Font size
WorksheetsFinal Exam Review All QUESTIONS
Total questions: 88
Worksheet time: 50mins
Which statement defines a scientific theory?
combined current scientific evidence that explains a series of phenomena
past experiments that reveal information about a single phenomenon
combined observations that describe a series of phenomena
current scientific evidence that models a certain phenomenon
How does salt dissolves in water?
covalent bonds are formed between H and Cl, and O and Na
Covalent bonds are formed between H and Na, and O and CL
electrostatic (ionic) bonds are formed between O and Cl, and H and Na
electrostatic (ionic) bonds are formed between H and Cl, and O and Na
What investigation would you perform to see why manatees are seen during winter months near a power plant?
Create a model of a manatee to study locomotion in the water
a yearlong study to determine which temperatures they inhabit most often.
a controlled experiment to determine the amount of body heat released
record the change in water temperature in the body of water for one month
Evaporation occurs when water begins to change state from liquid to gas. How does evaporation help moderate temperature?
Water absorbs little energy with a great change in temp
water absorbs a great deal of energy with no change in temp
Water absorbs little energy without a great change in temp
Water absorbs little energy without a great change in temp
When is a scientific theory accepted?
the theory is proved correct once
the theory is supported by public opinion
many scientific investigations have similar results
Many scientific leaders agree with the collected data
Students are observing an art piece at a museum. Which question would best be answered scientifically?
What was the composition of the paint the artist used?
What mood was the artist in while painting the piece?
What technique did the artist use to paint the piece?
What was the artist's intention for the painting?
Democritus believed matter was formed from atoms that had different structures, sizes, & shapes. How was this verified?
through confirmation in early philosophical texts
through the continued discussion among modern philosophers
through knowledge that all matter must have particles that do not divide
through many years of experimentation by chemists
Gas molecules are invisible. How do scientists make assumptions about the behavior of gases?
through experimental observations and models
through data collection from outer space
through theoretical logic
through mutual agreement
What property of substances determines their solubility in water? (a)
If you were making a model of the atom using apples, oranges, grapes, and cantaloupes, how would you arrange them?
the grapes in the center, the apples &oranges should be around the center
cantaloupes and grapes in the center, apples around the center
apples & oranges in the center, and grapes around the center
the cantaloupes in the center, the oranges and grapes around it
Why does water expand when frozen?
Water forms a crystalline structure when freezing
water ionizes when it freezes and causes it to expand
cold objects naturally expand
water forms ionic filaments which cause it to expand
Which of the following is a chemical property? (a)
Which is an example of a physical change?
burning a candle
dissolving salt in water
iron rusting
an acid neutralizing a base
Is a phase change a chemical change or physical change, and why?
chemical change because gas is given off
physical change because a solid is changing to a gas
physical because physical forces are involved
chemical change because the temperature is increasing
What property explains why the amount of force required to pass a knife through ice is greater than through liquid water
density
intramolecular forces
intermolecular forces
molecular mass
Which of the following models is used to study phenomena that cannot be directly observed
a diagram of the crust, mantle, and core of Earth
a star chart showing northern constellations
a world globe
a weather map showing surface air temperatures
JJ. Thomson's cathode ray experiment led to the discovery of the
proton
neutron
electron
beta particle
Rutherford's gold foil experiment led him to conclude that
electrons are confined to certain atomic levels
positive charges are densely concentrated in the center of the atom
t is impossible to create gold through the bombardment of alpha particles
matter consists of electrons in a sea of positive charges
Which is true about protons and neutrons?
protons are much larger than neutrons
the sum of the charges of neutrons and protons is zero.
neutrons and protons have nearly the same mass
all atoms contain at least one neutron and one proton
Group 2 elements on the periodic table
have two protons
needing two protons for a stable nucleus
have two valence electrons
needing two electrons for a full octet
How is an element's atomic number determined?
the number of protons is the same as the atomic number
the number of electrons around the number of protons and neutrons
the atomic mass
the element's ability to form bonds with other elements
What element has two electrons in the 5s orbital
Y
Mg
Sr
Rb
Properties of alkali earth metals are
somewhat reactive and have two valence electrons
somewhat unreactive and have two valence electrons
unreactive and have 8 valence electrons
unreactive and have 8 valence electrons
Properties of alkali metals are
extremely reactive and have 1 valence electrons
extremely reactive and have 8 valence electrons
extremely unreactive and have 1 valence electrons
extremely unreactive and have 8 valence electrons
Which pair of bonding types is responsible for chemical bonds between atoms?
hydrogen and covalent
ionic and covalent
Van der Waals and hydrogen
ionic and van der Waals
Which of the following compounds has a bent shape as predicted by VSEPR theory?
