WorksheetsPractice Final Exam
Total questions: 56
Worksheet time: 28mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which of the following occurred at the Munich Conference in September 1938?
a)
Britain and France approved the surrender of the Sudetenland to Germany
b)
The Soviet Union left the conference after seeing the terms of the agreement
c)
Italy refused to support Germany
d)
Germany was given all of Czechoslovakia
e)
Winston Churchill convinced all parties to agree to a reasonable compromise
2.
Which of the following best characterizes Renaissance Humanists?
a)
They totally rejected Christianity and embraced atheism
b)
They concentrated on the study of humans from a biological perspective
c)
They rejected writers from the pre-Christian period
d)
They emphasized rhetoric based on classical (Roman and Greek) models
e)
They maintained the principles of medieval Scholasticism
3.
Advocates of northern humanism believed which of the following?
a)
The fusion of Christian and Classical ideals provides the best definition of virtuous conduct
b)
The conventions of romantic love enhance the social respect for women
c)
Education and scholarship should be equally open to men and women
d)
The new poetic forms, such as the sonnet, could be used to articulate their beliefs
e)
Political rights should be extended to all men
4.
The beginning of the Renaissance is most closely associated with:
a)
France
b)
The holy Roman Empire
c)
Florence
d)
Rome
e)
Milan
5.
“O highest and most marvelous felicity of man! To him it is granted to have whatever he chooses, to be whatever he wills.” This quotation expresses the views of:
a)
Niccolo Machiavelli in The Prince
b)
Thomas More in Utopia
c)
Desiderius Erasmus in In Praise of Folly
d)
Castiglione in Book of the Courtier
e)
Pico della Mirandola in On the Dignity of Man
6.
“If a prince wants to maintain his rule, he must learn how not the virtuous, and to make use of this or not according to his need.” The passage above best reflects the argument of:
a)
Thomas More
b)
Niccolo Machiavelli
c)
Louis XII
d)
Henry VII
e)
Erasmus
7.
The primary purpose of the Peace of Augsburg (1555) was to
a)
End the wars between the Hapsburgs and the French Valois monarchy
b)
Facilitate diplomatic relations between the Holy Roman Empire and the Ottoman Turks
c)
End the 30 Years’ War
d)
Create better trade relations among the German princes
e)
End conflict between Lutherans and Roman Catholics in the German states
8.
According to Luther, salvation came through
a)
Works of salvation
b)
Transubstantiation
c)
A sincere faith in and devotion to God
d)
Interpretation of scripture through priests
9.
The Council of Trent was the major body through which
a)
Spain strengthened its position against the Turks
b)
The House of Hapsburg gained control over Italy
c)
The Roman Catholic Church reformed corruption
d)
European states entered into economic cooperation
e)
Puritans and Catholics were reconciled
10.
What was the long-term effect of the Protestant Reformation in Germany?
a)
German unification
b)
A politically weaker Germany, making unification more difficult
c)
A politically stronger Germany, making unification easier
d)
No political changes of any importance
e)
A victory for Charles
11.
Which of the following resulted from the English Reformation?
a)
Immediate wholesale persecution of Catholics in England
b)
Establishment of the English monarch as the head of the Church of England
c)
The Pope’s naming Henry VIII as “Defender of the Faith”
d)
Papal recognition of the English Church as independent but still affiliated with Rome
e)
A revolt by members of the aristocracy who opposed the Reformation
12.
The Treaty of Westphalia (1648)
a)
Further strengthened the Holy Roman Empire
b)
Completely undermined the Holy Roman Empire as a viable state
c)
Maintained that only Catholicism and Lutheranism were legitimate religions
d)
Refused to recognize the independence of the United Provinces of the Netherlands
e)
Gave Alsace and Lorraine to the Hapsburgs
13.
The Edict of Nantes (1598) issued by Henry IV of France did which of the following?
a)
Recognized the rights of French Protestants
b)
Made public the king’s conversion to Roman Catholicism
c)
Recognized the Bourbons’ right to the French throne
d)
Ordered the Spanish out of France
e)
Announced French entry into the war between the Spanish and the Dutch
14.
