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Semester 2 Final Exam -- Physics

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 8hrs 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following questions cannot be answered by science?

a)

What is the age of planet Earth?

b)

Which of Earth’s natural resources is the most efficient source of energy?

c)

What is the maximum speed of a cheetah?

d)

Are humans entitled to use all the natural resources of Earth?

2.

Scientific theories are well-established explanations, and hypotheses are much narrower, tentative, and testable explanations for an observation.  Identify the following statement as a theory or a hypothesis.

"All objects that have mass also have gravity."

a)

Hypothesis

b)

Theory

3.

Scientific theories are well-established explanations, and hypotheses are much narrower, tentative, and testable explanations for an observation.  Identify the following statement as a theory or a hypothesis.

"New tennis balls bounce higher than old tennis balls."

a)

Hypothesis

b)

Theory

4.

Which of the following phrases apply to a scientific theory, but not to a scientific hypothesis?

a)

not supported by observational evidence

b)

tentative and testable

c)

well-established and highly reliable

d)

based on probability and bias

5.

The student in the picture is performing an experiment.  Which statement below would be a possible hypothesis for her experiment?

a)

The object falls to the floor in 1.02 seconds.

b)

If the mass of the object is increased, it will fall at the same rate.

c)

If the object floats, its density is less than water.

d)

The distance between the floor and the student’s hand is 2.15 meters.

6.

What is the fundamental dimension of volume?

a)

length cubed

b)

length, mass, and volume

c)

mass and density

7.

What does length measure?

a)

the amount of matter in a measured space

b)

space

c)

motion

d)

volume

8.

What is the property of matter that resists changes in motion?

a)

force

b)

momentum

c)

inertia

d)

acceleration

9.

Mass produces the effects of weight and inertia. What is weight?

a)

inertia

b)

the force that opposes motion

c)

the momentum of mass and velocity

d)

the force of gravity acting on mass

10.

Which term refers to a fixed reference point?

a)

inertia

b)

origin

c)

mass

d)

scalar

11.

Which of the following includes information about direction?

a)

distance

b)

vectors

c)

scalars

d)

mass

12.

The speedometer on a car reads which type of value?

a)

speed

b)

velocity

c)

acceleration

d)

vector

13.

The change in position divided by the change in time is the ____.

a)

velocity

b)

acceleration

c)

gravity

d)

force

14.

If the value of velocity does not change over time, it is referred to as __.

a)

constant velocity

b)

the reference point

c)

force constant

d)

continuous displacement

15.

What does acceleration describe?

a)

negative motion

b)

changes in velocity

c)

a displacement

d)

constant velocity

16.

The graph illustrates what type of motion?

a)

constant positive velocity

b)

decreasing velocity

c)

constant negative velocity

d)

negative acceleration

17.

The graph illustrates what type of motion?

a)

constant negative velocity

b)

constant negative acceleration

c)

constant positive acceleration

d)

constant positive velocity

18.

(true/false) Objects in free fall are always moving down.

a)

True

b)

False

19.

When do the conditions of free fall apply?

a)

when objects have maximum friction due to air resistance

b)

when objects move with negative acceleration

c)

when objects move under the sole influence of gravity

d)

when objects have zero initial acceleration

20.

In problems involving objects in free fall, the variable g substitutes for which variable in motion equations?

a)

F

b)

t

c)

v

d)

a

21.

The force that results from gravity acting on mass.

a)

friction

b)

momentum

c)

volume

d)

weight

22.

A geometric sketch of an object isolated from everything else except the forces acting on it.

a)

velocity graph

b)

an object in free fall

c)

free body diagram

d)

reference point

23.

Newton's First Law is described as ___.

a)

the action-reaction

b)

the law relating force and acceleration

c)

the law of inertia

24.

How does acceleration relate to force in Newton's Second Law?

a)

they are always in the same direction

b)

they are not proportional

c)

they are a scalar relationship

d)

they are constant

25.

Action-Reaction forces always act on ___ objects

a)

weightless

b)

different

c)

the same

26.

The trajectory of a projectile is ___.

a)

a parabola

b)

in the negative direction

c)

within the range

d)

outside of the range

27.

What is the range of a projectile?

a)

the velocity over the distance traveled

b)

the horizontal distance it covers before landing

c)

the maximum height reached after being launched

d)

the acceleration during free fall

28.

To analyze the motion of an object moving in a circle, what variables are used?

a)

radius, velocity, time

b)

meters, velocity, trajectory

c)

length cubed, origin, parabola

29.

In the diagram, a ball is moving in a circle with a velocity of 2.3 m/s.  What is providing the centripetal force keeping the ball moving in a circular path?

a)

the mass of the ball

b)

the gravity of Earth

c)

the string

d)

the velocity

30.

Which direction would the pink object go if the disc suddenly stopped turning?

a)

vector D

b)

vector C

c)

vector B

d)

vector A

31.