NH3
BCl3
NH3
H2O
Which of the following compounds has a trigonal planar shape as predicted by VSEPR theory?
NH3
BCl3
NH3
H2O
Which statement best describes the difference in temperature of a 50C water sample and a 100C water sample?
50C sample has a greater mass than 100C sample
100C sample has more kinetic energy than 50C sample
50C sample has more kinetic energy than 100C sample
100C sample has more kinetic energy than 50C sample
Which of the following is an acid that yields H+ or H3O+ ions in solution?
LiOH
HCOOH
NaCl
NO2
Which of the following is a base that yields OH- or hydroxyl ions in solution?
LiOH
NaCl
HCOOH
NO2
What types of bonds would most likely form between N and O atoms?
oppositvely charged ions hold the atoms together
oppositely charged ions hold the atoms together
electrons are shared between atoms
delocalized electrons attract the atoms together
What types of bonds would most likely form between Na and Cl atoms?
covalent
ionic
double bond
metallic bond
If a solution has a higher concentration of OH- ions than H3O+ ions, the pH will be
5c
7
6
8
Which statement best describes why carbon can form a variety of organic compounds?
carbon can form 4 covalent bonds & can bond with many other types of atoms
carbon can react with hydrogen and oxygen to form biochemical compounds
Carbon has high ionization energy, allowing for double & triple bonds
Carbon can form two bonds with metal ions
Condensation is an
exothermic process
endothermic process
Melting is an
exothermic process
endothermic process
When a gas is cooled
the kinetic energy increases
the kinetic energy decreases
the atoms condense
the atoms expand
When radioactive elements breakdown, it is an example of a
physical change
nuclear change
chemical change
The difference between fission and fusion is
fission converts matter to energy
fission releases particles
fission involves splitting the nucleus
fission releases a lot of energy
Which of these involves an endothermic CHEMICAL change
freezing ice
cooling air
burning wood
melting wax
How does an electron move to a higher energy level
the electron absorbs energy
the electron becomes a proton
the electron transfers a proton
When an electron in the excited state returns to its ground state
energy is created
energy is destroyed
energy is emitted
energy is absorbed
How is radioactive decay measured?
atomic number
half life
atomic mass
proton loss
Under STP, how many liters of H2 will be consumed if 60.3 L O2 is used up in the reaction: 2H2 +O2 → 2H2O
0.24 L
10.8 L
0.17 L
1.9 L
In the reaction 2H2 +O2 → 2H2O , what is the total mass of the reactants using the amount of moles in the chemical question:
68.0 g
36.0 g
34.0 g
20.0 g
In the reaction 2H2 +O2 → 2H2O , how many grams of water are produced when 5.00 mole of hydrogen reacts with excess oxygen?
90.0 g
36.0 g
45.0 g
20.0 g
Radioactive atoms decay to
increase their stability and release a lot energy
decrease their stability and release a lot of energy
increase their stability and release small amounts of energy
decrease their stability and release small amounts of energy
The original periodic table was organized according to
atomic mass
atomic number
mass number
proton number
Electrons available to be lost, gained, or shared when atoms form a compound are called
ions
electron clouds
valence electrons
neutrino
The periodic table allowed chemists to
predict properties of undiscovered elements
complete the discovery of the noble gases
create new elements
organize elements into predictable patterns
Energy is not created or destroyed in a chemical or physical change is known as
law of physical and chemical change
Law of conservation of mass
law of conservation of energy
feedback loops
The equation AX → A+ X is the equation for a
synthesis reaction
decomposition reaction
combustion reaction
single-displacement reaction
The equation A+ X → AX is the equation for a
synthesis reaction
decomposition reaction
combustion reaction
single-displacement reaction
The equation AB+ C → CB + A is the equation for a
synthesis reaction
decomposition reaction
combustion reaction
single-displacement reaction
A substance whose water solution is a good conductor of electricity is a(n)
nonelectrolyte
electrolyte
nonpolar substance
solute
An electron's location (CHECK ALL THAT APPLY)
is in the center of the atom
exists in nuclear orbits
is never really known (it's a probability)
is found in the electron cloud
The position of each element according to Periodic Law is a function of their atomic
masses
numbers
radii
charges
Magnesium, Calcium, Beryllium are
halogens
noble gases
alkali metals
alkaline earth metals
C6H12O6+ 6O2 → 6CO2 +6H2O is an example of a
synthesis reaction
combustion reaction
double-displacement reaction
decomposition reaction
Mixtures can be separated using
chemical properties
physical properties
The density of water is 10. 49 g/cm3. If you have a volume of 5.3 cm3, what would the mass be?