Which of the following was a result of the 30 Years’ War in the German states?
a)
England and Spain became the dominant powers of Europe
b)
Calvinism was made the state religion of the Hapsburg Empire
c)
The Hapsburg dynasty solidified its control over the Holy Roman Empire
d)
The Holy Roman Empire enjoyed widespread economic and demographic growth
e)
The political fragmentation of the Holy Roman Empire was maintained
15.
Elizabeth I of England and her contemporary, Henry IV of France, could be called politiques because they believed that
a)
Doctrinal unity was necessary to political unity
b)
Religious questions were as important as political questions
c)
Religion was the most important part of politics
d)
Religious leaders should not be involved in religious questions
e)
Theological controversy should be subordinate to political unity
16.
Which of the following was a primary result of the Glorious Revolution of 1688?
a)
The establishment of universal male suffrage
b)
The restoration of Roman Catholicism to England and Scotland
c)
The limitation of monarchical power
d)
The execution of Charles II
e)
The triumph of Puritanism
17.
The Peace of Utrecht (1713-14) altered the balance of power in Europe by
a)
Checking French expansion
b)
Decreasing Austrian territorial holdings
c)
Decreasing England’s colonial empire
d)
Granting sovereignty over Belgium to the Netherlands
e)
Granting independence to the Spanish New World Colonies
18.
In Leviathan, __________ justified absolutism as a model for sovereignty.
a)
William III (William of Orange)
b)
Thomas Hobbes
c)
John Locke
d)
Boussett
e)
Oliver Cromwell
19.
Which of the following best characterizes the policies of Richelieu?
a)
Support for Catholicism at home and abroad
b)
Hostility toward the French nobles; neutrality in the 30 Years’ War
c)
Support the Catholic cause at home; the Protestant cause in Germany
d)
Suppression of the Anabaptists and revocation of the Edict of Nantes
20.
Which of the following represents the final defeat of the Ottoman Empire to acquire large areas of central Europe, and subsequently forced the Ottomans to cede Hungary to the Austrian Habsburgs?
a)
The fall of Hungary
b)
The battle of Lepanto
c)
The siege of Vienna
d)
The Great Northern War
e)
The battle of Poltava
21.
What were the 3 principal political entities in central and Eastern Europe in the early 17th Century?
a)
The Holy Roman Empire, France, and Muscovy
b)
The Holy Roman Empire, the Baltic states, and the Dutch Republic
c)
Muscovy, the Ottoman Empire, and Poland
d)
The Baltic states, the Italian city-states, and the Ottoman Empire
e)
The Holy Roman Empire, the Ottoman Empire, and Poland
22.
One policy that Peter the Great used to make Russia into a great power was to
a)
Decrease the tax burden on his poor subjects
b)
Build a new capital where his nobles and merchants were required to settle
c)
Abolish serfdom
d)
Encourage national pride by urging his subjects to retain traditional dress and customs
e)
Introduce military conscription for adult males
23.
The landowning nobility of Prussia were known as
a)
The Boyars
b)
The Magyars
c)
The Junkers
d)
The Cabinet
e)
The Streltsey
24.
Rene Descartes and Francis Bacon contributed to scientific development in the 17th Century by
a)
Making observations of planetary motion
b)
Perfecting the metric system
c)
Conducting experiments about gravitational forces
d)
Introducing logarithms
e)
Articulating theories of the scientific method
25.
Copernicus was most famous for writing
a)
The Decline and fall of Ptolemy
b)
The Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres
c)
Inquiry into Human Nature
d)
Principia Mathmatica
e)
None of the above
26.
The Ptolemaic system, which was challenged by Copernicus,
a)
Placed the sun at the center of the universe
b)
Did not take into account the existence of God and His place in the physical universe
c)
Rejected the idea of epicycles of planetary objects
d)
Was rejected by the Catholic Church
e)
Was based on a geocentric universe
27.
Who was quoted as saying “I doubt, therefore I think. I think, therefore I am.”
a)
Francis Bacon
b)
Rene Descartes
c)
Galileo
d)
Copernicus
e)
Newton
28.
A major difference in Descartes’ and Bacon’s theories in the 17th century involves
a)
Bacon’s challenging the Scholastic intellectual tradition
b)
Descartes’s continuing belief in supernatural explanations
c)
Bacon’s rejection of the systematic observation of nature
d)
Bacon’s adherence to the geocentric theory of astronomy
e)
Descartes’ emphasis on the importance of mathematics
29.
