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Biology Semester 2 Review

Total questions: 99

Worksheet time: 2hrs 4mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Members of a species in a defined area
a)
Ecosystem
b)
community
c)
biodiversity
d)
population
2.
Series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten
a)
foodweb
b)
consumer
c)
food chain
d)
omnivore
3.
Organisms that relies on other organisms for food; consumer
a)
herbivore
b)
decomposer
c)
heterotroph
d)
species
4.
All the organisms in a particular location, including their nonliving environment
a)
ecosystem
b)
carnivore
c)
niche
d)
population
5.
What does fungi do to dead plants and animals?
a)
Leave them there
b)
Decompose them
c)
Wait for other animals to eat them
d)
Move away
6.
What may happen if the snowshoe hare was removed from the food web pictured?
a)
The insects in the habitat would increase.
b)
The shrew population would decrease due to being only hawk food source.
c)
The willow tree population would decrease.
d)
Foxes would dies due to no food source. 
7.
In the energy pyramid here, how much of the energy in the producers gets passed to the herbivores?
a)
10%
b)
20%
c)
80%
d)
90%
8.
Which of the following leads to a decrease in biodiversity?
a)
protection of ecosystems
b)
pollution control
c)
selective cutting
d)
introduction of exotic or invasive species
9.
In the food web shown, the snail would be considered...
a)
primary consumer
b)
secondary consumer
c)
tertiary consumer
d)
producer
10.
Which biome, because of its climate and amount of rainfall, has the largest number of species of plants and animals?
a)
Tundra
b)
Rainforest
c)
Desert
d)
Pineforest
11.

Which definition best fits the term BIOTIC?

a)

The study of the interactions between animals and their environment

b)

Factors in the environment that are considered not alive

c)

Factors in the environment that are considered living or the remains of living things

12.

One species benefits, the other is unaffected

a)

symbiosis

b)

parasitism

c)

mutualism

d)

commensalism

13.

Honey guide birds alert and direct badgers to bee hives. The badgers then expose the hives and feed on the honey first. Then, the honey guide birds eat as well.

a)

symbiosis

b)

parasitism

c)

mutualism

d)

commensalism

14.

Tapeworms reside in human intestine and take nutrients from the human

a)

symbiosis

b)

parasitism

c)

mutualism

d)

commensalism

15.
An organism that helps to recycle nutrients within an ecosystem by eating dead or decaying organisms is a:
a)

Predator

b)

Autotroph

c)

Producer

d)

Decomposer

16.
The arrows in a food chain or web represents what?
a)

They point to the organism that is being eaten.

b)

It shows how sunlight flows within an ecosystem.

c)

They show what direction the energy is flowing between organisms. 

d)

They represent how water is transferred within a habitat.

17.

The populations of which organisms will most likely increase as a result of a disease that suddenly reduced the population of Texas horned lizards?

a)

Grasses and ants

b)

Ants and grasshoppers

c)

Grasshoppers and Texas Cottonmouths

d)

Texas cottonmouths and red shouldered hawks

18.
What are plants called in a food chain?
a)

Producers /Autotrophs

b)

Consumers /Heterotrophs

c)

Decomposers

d)

Scavengers

19.
Where does the energy start in this food chain?
a)
Plant
b)
Sun
c)
Deer
d)
Wolf
20.

Why might an organism have more than one arrow coming FROM them in a food web?

a)

More than one organism may eat them.

b)

They may eat more than one other organism.

c)

This organism gets its energy from multiple sources.

21.

In any food web, the organisms that are responsible for converting raw energy into usable chemical energy are collectively called ________ while organisms that recycle the nutrients trapped in dead organisms are collectively called ________.

