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General Chemistry Second Semester Review

Total questions: 96

Worksheet time: 24hrs 0mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
A solution with a pH of 7 is________
a)
increasing
b)
neutral
c)
decreasing
d)
apple juice
2.

In an acid & base neutralization reaction, what are the products of a reaction between an acid and a base?

a)

Another acid and base

b)

Carbon dioxide and a salt

c)

Water and a salt

d)

Either two acids or two bases

3.
Forms hydroxide ions (OH-) in water
a)
Acids
b)
Bases
c)
All
4.
Which range of numbers represent basic solution?
a)
0-6
b)
7
c)
8-14
d)
3-9
5.
Which is the stronger acid?
a)
pH 1
b)
pH 4
c)
pH 8
d)
pH 13
6.

Which of the following is NOT an acid-base conjugate pair?

a)

H20, OH-

b)

NH4+, NH3

c)

H2CO3, HCO3-

d)

H2S, OH-

7.

A 0.10 M solution of an electrolyte has a pH of 4.5. The electrolyte is:

a)

a strong acid

b)

a weak base

c)

a weak acid

d)

a strong base

8.

Which solution below has the highest concentration of hydroxide ions?

a)

pH = 7.00

b)

pH = 3.21

c)

pH = 10.12

d)

pH = 12.49

9.

Which of the following ions do all acids have in common?

a)

H+

b)

Na+

c)

OH-

d)

Ca2+

10.

What is the conjugate acid for the base NH3?

a)

NH4+

b)

NH2-

c)

NH52+

d)

HCl

11.

What is the H+ concentration of a solution with a pH of 2?

a)

.01 moles/L

b)

.1 moles/L

c)

.0001 moles/L

d)

.000001 moles/L

12.

What is the pH of a solution with .0001 moles per L of H+?

a)

4

b)

3

c)

10

d)

13

13.

What is the conjugate base of HCl?

a)

Cl-

b)

H2Cl+

c)

HCl

d)

H2O

14.
A reaction in which H+ and OH- cancel each other out is known as a __________________ reaction. 
a)
Neutralization
b)
Combustion
c)
Single Replacement
d)
Synthetic 
15.
What is the pOH of a solution that has a pH of 2?
a)
10
b)
12
c)
14
d)
1
16.

sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

a)

strong acid

b)

weak acid

c)

strong base

d)

weak base

17.

An organic substance that changes color as the pH of the solution changes is called a(n) ______________.

a)

indicator

b)

inhibitor

c)

catalyst

d)

salt

18.
what is the reading on this burette?
a)
4.40mL
b)
3.50mL
c)
3.60mL
d)
4.50mL
19.

A student inflates a balloon with helium then places it in the freezer. The student should expect

a)

the balloon's volume to increase

b)

the balloon's volume to decrease

c)

the balloon's moles to increase

d)

the balloon's moles to decrease

20.

If a hairspray can is heated, what can be expected of the pressure of the gas inside the can?

a)

The pressure will increase

b)

The pressure will decrease

c)

The pressure will remain constant

d)

The pressure will equalize

21.
What is 50 °C in Kelvin?
a)

223.15

b)

323.15

c)

100.15

d)

50.15

22.
Charles' Law States...
a)
As Pressure goes up volume goes down
b)
As Pressure goes up temperature goes up
c)
As Volume goes up temperature goes up 
d)
As Pressure goes down volume goes down 
23.

Match the following units to their names.

a)

Volume

1.

L

b)

Temperature

2.

K

c)

Pressure

3.

atm

d)

Moles

4.

mol

24.