Which color line represents the radius?

a)

black

b)

blue

c)

pink

d)

green

32.

A force ____ to the motion causes the object to change its path from a straight line to a circle.

a)

perpendicular

b)

faster

c)

slower

d)

stronger

33.

The gravitational constant in this equation is represented by which symbol?

a)

F

b)

G

c)

m

d)

r

34.

What two things does the force of gravity depend on?

a)

mass and acceleration

b)

velocity and acceleration

c)

mass and distance between two objects

d)

acceleration and orbiting

35.

How is this equation interpreted?

a)

Force depends on the sum of two masses divided by the distance between them.

b)

Force depends on the product of two masses divided by the square of the distance between them.

c)

Force is multiplied by the masses and the distance between them.

36.

What is the direction of gravity?

a)

in the opposite direction as the opposing force

b)

directed in a line between the center of masses

c)

in the direction of the opposite force

37.
Which has more momentum: a car stopped at a red light or a bike moving at 15 mph?
a)
car
b)
bike
c)
they are equal
d)
cannot determine using the info provided
38.
In any collision (crash) the ______ is ALWAYS constant
a)
Total Momentum
b)
total speed
c)
total Velocity
d)
Energy
39.
When two objects collide, the Pbefore is ____________ the Pafter.
a)
more than 
b)
less than 
c)
equal to
d)
unrelated to
40.

The symbol for momentum is ___.

a)

M

b)

m

c)

v

d)

p

41.

The law of conservation of momentum applies to closed systems. What does the term "closed system" mean in this context?

a)

no net force can act upon the objects in the system from outside the system

b)

no force of any kind can act within the system

c)

no net force of any kind can act on objects within the system after the collision

42.

What are the units of momentum?

a)

m/s/s

b)

kg m/s

c)

m v

d)

p

43.

An oscillation that travels is a ___.

a)

wave

b)

particle

c)

frequency

d)

hertz

44.

the distance a wave travels before it repeats itself

a)

amplitude

b)

wavelength

c)

frequency

d)

velocity

45.

Which wave property determines the pitch of sound waves?

a)

amplitude

b)

speed

c)

frequency

d)

oscillation

46.

Which wave property depends on the medium it travels through?

a)

wave amplitude

b)

wave speed

c)

wave frequency

d)

wave particles

47.

What variable is represented by the greek letter lambda (upside-down y)?

a)

wave length

b)

frequency

c)

wave speed

d)

amplitude

48.

The energy of a wave ----- with increasing frequency.

a)

increases

b)

decreases

49.

Which type of wave?

a)

transverse

b)

longitudinal

50.

What is the symbol that represents period?

a)

T

b)

p

c)

P

d)

.

51.

The time it takes for one complete cycle.

a)

frequency

b)

period

52.

What does this formula help you calculate?

a)

frequency

b)

period

53.

What units measure frequency?

a)

meters per second

b)

Hertz

c)

seconds

d)

joules

54.

What is the period of the cycle indicated on this graph?

a)

T = 4 s

b)

T = 8 s

c)

T = 20 s

55.

What is the amplitude of this motion graph?

a)

-30 cm

b)

60 cm

c)

12 cm

56.

At equilibrium, the restoring force is ____.

a)

upward

b)

downward

c)

zero

57.

Damping is caused by ___

a)

friction

b)

mechanical energy

c)

amplitude

d)

restoring force

58.

At which point does the pendulum have maximum kinetic energy?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

L

59.

Magnetic objects are generally grouped into which 2 categories?

a)

Ferromagnetic and paramagnetic

b)

magnetic forces and magnetic fields

c)

permanent magnets and objects that can become magnetized

d)

north poles and south poles

60.

What can destroy a magnet?

a)

breaking it in half

b)

Heat

c)

Extreme cold temperatures

d)

Electricity

61.

What is the fundamental difference between magnetic poles and electric charges?

a)

magnets are are always opposite

b)

charges can be separated, but poles cannot

c)

electric charges are always the same

d)

they are always attracted to each other

62.

Condition of a system that describes opposing physical characteristics.

a)

equilibrium

b)

asymmetry

c)

polarity

d)

magnetism

63.

A force that causes an object to twist or rotate.

a)

Torque

b)

Pressure

c)

Friction

d)

Momentum

64.

What is the speed of a gravitational field?

a)

The speed of sound

b)

The speed of light

c)

The rotational speed of Earth

d)

Molecular speed

65.

What force exists between these 2 magnets?

a)

Attraction

b)

Repulsion

c)

None

66.

On Earth, where is Magnetic North approximately located?

a)

The Equator

b)

The North Pole

c)

The South Pole

d)

Earth's core

67.
As the distance between two magnets increases (they get farther apart), the force between them:
a)
Increases
b)
Decreases
c)
Stays the Same
68.

