily to discuss ideas of the philosophes
place where people gathered to share paintings of animals in tiny hats
place where people gathered to worship
In the Age of Enlightenment, philosophers moved away from __________ and championed ______________
Absolutism and Colonization
Science and Superstition
Absolutism and Democracy
Democracy and Absolutism
Enlightened Despots attempted to introduce reforms in their country. Which was not a reason why they introduced the reforms
To make their countries stronger
To help all of their peasants become better off
To make their own rule more effective
This philosopher believed there should be separate branches of government
Locke
Montesquieu
Rosseau
Voltaire
Define "social contract"
an entire society of Imperial Stormtroopers
The document that allows the people to vote for their kings
an entire society agrees to be governed by its king
The thought that the government doesn't come from the king's divine right but from the will of the people
A lot of Philosophes are from France. Which Philosopher is from England
Jean Jacques Rousseau
John Lock
Louis de Bourbon
Fredrick Hohenzollern
this Philosophe believed that information belonged to all people and helped to write the Encyclopédie.
John Locke
Jean Jacques Rousseau
Montesquieu
Denis DIderot
John Locke believed that there are some rights that cannot be taken away and that people are born with them. what are these laws/rights referred to as?
Cheetos law/rights
Natural laws/rights
Civil laws/rights
Untouchable laws/rights
A champion of civil liberties in danger by oppressive governments, the philosopher Voltaire would have said which quote?
“[the Monarch is] the first servant of the state.”
“I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it”
"I am the State"
"I should like to be a horse."