The average _______ energy of all the particles determines the temperature of the gas.

a)

potential

b)

kinetic

c)

chemical

d)

mechanical

25.
Boyle's Law shows the relationship between between which two factors of a gas?
a)
volume and pressure 
b)
temperature and pressure 
c)
pressure and temperature 
d)
Volume and mass
26.
Which container will have a lower pressure?
a)
left
b)
right
c)
they both have the same pressure
d)
I don't know
27.
What causes pressure?
a)
The walls of the container
b)
The vacuum in the container
c)
The collisions of the particles
d)
Atmospheric pressure acting on the outside walls
28.
Boyle's PV law : When _______ is held constant, the pressure and volume of a gas are ________  proportional
a)
temperature,  equally
b)
mass, inversely
c)
temperature, inversely
d)
mass, equally
29.
Which of the following would increase the (gas) pressure of a system?
a)
Increase the Temperature
b)
Pump in more gas
c)
Decrease the volume
d)
All of these
30.
If you collect 22.4 L of oxygen (O2) at standard conditions, you will have ____.  
a)
1 mole of gas
b)
6.02 x 1023 molecules of gas
c)
32 g of gas
d)
All of these answers
31.

The following graph shows (a)   relationship. 

Choose from the below words
Direct
Inverse
32.
Boyle's law :  The pressure and volume of a gas show a (a)   relationship. 
Choose from the below words
Inverse 
direct
33.

Oxidation is the _________ of electrons.

a)

loss

b)

gain

c)

sharing

d)

transfer

34.

Reduction is the ___________ of electrons.

a)

loss

b)

gain

c)

sharing

d)

transfer

35.

Gaining hydrogen is an example of...

a)

oxidation

b)

reduction

36.
Which of the following represents reduction?
a)
C →  CO
b)
N2 →  NH3
c)
Zn  →   Zn2+ 
d)
H2 →  H2O
37.

In a Galvanic cell, the electrons flow from the...

a)

anode to the cathode

b)

cathode to the anode

38.

Which energy conversion shown below takes place in a battery/galvanic cell?

a)

Electrical to chemical

b)

Mechanical to chemical

c)

Mechanical to electrical

d)

Chemical to electrical

39.

Reduction occurs at the...

a)

Cathode

b)

Anode

c)

Salt Bridge

d)

Voltmeter

40.

Oxidation occurs at the...

a)

Cathode

b)

Anode

c)

Salt Bridge

d)

Voltmeter

41.

What occurs in the anode beaker?

a)

The anode is oxidized, giving up its two electrons

b)

Zinc ions (Zn2+) are come off of the zinc metal

c)

Zinc ions (Zn2+) will pair with chlorine ions (Cl-) from the salt bridge

d)

All over the answers

42.

What is the role of the salt bridge in a voltaic cell?

a)

To allow the movement of water molecules between the two half cells

b)

To allow the movement of electrons between the half cells

c)

To allow the movement of ions to maintain charge neutrality

43.
What would two different isotopes of an atom have in common?
a)
Number of neutrons 
b)
Number of protons
c)
Atomic weight 
d)
Atomic mass
44.

A nuclear reaction where an atomic nucleus splits into two smaller nuclei is called:

a)

Fission

b)

Fusion

c)

Gamma decay

d)

Beta decay

45.
What happens when the number of protons in an atom changes? 
a)

The number of electrons always reduces to zero

b)

Usually nothing happens, unless the atom is radioactive 

c)

The atomic nucleus breaks down and decays

d)

It becomes a completely different atom, with different properties 

46.
Two or more nuclei combine to form one larger nucleus in the process of nuclear _____.
a)
Fusion
b)
Fission
c)
Tracing
d)
Decay
47.

This picture is an example of:

a)

Fission reaction

b)

Fusion reaction

c)

Decomposition reaction

d)

Combustion

48.

This type of radiation has the highest penetrating power.  Even several inches thick of lead or several meters of concrete cannot stop all of it:

a)

Alpha

b)

Beta

c)

Gamma

d)

Delta

49.

