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DNA and Protein Synthesis

Total questions: 61

Worksheet time: 50mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA?

a)

Adenine

b)

Thymine

c)

Glucose

d)

Guanine

e)

Cytosine

2.

Which of the following will pair with Adenine?

a)

Guanine

b)

Thymine

c)

Cytosine

3.

Which of the following will pair with Cytosine?

a)

Thymine

b)

Guanine

c)

Adeine

4.

What is the principal enzyme involved in DNA replication

a)

glucose

b)

fructose

c)

DNA Polymerase

d)

Lactase

5.

DNA replication occurs during ​ (a)   .

Choose from the below words
interphase
metaphase
telophase
anaphase
prophase
6.

Of these four molecules, given the names, which would you think is an enzyme?

a)

Nuclein

b)

Lactase

c)

Glucose

d)

Amino Acid

7.

Match the following

a)

Polymerase

1.

builds the complimentary DNA strand

b)

Ligase

2.

bonds DNA fragments together

c)

Primase

3.

Indicates whee DNA replication begins

d)

Helicase

4.

"unzips" the DNA

8.

Reorder the following

a)

DNA is unzipped

b)

Primase marks region to begin replication

c)

Polymerase builds complimentary DNA strand

d)

Ligase bonds DNA fragments

1)
2)
3)
4)
9.

After replication, each strand has ​ (a)   new strand(s) and ​ (b)   old strand(s).

Choose from the below words
one
two
zero
10.
Enzyme that unwinds the DNA
a)
ligase
b)
DNA Polymerase
c)
primase
d)
helicase
11.
Seals the Okazaki fragments together
a)
DNA Polymerase
b)
ligase
c)
helicase
d)
primase
12.
Replicate the following strand of DNA: 
AATCATGGA
a)
AATCATGGA
b)
TTAGTACCT
c)
UUAGUACCU
d)
GGATAUCUA
13.

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

a)

sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base

b)

sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base

c)

sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base

d)

sugar, phosphate, protein

14.

Which of the following statements about DNA replication is TRUE?

a)

the leading strand is replicated continuously, while the lagging strand is replicated discontinuously

b)

the leading strand is replicated discontinuously, while the lagging strand is replicated continuously

c)

both the leading and lagging strands are replicated continuously

d)

both the leading and lagging strands are replicated discontinuously

e)

each of the leading and lagging strands is replicated both continuously and discontinuously

15.

DNA replication is __________.

a)

Conservative

b)

Semi-conservative

c)

Dispersive

d)

Random

16.

The purpose of replication is to

a)

eliminate DNA

b)

make more DNA

c)

change the DNA

17.

Where does replication happen in human cells?

a)

the cell membrane

b)

the ribosome

c)

the nucleus

18.

When does replication happen?

a)

mitosis

b)

cell division

c)

interphase

19.

The purpose of enzymes is to

a)

slow down reactions

b)

speed up reactions

20.

Which of the following are the correct pairings of DNA nucleotides?

a)

A-T

b)

A-C

c)

C-T

d)

C-G

21.

The bonds that join the DNA nucleotides and that can easily be broken for replication are

a)

nitrogen bonds

b)

hydrogen bonds

c)

oxygen bonds

22.

What is the role of mRNA

a)

Carry an amino acid to the ribosome

b)

Copy the instructions from DNA and carry it out of the nucleus

c)

Make up the ribosomes

23.

Where does Transcription occur

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

ER

d)

Mitochondria

24.

What is the mRNA for the following DNA strand?

TAC GTA

a)

GCT AGC

b)

ATG CAT

c)

AUG CAU

25.

Where does Translation occur?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

ER

d)

Chloroplast

26.

What is the end product of translation?

a)

mRNA that can leave the nucleus

b)

Amino acid chain

c)

monosaccharide chain

d)

Anticodon

27.

Which of the following are differences in the structure between RNA and DNA

a)

DNA uses deoxyribose sugar, RNA uses sugar ribose

b)

DNA pairs Adenine with Uracil, RNA pairs Adenine with Thymine

c)

DNA is a double helix, RNA is a single helix

d)

DNA pairs Adenine with Thymine, RNA pairs Adenine with Uracil

28.

During transcription, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for copying the DNA and brining it out of the nucleus.

a)

tRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

dRNA

29.

These building blocks consist of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base.

a)

Ribose

b)

Nucleotide

c)

Gene

d)

Protein

30.

A string of nucleotides that contain the information to make a specific protein

a)

Ribose

b)

Amino Acids

c)

tRNA

d)

Gene

31.