a)

producers;consumers

b)

producers; decomposers

c)

consumers; decomposers

22.
If the number of births in a population is the same as the number of deaths in a population, what will happen to the growth of the population?
a)
It will increase.
b)
It will decrease.
c)
It will stay the same.
d)
It will fluctuate.
23.
Largest number of individuals of a population that the environment can support...  
a)
carrying capacity
b)
population crash
c)
lag phase
d)
mutualism
24.
What is the carrying capacity for this sheep population?
a)
1.8 million
b)
1.25 million
c)
1.6 million
d)
1.o million
25.
When a population grows past the ecosystem's carrying capacity, what happens to the population?
a)
Continues to grow
b)
The population starts to die off to return to carrying capcity
c)
The population will go extinct due to lack of resources
d)
The population grows then finds a new carrying capacity
26.
Food, water, sunlight, shelter, and space are resources that are often __________.
a)
limiting factors
b)
wet
c)
messy
d)
found in rocks
27.
Any thing or organism that regulates the size of a population of another organism is known as __________.
a)
a limiting measure
b)
a limiting factor
c)
factorization
d)
materialization of precipitation
28.
When organisms move out of the population, this is known as
a)
emigration
b)
abandonment
c)
immigration
d)
succession
29.

Which of the following are density dependent factors?

a)

competition for resources

b)

predation

c)

disease

d)

natural disasters

30.

Which of the following are examples of a density independent factors?

a)

forest fire

b)

seasonal cycles

c)

storms

d)

disease

31.
What factor describes when populations increase because animals are moving into a population?
a)
Emigration
b)
Limiting Factors
c)
Immigration
d)
Exponential Growth
32.
Which limiting factor would increase due to the number of individuals in a population?
a)
Unusual weather
b)
Natural disaster
c)
Births
d)
Disease
33.
Which will add more organisms to a population? 
a)
5 animals die
b)
0 animals are born
c)
3 animals immigrate to the population
d)
2 animals emmigrate from the population
34.

As a population of a species increases within a territory, which of the following most likely also increases?

a)

Immigration

b)

Food supply

c)

Carrying capacity

d)

Competition

35.

What does the term carrying capacity describe?

a)

The maximum number of birth rates for a population.

b)

The ability of a population to accept new immigrants.

c)

The ratio of birth rates to death rates in a population.

d)

The population size that the environment can sustain.

36.

What do the circles represent?

a)

Male

b)

Female

37.

What do the squares represent?

a)

Male

b)

Female

38.

Examine the parents in generation I. How many children do they have?

a)

3

b)

5

c)

6

d)

7

39.

Examine the parents in generation I. What is the genotype of their boys?

a)

EE or Ee

b)

EE or ee

c)

Ee or ee

d)

ee

40.

Segments of chromosomes that contain coded information for an organisms trait

a)

cells

b)

genes

c)

alleles

d)

genotypes

41.

The outward expression, or appearance, of a genetic trait is its

a)

allele

b)

pedigree

c)

phenotype

d)

inheritance

42.

A model that is used to show possible outcomes of cross breeding is a

a)

ratio

b)

coin toss

c)

pedigree

d)

Punnett square

43.
 Look at the Punnett square.
If the two parents represented in the Punnett square have four offspring, what does the Punnett square tells you? 
a)
Two of the offspring will definitely have the genotype Aa.
b)
It is more likely that two of them will have the genotype Aa than the genotype aa.
c)
There is a 50% chance for each of the four offspring to have the genotype Aa.
d)
It is less likely that two of them will have the genotype Aa than the genotype aa.
44.
An individual with two different alleles for a specific trait is said to be: 
a)
homozygous
b)
heterozygous
c)
homogeneous
d)
heterogeneous
45.
Phenotype refers to the _________ of an individual
a)
genetic makeup
b)
actual physical appearance
c)
recessive alleles
d)
dominant alleles
46.
When the genotype consists of a dominant and a recessive allele, the phenotype will be like the ______________ allele.
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
c)
both
d)
neither
47.
An organism that has two identical genes for a trait is said to be
a)
heterozygous for the trait
b)
hybrid for the trait
c)
homozygous for the trait
d)
incompletely dominant for the trait
48.
One flower is heterozygous red (Rr) and it is crossed with a homozygous white (rr) plant. Use a Punnett square to determine the probability of one of their offspring having a white color.
a)
100%
b)
25%
c)
75%
d)
50%
49.
One cat carries homozygous, long-haired traits (SS), and its mate carries homozygous short-haired traits (ss). Use a Punnett square to determine the probability of one of their offspring having long hair.
a)
100%
b)
25%
c)
75%
d)
50%
50.
How many males are shown in this pedigree?
a)
8
b)
5
c)
2
d)
16
51.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
52.
Which choice best represents the genotype of this cross?
a)
1 Yy: 2 yy: 0 YY
b)
2 Yy: 2 yy: 0 YY
c)
3 Yy: 1 yy: 0 YY
d)
1 Yy: 3 yy: 0 YY
53.