Adam Smith’s An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of the Nations advocated a system of
a)
Imperialism
b)
Free trade
c)
Protective tariffs
d)
Socialism
e)
Mercantilism
30.
“The law is the expression of the general will. All citizens have a right to concur either personally or by their representatives in its formation. The law should be the same for all, whether it protects or whether it punishes.” The quotation above is a formulation of the ideas of
a)
Frederick the Great
b)
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
c)
Adam Smith
d)
Condorcet
e)
Voltaire
31.
“Sincerely influenced by the ideas of the Enlightenment, this monarch abolished torture, freed the serfs, and established religious toleration.” The enlightened despot described above was
a)
Catherine the Great of Russia
b)
Joseph II of Austria
c)
Maria Theresa of Austria
d)
Frederick the Great of Prussia
e)
Louis XV of France
32.
Which of the following is most characteristic of Voltaire’s ideas?
a)
Empiricism and religious tolerance are to be celebrated
b)
The branches of government should be balanced
c)
Future progress is inevitable and unlimited
d)
The General Will is the basis for good government and should be balanced
e)
Sensory experience can never be verified
33.
The primary problem facing Louis XVI in the late 1780’s was
a)
a. peasant unrest
b)
b. British naval expansion
c)
c. the poverty of the French nation
d)
d. the refusal of the Third Estate to pay taxes
e)
e. the bankruptcy of the monarchy
34.
The main purpose of the women's march to Versailles in October 1789 was to
a)
a. provide the National Assembly and the king with a declaration of support
b)
b. protest the seizure of Louis XVI and Marie-Antoinette by the National Guard
c)
c. present the women's concerns to Marie Antoinette
d)
d. ensure the King's support for the Declaration of rights and cheap bread for Paris
e)
e. protest the lack of representation for women in the National Assembly
35.
The controversy over the corn Laws in early 19th century Britain was in part a conflict between
a)
Wheat farmers and cattle raisers
b)
Large landowners and industrialists
c)
Landless rural laborers and factory workers
d)
Monarchists and liberals
e)
Scottish, Welsh, and Irish separatists and the British government
36.
Luddites and other artisans opposed the development of factories primarily because
a)
They considered the factory machines too dangerous for unskilled labor to operate
b)
They were appalled at the inhuman working conditions in the factories
c)
Factory jobs employed more women than men, thus giving women more social status
d)
They were against having young children work in the factories
e)
The new machinery being introduced into the factories was eliminating their jobs
37.
Which of the following best describes the primary goal of central European liberal political leaders prior to the revolutions of 1848?
a)
A democratic political system with universal voting rights
b)
More state spending to spur economic development
c)
Constitutional government reform and national independence
d)
Support of pacifism and peaceful settlement of disputes
e)
Social reforms, including the abolition of serfdom
38.
Generally speaking, the results of the 1848 revolutions can best be summarized as
a)
Constitutional monarchs in the smaller states
b)
Belgian independence
c)
Very little
d)
Equal status for Hungary in the Empire
e)
Italian unification
39.
The 19th century political unifications of both Italy and Germany were accomplished in large part through
a)
Russian intervention
b)
Loans provided by Great Britain
c)
Warfare
d)
French intervention
e)
International conferences of the major powers
40.
In the 1880s, Bismarck pursued which of the following policies?
a)
Social welfare laws
b)
Alliance with the Social Democratic Party
c)
Free trade
d)
Military alliance with France
e)
Decentralization of government
41.
The Dreyfus Affair in late 19th century France was notable for revealing the widespread existence of which of the following in French society?
a)
Anarchism
b)
Anti-Semitism
c)
Bonapartism
d)
Irredentism
e)
Revanchism
42.
During the Crimean War
a)
Russia fought with the Turks against France because of French intervention in the Balkans
b)
Britain supported the Russians and the French supported the Ottoman Empire
c)
Both France and Britain supported the Ottoman Empire against the Russians
d)
Both France and Britain supported the Russians against the Ottoman Empire
e)
Piedmont supported the Ottoman Empire to win support for Italian unification
43.