During translation, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for delivering amino acids to help make a protein.

a)

mRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

tRNA

d)

dRNA

32.
This is the triplet of bases on the end of a tRNA molecule
a)
Anticodon
b)
Codon
c)
Protein
33.
The function of ______ is to combine with proteins to form ribosomes.
a)
rRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
mRNA
d)
DNA
34.
What is the three base sequence of mRNA that codes for a single amino acid?
a)
Anticodon
b)
Codon
c)
Protein
35.

the codon is on the ​ (a)  

the anti-codon is the ​ (b)  

Choose from the below words
mRNA
tRNA
36.

Which of the following is the TEMPLATE strand for this mRNA molecule?

5- AAA UUU GGC -3

a)

3- UUU AAA CCG -5

b)

3- TTT AAA CCG -5

c)

5- TTT AAA CCG -3

d)

5- AAA TTT CCG -3

37.

During RNA synthesis, the DNA template sequence

5’-TAGCTG-3’ would be transcribed to produce which of the following RNA sequences

a)

5’ - ATCGAC - 3’

b)

5’ - CAGCUA - 3’

c)

5’ - UAGCUG - 3’

d)

5’ - CAGCTA - 3’

38.

How can a mutation in the DNA sequence result in NO change to the protein that is made?

a)

There are multiple codons that can code for the same amino acid and result in the same protein

b)

There is always a change in the protein when a mutation occurs

c)

Only the mRNA is used in protein synthesis so a mutation in the DNA would have no effect on the protein

39.

What determines the shape and function of a protein?

a)

The sequence of amino acids

b)

The type of ribosome that assembles the protein

c)

The cell that manufactures the protein

40.

Which anticodon would be placed in spot #2

a)

GGC

b)

CCA

c)

GGA

d)

GGT

41.
The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called ____
a)
transcription
b)
rRNA
c)
replication
d)
translation
42.

When these bond together, they form a protein

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Peptide Bonds

c)

Ribose

d)

Nucleotides

43.

How many nucleotides code for 1 amino acid?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

44.

What brings the amino acids to the ribosome to assemble a protein?

a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)

DNA

45.

Which organelle contains rRNA and reads the mRNA to synthesize a protein?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleotide

46.

How are DNA and RNA different? (CHECK ALL THAT APPLY)

a)

Only DNA can leave the nucleus

b)

RNA contains Thymine; DNA contains Uracil

c)

DNA is double stranded, RNA is a single stranded

d)

DNA contains Thymine, RNA contains Uracil

47.

Why must transcription occur in the nucleus?

a)

because DNA can't leave the nucleus

b)

because ribosomes are in the nucleus

c)

because DNA polymerase is found there

d)

because helicase unzips the DNA

48.

Changes in the DNA sequence that affect genetic information are known as:

a)

replications

b)

transformations

c)

mutations

d)

prokaryotes

49.

A mutation that involves a single nucleotide is called:

a)

chromosomal mutation

b)

point mutation

c)

inversion

d)

translocation

50.

Which codons code for the amino acid serine?

a)

AAA and AAG

b)

CUA and CUG

c)

UCU and AGU

d)

GAG and GAA

51.

Which of the following is a “stop” codon?

a)

AAG

b)

UGC

c)

UGA

d)

UGG

52.

The codon UUU codes for the amino acid:

a)

threonine

b)

phenylalanine

c)

glycine

d)

leucine

53.

Examples are: cytosine, adenine, thymine, and guanine.

a)

nitrogenous bases

b)

sugars

c)

phosphate groups

d)

amino acids

54.

Composed of a sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base. These are the building blocks of DNA.

a)

codon

b)

nucleotide

c)

protein

d)

amino acid

55.

The creation or combination of something

a)

mutation

b)

transcription

c)

translation

d)

synthesis

56.

In RNA, the base thymine is replaced with this base that will bond Adenine instead in RNA.

a)

Cytosine

b)

Guanine

c)

Uracil

d)

Ribose

57.

Molecule that makes up proteins (monomer of proteins)

a)

Ribosome

b)

rRNA

c)

Ribose

d)

Amino acid

58.

Set of three nucleotides in a tRNA molecule that binds to a complementary mRNA codon during translation

a)

Anti-codon

b)

Codon

c)

Amino acid

d)

Bases

59.

Which of the following describes the secondary structure of proteins?

a)

The sequence of amino acids

b)

The α-helix and β-pleated sheet folding

c)

The folding of the polypeptide chain due to the 'R' groups

d)

The joining of different protein molecules to make one big molecule

60.

Why is folding so important in proteins?

a)

It gives them a unique, 3-D functional shape

b)

It makes them look tidier

c)

It makes every protein molecule different from the next even if they are the same type

d)

The folding is random so is not that important at all

61.

The tertiary structure folding in proteins is primary due to the interactions of....

a)

the 'R' groups

b)

the 'P' groups

c)

the 'A' groups

d)

the 'S'

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