The south pole of a magnet is placed next to the south pole of a second magnet. How will they interact?

a)

the magnets will move toward each other

b)

the magnets will stay in place

c)

the magnets will move away from each other

d)

the magnets will become polarized

69.
Current is measured in....
a)
Amps 
b)
Volts
c)
Ohms
d)
Coulombs
70.
this is the symbol for a _____?
a)
switch
b)
light 
c)
battery
d)
wires
71.
what is this symbol for?
a)
light bulb
b)
switch
c)
battery
d)
resistor
72.
What kind of circuit is this?
a)
Series
b)
Consecutive
c)
Parallel
d)
Training
73.
What kind of circuit is this?
a)
Series
b)
Consecutive
c)
Parallel
d)
Training
74.
Does this diagram represent a series or parallel circuit?
a)
series circuit
b)
parallel circuit
75.

Is this circuit open or closed?

a)

open

b)

closed

76.

If the resistance in a circuit is 45 ohms and the electric potential is 12 V, what is the quantity of the current?

a)

0.27 A

b)

0.27 volts

c)

540 A

d)

3.75 ohms

77.

What is the voltage for a circuit with 6 amps and 370 ohms of resistance?

a)

0.016 ohms

b)

0.016 amps

c)

2220 V

d)

61.6 V

78.

What units measure resistance?

a)

Ω (Ohms)

b)

V (Volts)

c)

A (Amps)

d)

W (Watts)

79.

Any device that uses electric current through multiple loops of wire to create a magnetic field.

a)

Permanent magnet

b)

Solenoid

c)

Generator

d)

Transformer

80.

What information can you find by using this equation?

a)

the electric force between two charges

b)

the resistance in a wire

c)

the amount of charge that passes a given point in a specific amount of time

d)

the voltage of a power source

81.

Which symbol will always be the value of 9.0 x 109 ?

a)

Fe

b)

q1

c)

r2

d)

ke

82.

Which temperature quantity is impossible?

a)

-300o F

b)

212o F

c)

0o C

d)

-58 K

83.

What is Absolute Zero?

a)

the temperature at which all forms of matter freeze solid

b)

the temperature at which everything stops

c)

the temperature at which gases become solids

84.

In which phase of matter do the molecules have enough thermal energy to temporarily break away from attractive forces, but are not separated?

a)

solids

b)

liquids

c)

gases

85.

In which phase of matter do molecules vibrate in place?

a)

solids

b)

liquids

c)

gases

86.

Because heat is energy, the SI units for heat are ---

a)

Watts

b)

Celsius

c)

joules

d)

Newtons

87.

Water and Aluminum have very different specific heats. What do these numbers tell you?

a)

Aluminum heats water much faster than other substances

b)

It takes more water to heat a pot made of aluminum

c)

It takes much more energy to heat water than aluminum

88.

What does the cp represent in the equation?

a)

the mass

b)

the total thermal energy of the substance

c)

the change in temperature

d)

the specific heat

89.

 How much heat energy is needed to raise the temperature of 10.0 g of aluminum from 18°C to 45°C? The specific heat capacity of aluminum is 0.90 J/g°C.    

a)

0.90 J

b)

0.005 J

c)

243 J

d)

210 J/g°C

90.

Heating water to turn it into steam causes which process in a steam engine?

a)

compression

b)

expansion

91.

In a heat engine, the gas inside the cylinder is the ---.

a)

System

b)

Surroundings

92.

Heat will not flow between two objects in thermal equilibrium.

a)

zeroth law of thermodynamics

b)

first law of thermodynamics

93.

The first law of thermodynamics is based on what essential idea?

a)

Thermal equilibrium is reached between two or more objects in direct contact

b)

Energy is conserved in thermodynamic systems

c)

No engine can be 100% efficient

d)

A system can have zero energy if it is cooled to 0 K.

94.

Adding heat to the System ____ the energy of the Surroundings.

a)

increases

b)

decreases

95.

Which type of substance has the least entropy?

a)

a solid at 0oC

b)

a solid at 0oF

c)

a solid at 0 K

96.

Which law of thermodynamics can be referred to as "the arrow of time"?

a)

1st law

b)

2nd law

c)

3rd law

d)

Zeroth law

97.

Which law of thermodynamics establishes absolute zero as the temperature at which the entropy of a system is zero?

a)

1st law

b)

2nd law

c)

3rd law

d)

Zeroth law

98.

Which scientist is not known for contributions to the development of the laws of thermodynamics?

a)

Newton

b)

Carnot

c)

Liebniz

d)

Boltzmann

99.

How much current flows through a bulb that draws 100 W of power from a 120 V outlet?

a)

12,000 W

b)

0.83 A

c)

0.83 W

100.
The mathematical relationship among Voltage, Current, and Resistance
a)
Faraday's Law
b)
Tesla's Law
c)
Edison's Law
d)
Ohm's Law

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