0.5052 g
1.979 g
52.45 g
55.60 g
Elements in the same family on the periodic table have
the same atomic radius
they have similar properties
they have similar molecular weights
they have the same number of protons
A compound
is made of a fixed ratio of two or more elements chemically
combined
contains two or more elements that are physically combined
displays physical characteristics of the mixture
cannot be separated physically or chemically
A mixture
cannot be separated physically or chemically
combines to form a compound that cannot be separated physically
can contain two or more compounds physically combined
contains two or more compounds that are chemically combined
Which of the following is a mixture but NOT a solution
oil and vinegar
water and salt
sugar in water
Kool Aid
A solution is saturated when
the solute is not soluble in water
no more solute will dissolve in the water
there is no undissolved solute appearing
In the neutralization reaction below, which is the salt in the equation?
2HCl + Ca(OH )2 → CaCl2 +2H2O
HCl
Ca(OH)2
CaCl2
H2O
Density is used to determine (check all that apply)
the identity of the substance
if it will sink or float
how much kinetic energy a substance has
A strong acid has a pH of
13
8
4
2
What group does an atom with the electron configuration of 1s22s22p63s23p5 belong to?
3
5
17
8
Solids dissolve quicker by
decreasing the amount of water
increasing the amount of solid solute
not stirring
increase the temperature of the water
How many valence electrons do unreactive gases have?
8
7
4
1
Which elements are in increasing order of reactivity?
Be, C, O, Ne
Br, Ga, Ca, K
S, P, Na, Mg
Li, Be, B, O
A drop in pH from a 5 to a 3 means it is a ____ increase in acidity
10
100
1000
1/2
Check all that apply. Metals
conduct heat and electricity
have low melting points
malleable
are shiny (lustrous)
Solids
have a definite shape but not volume
no definite shape or volume
definite shape and volume
Ways to speed up chemical reactions (check all that apply()
in order for substances to react, they must collide
increase the surface area
increase the concentration
add a catayst
decrease the temperature
Enzymes are biological catalysts. They
to prevent reactant bonds
to lower reactant energies
to boost reactant collisions
to freeze reactant particles
Risks associated nuclear energy are that
it could create acid rain
it could impact human health
could increase carbon emissions
ncrease the Earth’s temperature
A nuclear reaction
releases heat
changes the state of matter
forms a new compound
forms two smaller elements
Match the following
affect the mass of an atom
neutrons
negative charge
electrons
protons and neutrons
mass number
atomic number
protons
if the half-life of skittles is 3 seconds, how much of the 100 gram original sample remains after 15 seconds?
50 g
12.5 g
6.25 g
3.125 g
What happens if the temperature of a gas decreases?
its volume increases.
its volume is unchanged
its volume decreases
its density decreases
How could the pressure of a gas increase?
The mass of the gas molecules increases.
The diffusion of the gas molecules increases
the size of the container increases.
The number of gas molecules increases.
Aluminum-27 has
13 protons, 14 neutrons, and 13 electrons
14 protons, 13 neutrons, 14 electrons
13 protons, 13 neutrons, 14 electrons
27 protons, 13 neutrons, 13 electrons
What is the mole ratio of HCl to CaCl2?
2HCl + Ca(OH )2 → CaCl2 +2H2O
1:1
2:2
2:1
1:2
What is the mass of one mole of CO2?
12.011 g
15.999 g
44.009 g
31.998
An example of a molecular formula is (a)
(b) show the actual number of each atom in a molecule
CH2O is an example of an (c)
(d) show the simplest whole-number ratio
C6H12O6