Is this person a male or female?

a)

Male

b)

Female

54.

Pick the best description.

a)

Normal

b)

Monosomy

c)

Trisomy

d)

Deletion

55.

Pick the best description.

a)

Normal

b)

Monosomy

c)

Trisomy

56.

Karyotypes are pictures of

a)

Cells

b)

Specific genes

c)

Chromosomes

d)

Proteins

57.

What is an organized picture of all of an organism’s homologous chromosome pairs lined up with each other?

a)

Pedigree

b)

Karyotype

58.

Cells that contain 2 sets of chromosomes are called ...

a)

haploid

b)

diploid

59.

How many pairs of autosomes do human cells contain?

a)

22

b)

1

c)

46

60.

The karyotype diagram below represents a human female with the genetic disorder known as Turner syndrome. Chromosomal analysis of this karyotype reveals the mutation is a result of

a)

a missing X chromosome

b)

a missing Y chromosome

c)

an extra 21 chromosome

d)

missing chromosome #9

61.

The karyotype diagram below represents a human male. Chromosomal analysis of this karyotype reveals the abnormality in this karyotype is:

a)

a missing X chromosome

b)

a missing Y chromosome

c)

an extra 21 chromosome

d)

missing chromosome #9

62.
How are similarities passed from parent to offspring?
a)
through teaching
b)
through learning
c)
through blood
d)
through genes
63.

What is the primary cause of genetic variation during meiosis?

a)

chromosomes lining up

b)

"crossing over" of chromosomes

c)

separation of chromosomes

d)

chromosomes pulling apart

64.

The failure of one or more pairs of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate "normally" during meiosis is called _____________________.

a)

nondisjunction

b)

anaphase I

c)

nondiploidy

d)

karyotype

65.

What type of structure does this image illustrate?

a)

Analogous structures

b)

Homologous structures

c)

Vestigial structures

66.

The appendix, tailbone, and wisdom teeth are all examples of what type of structure in humans?

a)

Homologous

b)

Analogous

c)

Vestigial

d)

Modern

67.

(a)   is the fact that organisms change over time and are related through common ancestors.

Choose from the below words
Homologous Structures
Hereditary
Evolution
Survival of the fittest
68.

(a)   occurs when individuals within a population with the most favorable traits for an environment survive and pass on those traits.

Choose from the below words
Descent with Modification
Natural Selection
Homologous Structures
Use or Disuse
69.
What is the purpose of cellular respiration?
a)
to make food for a plant
b)
to break down materials
c)
to make energy for animals only
d)
to make energy for all living organisms
70.

Individuals are arbitrarily throughout a given area

a)

uniform dispersion

b)

random dispersion

c)

population density

d)

population dispersion

71.

The four basic factors that influence the size of a population are:

a)

births

deaths

ethnicity

mortality

b)

births

deaths

immigration

ethnicity

c)

births

deaths

immigration

emigration

d)

births

deaths

chronic diseases

emigration

72.

Regardless of location, wolves tend to form packs that hunt together and help one another rear their young. Which of the following most likely describes the population of dispersion of wolves in a given ecosystem?

a)

clumped

b)

uniform

c)

random

d)

individual

73.

REVIEW: What are BIOTIC factors?

a)

Nonliving Factors

b)

Living Factors

c)

A group of species living in the same area at the same time

d)

Factors that are living and nonliving

74.

You drive through Iowa in the spring and notice that along a stretch of several kilometers, every third fence post has a male redwing blackbird perched on it defending its nesting territory. This is an example of:

a)

Clumped Dispersion

b)

Random Dispersion

c)

Uniform Dispersion

d)

Artifical Dispersion

75.

The dispersion pattern (distribution pattern) of a population describes the arrangement of individuals within a habitat at a particular point in time -

A large population of geese gathered together in a marsh is which type of dispersion?

a)

Clumped dispersion

b)

Uniform dispersion

c)

Random dispersion

76.