This type of radiation has the lowest penetrating power.  Can only penetrate 0.05 mm into the body and can be stopped by a piece of paper or clothing.

a)

Alpha

b)

Beta

c)

Gamma

d)

Delta

50.
If a sulfur atom has 16 protons, 16 electrons, and 16 neutrons, its atomic mass is:
a)
16
b)
32
c)
48
d)
64
51.

Inside a nuclear reactor, what object is able to absorb fast moving neutrons?

a)

generator

b)

moderator

c)

control rods

d)

sheilding

52.
Nuclear energy uses _____ to turn turbines to power a generator.
a)
wind
b)
water
c)
steam
d)
solar
53.

Where does nuclear fusion occur naturally?

a)

Underwater

b)

On the gaseous planets

c)

In the radioactive waste

d)

In the Sun

54.

When a nucleus undergoes gamma decay, the atomic number of the element....

a)

remains the same

b)

decreases by one.

c)

increases by one.

d)

increases by two.

55.

Which is a common isotope used in radioactive dating of organic matter?

a)

Carbon-14

b)

Uranium-235

c)

Carbon-12

d)

Iodine-43

56.

Another term for an unstable atom would be:

a)

Actinide

b)

Electronegativity

c)

Radioisotope

d)

Halogen

57.
_______________ is the process by which unstable atoms emit radiation until they become stable.
a)

Combustion

b)

Chemical Reaction

c)

Radioactive Decay

d)

Isotopic shedding

58.

What is the proper scientific name for radiation that can effect other atoms and damage cells?

a)

ionizing radiation

b)

toxic radiation

c)

non ionizing radiation

d)

radioisorade

59.

What type of radiation is released from a microwave?

a)

Ionizing Radiation

b)

Non Ionizing Radiation

c)

No Radiation is released

d)

Gamma Radiation

60.

After one ____________ of a radioactive element, half of the original radioactive material remains.

a)

half-life

b)

cycle

c)

decay

61.
Most nuclear reactors use:
a)
Fission
b)
Fusion
62.

Do molecules generally move faster at 45 C or 106 C?

a)

45 C because molecules have more energy than in 106C

b)

106 C because molecules have more energy than in 45C

c)

106 C because molecules have less energy than in 45C

d)

45C because molecules have less energy than in 106 C

63.

DON'T RUSH, YOU HAVE TIME.

Water droplets condensing on the inside of a window on a cold day. Is this process exothermic or endothermic?

a)

Gases condense to form liquids. Gases are moving faster than liquids, the air around the window has a higher temperature/kinetic energy. Releasing energy to get water droplets, which is is Exothermic

b)

Gases condense to form liquids. Gases are moving faster than liquids, the air around the window has a higher temperature/kinetic energy. Releasing energy to get water droplets, which is is Endothermic

c)

Gases condense to form liquids. Gases particles are moving slower than liquids. Releasing energy to get water droplets, which is is Endothermic

d)

Gases condense to form liquids. Gases particles are moving slower than liquids. Releasing energy to get water droplets, which is is Exothermic

64.
The diagram represents which type of reaction
a)

endothermic

b)

exothermic

65.

The 1st law of Thermodynamics

a)

Energy can not be created or destroyed. It just changes forms.

b)

Energy can only be created by the sun

c)

Some energy is lost to the environment.

66.

Define ΔH

a)

Change in Specific Heat; Heat by one Degree Celsius

b)

Change in Temperature; the energy we calculate; Degree Celsius

c)

Change in Enthalpy; the energy/heat we calculate

d)

Change in Time; time travel

67.

Define Exothermic

a)

Energy is released; ΔH is negative; Going from Gas to Liquid, Liquid to Solid

b)

Energy is absorbed; ΔH is positive; Going from Gas to Liquid, Liquid to Solid

c)

Energy is released; ΔH is positive; Going from Solid to Liquid, Liquid to Gas

d)

Energy is absorbed; ΔH is negative; Going from Gas to Liquid, Liquid to Solid

68.

Is this phase change representing an exothermic or endothermic reaction?