The Treaty of Versailles (1919) contributed to the outbreak of World War II, in part, because the treaty
a)
Failed to recognize the Communist government of the soviet Union
b)
Left the question of blame for WWI unanswered
c)
Ignored the nationalist aspirations of ethnic groups in Eastern Europe
d)
Created the League of Nations, which threatened the national sovereignty of European countries
e)
Mandated punitive war reparations from Germany
44.
The Berlin Conference and the Treaty of Berlin (1878) reflected general European agreement on which of the following?
a)
Reduction of trade barriers
b)
The status of Poland
c)
The building of a railroad to Baghdad
d)
Boundaries and spheres of influence in the Balkans
e)
Reductions and limits on armaments
45.
In the period after WWI, British Economist John Maynard Keynes argued that
a)
Price inflation was the primary threat to economic growth
b)
Military spending should remain high even during peacetime
c)
Governments should respond to economic downturns by increasing spending
d)
The best ideas of Adam Smith and Karl Marx could be reconciled
e)
Government interference with the market created economic inefficiencies
46.
As a result of the 1905 revolution, Tsar Nicholas II of Russia agreed to
a)
Withdraw from the Russo-Japanese War
b)
Break up the system of communal landholding and farming
c)
Abdicate in favor of his son
d)
Create a national legislative assembly
e)
Assist the Pan-Slavic movement in the Balkans
47.
Which of the following occurred at the Munich Conference in September 1938?
a)
Britain and France approved the surrender of the Sudetenland to Germany
b)
The Soviet Union left the conference after seeing the terms of the agreement
c)
Italy refused to support Germany
d)
Germany was given all of Czechoslovakia
e)
Winston Churchill convinced all parties to agree to a reasonable compromise
48.
The Yalta agreement allowed
a)
Hitler to create a union with Austria
b)
The division of Germany and Berlin into 4 zones to be administered by the Allies
c)
The division of Berlin by a wall
d)
The Italians to annex Ethiopia
e)
The Soviets to control all of Germany
49.
The political and social values of the Vichy government in France during the Second World War are best described as
a)
Democratic, socialist, and peaceful
b)
Fascist, anti-church, anti-nobility
c)
Conservative-authoritarian, corporatist, Catholic
d)
National Socialist, capitalist, nationalistic
e)
None of the above
50.
The term “Prague Spring” refers to the
a)
Impact of the French Revolution on Czech intellectuals
b)
Uprising in Prague in 1848
c)
Founding of the Republic of Czechoslovakia in 1918
d)
Liberation of Czechoslovakia from Nazi forces in 1945
e)
Reforms by the Czechoslovakian government in 1968
51.
The Yalta agreement allowed
a)
Hitler to create a union with Austria
b)
The division of Germany and Berlin into 4 zones to be administered by the Allies
c)
The division of Berlin by a wall
d)
The Italians to annex Ethiopia
e)
The Soviets to control all of Germany
52.
The political and social values of the Vichy government in France during the Second World War are best described as
a)
Democratic, socialist, and peaceful
b)
Fascist, anti-church, anti-nobility
c)
Conservative-authoritarian, corporatist, Catholic
d)
National Socialist, capitalist, nationalistic
e)
None of the above
53.
A major goal of the 1991 Maastricht Treaty was to
a)
Adopt a single language and curriculum for all European Union Schools
b)
Negotiate trade accords between the European Union and North American Free Trade Agreement
c)
Unify all of the European Union into a single force
d)
Create a single currency and central bank for the European Union
e)
Empower the International Court of Justice as the supreme court of Europe
54.
The term “Prague Spring” refers to the
a)
Impact of the French Revolution on Czech intellectuals
b)
Uprising in Prague in 1848
c)
Founding of the Republic of Czechoslovakia in 1918
d)
Liberation of Czechoslovakia from Nazi forces in 1945
e)
Reforms by the Czechoslovakian government in 1968
55.
The Berlin Wall was built to
a)
Halt the stream of refugees from East Berlin to West Berlin
b)
As a symbol to the West of the closed nature of Communist society
c)
In response to the Cuban Missile Crisis
d)
Under the presidency of Lyndon Johnson
e)
None of the above
56.
The “Velvet Revolution” refers to
a)
Poland
b)
Czechoslovakia
c)
Hungary
d)
Bulgaria
e)
Romania
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