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WorksheetsA&P SPRING FINAL REVIEW DAY 1 2022/23
Total questions: 147
Worksheet time: 2hrs 47mins
Reorder the following steps (1-5) of a muscle contraction
Nerve Impulse reaches Neuromuscular Junction
Acetylcholine (ACH) Released by Motor Neuron
ACH binds to Muscle Receptor Sites
Action Potential charge travels down muscle cell
Impulses reaches the SR and Ca+ channels open
The part of the sarcomere that C (Blue) refers to is the...
Actin
Myosin
Troponin
Tropomyosin
Actin
Myosin
Troponin
Tropomyosin
Relaxed
Contracting
Fully Contracted
None of the above
What state is the sarcomere in #2
Relaxed
Partially Contracted
Fully Contracted
None of the above
Relaxed
Contracting
Fully Contracted
None of the above
It disappears
gets closer together
It gets bigger
None of these
Sarcomere
Osteon
Myofilament
Muscle fiber
Sarcomeres
Sarcoplasm
Actin
Myosin
ATPase
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Actin
Myosin
How may sarcomeres are shown above?
6
5
4
3
Reorder the following (6-10) of the muscle contraction
Ca+ ions diffuse from the SR and bind to troponin molecules
Tropomyosin molecules move and expose specific sites on actin where myosin heads can bind
Cross-bridges form, linking actin and myosin
Actin filaments are pulled toward the center of the sarcomere by pulling of the cross-bridges, increasing the overlap of the thin and thick filaments
The muscle fiber shortens as contractions occurs
A. Actin
B. Troponin
C. Trypsin
D. Tropomyosin
E. Myosin
F. Titin
Put steps of contraction in order.
rest, nerve action, ACh released, transmitted, Ca released
ACh released, Ca released, nerve action, transmitted, rest
rest, nerve action, Ca released, ACh released, transmitted
ACh released, Ca released, transmitted, nerve action, rest
Put steps of Contraction in order
Ca bound, activated, shift, cross bridge, repeat
Cross bridge, Ca bound, shift, activate, repeat
Activate, cross bridge, Ca bound, shift, repeat
Shift, activate, cross bridge, Ca bound, repeat
Where a nerve and muscle fiber come together is called a...
Synaptic Cleft
Neurotransmitter
Neuromuscular Junction
Action Potential
The neurotransmitter stored in the axon terminal identified as ...
Acetylcholine
Serotonin
Adrenaline
Dopamine
Where is calcium stored in the muscle cell?
T Tubules
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR)
Sarcolemma
Sarcomere
When the action reaches the muscle cell, it travels down the....
Sarcolemma
T Tubules
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Calcium Channel
The action potential releases (a) from the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR)
After calcium is released from the SR, it binds to _________
troponin
tropomyosin
actin
myosin
Troponin moves the ____________ uncovering binding sites.
actin
troponin
tropomyosin
myosin
A calcium deficiency would
create uncoordinated muscle contractions
allow muscle contraction, but not relaxation
prevent contraction by preventing myosin from binding to actin
have no effect on contraction
What would be the correct order of the steps?
- Action potential travels down T-tubules.
- Nerve impulse reaches the muscle.
- Calcium binds to troponin.
- Tropomyosin moves.
1, 2, 3, 4
4, 3, 2, 1
3, 4, 1, 2
2, 1, 3, 4
Another name for the prime mover is
antagonist
agonist
synergist
fixator
A muscle that helps the agonist is called a
antagonist
agonist
synergist
fixator
What is the opposing muscle group for the quadriceps?
biceps
lower back
hamstrings
obliques
In knee flexion, which is the agonist? (the one contracting or getting shorter)
hamstrings
quadriceps
What is the agonist and what is the antagonist in a bicep curl?
biceps are the agonist, triceps are the antagonist
triceps are the agonist, biceps are the antagonist
The muscle that causes the action and does the majority of the work
agonist
antagonist
synergist
fixator
A muscle can be a agonist for one movement and an antagonist for a different movement
true
false
The agonist and antagonist work in __________ to create movement
tandem
random
opposition
synchronization
Identify the quadriceps
5
8
6
13
Identify the hamstrings
5
8
6
13
Identify the tibialis anterior
5
8
6
13
Identify the gastrocnemius
5
8
6
13
Identify the sternocleidomastoid
1
9
7
10
Identify the trapezius
1
9
7
10
Identify the deltoid
3
2
11
8
Identify the pectorals
3
4
7
12
Identify the biceps
3
4
11
12
Identify the triceps
3
4
11
12
Identify the abdominals
3
4
11
12
Identify the latissimus dorsi
3
4
11
12
This muscle group rotates the head and flexes the neck
Trapezius
Pectorals
Sternocleidomastoid
Latissimus dorsi
This muscle group elevates, depresses, and retracts the scapula
Trapezius
Pectorals
Sternocleidomastoid
Latissimus dorsi
This muscle group abducts the arms
deltoid
biceps
triceps
pectorals
This muscle group flexes the shoulder (arms forward)
deltoid
biceps
triceps
pectorals
This muscle group flexes the elbow
deltoid
biceps
triceps
pectorals
This muscle group extends the elbow
deltoid
biceps
triceps
pectorals
This muscle group bends the torso in a forward direction (think crunches), balance
abdominals
latissimus dorsi
trapezius
sternocleidomastoid
This muscle group adducts the arms
abdominals
latissimus dorsi
trapezius
sternocleidomastoid
This muscle group flexes the hip (legs forward)
quadriceps
hamstrings
tibialis anterior
gastrocnemius
This muscle group extends the hip (legs back)
quadriceps
hamstrings
tibialis anterior
gastrocnemius
This muscle group moves in a dorsiflexion motion
quadriceps
hamstrings
tibialis anterior
gastrocnemius
This muscle group moves in a plantar flexion motion
quadriceps
hamstrings
tibialis anterior
gastrocnemius
What type of contraction is happening here??