GAS to LIQUID

a)

Exothermic

b)

Endothermic

69.

Is the phase change representing an exothermic or endothermic reaction?

SOLID to LIQUID

a)

Endothermic

b)

Exothermic

70.

The force used to provide lift for the rocket is...

a)

Weight

b)

Control

c)

Thrust

d)

Inertia

71.

In a sugar rocket, the sorbitol is the...

a)

Fuel

b)

Oxidizer

c)

Additive

d)

Reducing Agent

72.

Provide the oxygen necessary to keep the combustion reaction occurring in a sugar rocket

a)

Oxidizer

b)

Fuel

c)

Additive

d)

Reducer

73.

Combustion reactions always produce...

a)

Oxygen Gas

b)

Water

c)

Carbon Dioxide

d)

Organic Molecules

74.

Single bonded carbons are called _________.

a)

Alkanes

b)

Alkynes

c)

Alkenes

d)

Arenes

75.

Triple bonded carbons are called ________.

a)

Alkanes

b)

Alkenes

c)

Alkynes

d)

Arenes

76.

Which of the following prefixes represents "7"?

a)

prop-

b)

but-

c)

hept-

d)

pent-

77.

What is the common name given to this alkyl branch?

a)

Propyl

b)

Methyl

c)

Isopropyl

d)

Ethane

78.

What is the prefix used when referring to ring structures?

a)

Pyro-

b)

Aro-

c)

Cyclo-

d)

None of the above

79.

Name the polymer formed from this monomer

a)

chloroethene

b)

chloroethane

c)

dichloroethene

d)

dichloroethane

80.

What functional group is -OH

a)

Hydroxyl

b)

Carboxyl

c)

Amino

d)

Carbonyl Ketone

81.

What functional group is shown?

a)

carboxyl

b)

carbonyl

c)

hydroxyl

d)

amino

82.

What functional group is shown?

a)

carbonyl

b)

hydroxyl

c)

carboxyl

d)

amino

83.
a)

sulfhydryl

b)

hydroxyl

c)

amino

d)

phosphate

84.

What functional group is shown?

a)

carboxyl

b)

phosphate

c)

hydroxyl

d)

amino

85.

carbonyl group

a)
b)
c)
86.

carboxyl group

a)
b)
c)
87.

phosphate group

a)
b)
c)
88.
Which functional group is present in this molecule? 
a)
Hydroxyl only 
b)
Hydroxyl and Amino 
c)
Carboxyl and Amino 
d)
Hyroxyl and Carboxyl 
89.
The diagram shows a bond forming between two amino acids. What is the name of this reaction?
a)

Dehydration

b)

Hydrolysis

c)

Reduction

d)

Oxidation

90.

What is the monomer of a carbohydrate?

a)

fatty acid

b)

amino acid

c)

monosaccharide

d)

nucleotide

91.

Name this compound.

a)

Butanol

b)

Butene

c)

Oxybutanol

d)

Butanoic acid

92.

Compounds that are composed of the same number and type of atoms but have them arranged in different ways are ___________.

a)

isomers

b)

isotopes

c)

polymers

d)

alkanes

93.

Given a formula representing a compound.

Which formula represents an isomer of this compound?

a)
b)
c)
d)
94.

What is the name of this compound?

a)

Methylcyclopentane

b)

Ethylcyclopentane

c)

Ethylcyclopentene

d)

Ethylcyclohexane

95.

What is the name of the compound? And how many carbon atom of the compound?

a)

Cyclononane, 9 carbon atom

b)

Cyclohexane, 6 carbon atom

c)

Cyclodecane, 10 carbon atom

d)

Cyclobutane, 4 carbon atom

96.

There are two main forms of isomerism, which are?

a)

Constiutional isomers and Stereoisomers

b)

Stereoisomers and Physical isomers

c)

Chemical isomers and Stereoisomers

d)

Structural isomers and Geometric Isomers

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