The dispersion pattern (distribution pattern) of a population describes the arrangement of individuals within a habitat at a particular point in time -

Animals that maintain defined territories, such as nesting penguins, also exhibit which type of dispersion?

a)

Clumped dispersion

b)

Uniform dispersion

c)

Random dispersion

77.

The dispersion pattern (distribution pattern) of a population describes the arrangement of individuals within a habitat at a particular point in time -

Dandelions and other plants that have wind-dispersed seeds spread widely and sprout where they happen to fall describes which type of dispersion?

a)

Clumped dispersion

b)

Uniform dispersion

c)

Random dispersion

78.
The scientific name for an organism is made from the:
a)
class and family name
b)
genus and species name
c)
domain and kingdom name
d)
kingdom and phylum name
79.
Which kingdom contains members who are prokaryotic?
a)
Archaebacteria and Eubacteria
b)
Archaebacteria and Protista
c)
Eubacteria and Animalia
d)
Eubacteria  and Fungi
80.
The 8 levels of classification, most broad to most specific.
a)
Domain, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom, Species
b)
Domain, Species, Kingdom, Genus, Phylum, Family, Class, Order
c)
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
d)
Order, Kingdom, Species, Domain, Phylum, Family, Class, Genus
81.
What do protists, plants, fungi, and animals ALWAYS have in common? They are all...
a)
Multicellular
b)
Eukaryotic
c)
Prokaryotic
d)
Consumers
82.
Who first proposed binomial nomenclature as a way of classifying organisms?
a)
Carl Linnaeus
b)
Carl's Jr.
c)
Charles Darwin
d)
Henry Groseclose
83.
Tool used by a taxonomist to identify an unknown organism is a:
a)
dichotomous key
b)
binomial nmenclature
c)
scientific name
d)
binomial key
84.
Which of the following means sorting living things into groups based on similarities?
a)
Taxonomy
b)
Scientific Sortation
c)
Classification
d)
Taxidermy
85.
Giving living things a two part name is called
a)
Taxonomy
b)
Binomial Nomenclature
c)
Classification
d)
Kingdom Phylum
86.
Which of the following is the least closely related animal:
Gray Wolf: Canis lupus
Aardwolf: Proteles cristatus
Coyote: Canis latrans
a)
Coyote
b)
Aardwolf
c)
Gray Wolf
d)
Need more information on body characteristics
87.
A dichotomous key for trees is provided. Hikers found a tree that has large brown cones and single sharp needles. What species of tree have the hikers found?
a)
Juniper
b)
Pine
c)
Spruce
d)
Fir
88.
What is the name of bird W?
a)
Certhidea
b)
Geospiza
c)
Camarhynchus
d)
Platyspiza
89.
Cells that have a true nucleus are called....
a)
eukaryotes
b)
prokaryotes
c)
unicellular
d)
multicellular
90.
Using this dichotomous key, identity the name of the circled fish.
a)
band-tail puffer
b)
spotted goat fish
c)
peacock flounder
d)
trumpet fish
91.
Animals are divided into vertebrates and invertebrates
a)
True
b)
False
92.
Vertebrates don't have a backbone
a)
True
b)
False
93.
What symmetry do all insects have?
a)
Radial
b)
Asymmetry
c)
Bilateral 
94.
Choose the characteristics that animals must possess in the Animal Kingdom.
a)
multicellular
b)
eukaryotic and multicellular
c)
eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotroph
d)
eukaryotic, multicellular, autotroph
95.
All vertebrates have
a)
4 legs
b)
wings
c)
lungs
d)
a backbone
96.
This domain is characterized by bacteria that can live in extreme environments, such as hot springs.
a)
Archaea
b)
Bacteria
c)
Eukarya
d)
Prokarya
97.
What is the difference between Archaebacteria and Eubacteria?
a)
Eubacteria are eukaryotic.
b)
Archaebacteria are multicellular.
c)
Archaebacteria can live in extreme environments.
d)
Archaebacteria are found everywhere.
98.

What kingdom has organisms that feed off dead or decaying organisms?

a)

Plantae (Plant)

b)

Fungi

c)

Protista (Protist)

d)

Archaebacteria

99.

In what kingdom would you find trees and flowers?

a)

Plantae (Plant)

b)

Fungi

c)

Eubacteria

d)

Animalia

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