isostabilize
isokinetic
isotonic
isometric
Muscle fatigue is...
when the muscle is unable to contract
when you are too tired to exercise
when the muscle is contracted more than 30 secondsd
when O2 comes from direct phosphorylation
What is the correlation between muscle fatigue and oxygen debt?
When O2 decreases, muscle fatigue increases
When O2 increases, muscle fatigue decreases
When O2 is obtained, muscle fatigue decreases
The lesser the oxygen debt, the lesser the muscle fatige
What is the correlation between lactic acid, ATP, and muscle contractions?
increase in lactic acid, decrease ATP, decrease in muscle contraction
increase in lactic acid, decrease ATP, increase in muscle contraction
increase in lactic acid, increase in ATP, decrease in muscle contraction
increase in lactic acid, increase in ATP, increase in muscle contraction
which of the following is true regarding aerobic activity and muscle growth?
increase in mitochondria
increase in vasculature
muscle fiber size DOES NOT increase
Muscle fiber diameter decreases
which of the following is true regarding aerobic activity and muscle growth?
mitochondria number stays the same
decrease in vasculature
muscle fiber size DOES increase
Muscle fiber diameter increases
Label the Neuron-What does the letter "D" represent?
Dendrite
Axon
Myelin Sheath
Axon Hillock
Sends impulses AWAY from CNS to muscle and glands.
Motor Neuron
Sensory Neuron
Interneuron
What direction does an electrical signal move?
Dendrite, Cell body, Axon
Cell body, Axon, Dendrite
Cell body, Dendrite, Axon
Axon, Cell Body, Dendrite
Label the Neuron-What does the letter "H" represent?
Axon
Dendrite
Axon Terminal
Synaptic Bulb/Knob
When a neuron is at REST,
the inside of the neuron is negatively charged compared to the outside.
the inside of the neuron is positively charged compared to the outside.
there is no charge difference established
none of these is true
Depolarization occurs when
sodium channels open
potassium channels open
sodium channels close
potassium channels close
calcium is responsible for
signaling the release of the neurotransmitter
signaling Na to be released into the membrane
signaling the release of K out of the membrane
serving as the neurotransmitter
When is the potassium channel open?
during rest only
during repolarization only
during depolarization only
all the time
Action potentials run along the ______ from ______ to ________.
axon, dendrites, axon terminals
axon, axon terminals, dendrites
dendrites, axon, axon terminals
axon terminals, axon, dendrites
An action potential is __________ in nature, with the inside of the neuron being more ________.
chemical, negative
electrical, negative
chemical, positive
electrical, positive
As the neuron fires, there's a reversal in _____ as the axon undergoes ________.
direction, depolarization
charge, depolarization
direction, repolarization
charge, repolarization
Occurs when sodium voltage-gated channels open and sodium rushes into the axon changing the membrane potential from -55mV to +40mV.
Depolarization
Hyperpolarization
Repolarization
Summation
Resting-State
Occurs when sodium voltage-gated channels close and potassium voltage-gated channels open. Potassium rushes out of the axon changing the membrane potential from +40mV to -70mV.
Depolarization
Hyperpolarization
Repolarization
Summation
Resting-State
Occurs when both voltage-gated channels remain closed and the sodium-potassium pump moves 3Na out and 2K in maintaining a membrane potential of -70mV.
Depolarization
Hyperpolarization
Repolarization
Summation
Resting-State
What maintains the resting membrane potential in a neuron?
sodium-potassium pumps
sodium channels
potassium channels
gravity
An electrical impulse within a single neuron is called a
synapse
membrane potential
action potential
cell body
Depolarization is occuring at number
1
2
4
5
What number(s) on the graph represents the THRESHOLD level of stimulus?
1 and 5
2
3
6
Which one of the following is involved in maintaining a resting membrane potential?
Na+/K+ ATPase pump moves 3Na+ in for every 2K+ out
Na+/K+ ATPase pump moves 3K+ in for every 2Na+ out
Na+/K+ ATPase pump moves 3Na+ out for every 2K+ in
Na+/K+ ATPase pump moves 3K+ out for every 2Na+ in
