a culture is the perspective of an outsider looking in

culture is a focus on the intrinsic cultural distinctions that are meaningful to the members of a given society, an insider’s perspective

the perspective of an outsider looking in

a focus on the intrinsic cultural distinctions that are meaningful to the members of a given society, an insider’s perspective

accumulation of shared meanings, beliefs, norms, traditions

how does system adapt to its habitat

how do people maintain an orderly social life

how do members of a culture elate to their environment and social group

how does system adapt to its habitat

how do people maintain an orderly social life

how do members of a culture elate to their environment and social group

how does system adapt to its habitat

how do people maintain an orderly social life

how do members of a culture elate to their environment and social group

modification of symbols associated w subculture to appeal to larger audiences

set of individuals and organizations that create and market a cultural product

modification of symbols associated w subculture to appeal to larger audiences

set of individuals and organizations that create and market a cultural product

Creative

1. Managerial

2. Communications

myth

tradition

culture

etic view

emic view

ethic view

1. generates new symbols and products

1. selects produces and manages distribution

1. gives meanings to products and provides symbolism

1. generates new symbols and products

2. selects produces and manages distribution

1. gives meanings to products and provides symbolism

1. generates new symbols and products

1. selects produces and manages distribution

1. gives meanings to products and provides symbolism

stories w symbolic elements that represent the shared emotions/ideals of a culture

accumulation of shared meanings, beliefs, norms, traditions

metaphysical

cosmological

sociological

psychological

creative

managerial

communications

etic

emic

helps explain origins of existence

emphasize that all components of the universe are part of a single pic

maintain social order by authorizing a social code to be followed by members of a culture

provide models for personal conduct

helps explain origins of existence

emphasize that all components of the universe are part of a single pic

maintain social order by authorizing a social code to be followed by members of a culture

provide models for personal conduct

helps explain origins of existence

emphasize that all components of the universe are part of a single pic

maintain social order by authorizing a social code to be followed by members of a culture

provide models for personal conduct

helps explain origins of existence

emphasize that all components of the universe are part of a single pic

maintain social order by authorizing a social code to be followed by members of a culture

provide models for personal conduct

set of symbolic behaviors that occur in a fixed sequence and that tend to be repeated periodically

accumulation of shared meanings, beliefs, norms, and traditions

stories w symbolic elements that represent the shared emotions/ideals of a culture

gestation, presentation, reformulation

creative, managerial, communications

epic view, emic view

gift giver must choose and get gift

exchange takes place

relationship may be altered by the exchange

exchange takes place

gift giver must choose and get gift

relationship may be altered by the exchange

gift giver must choose and get gift

exchange takes place

relationship may be altered by the exchange

• involves objects and events that are set apart from normal    activities that are treated with respect or awe

• Involves consumer objects and events that are ordinary and not      special

• involves objects and events that are set apart from normal    activities that are treated with respect or awe

• Involves consumer objects and events that are ordinary and not      special

• Involves consumer objects and events that are ordinary and not      special

• occurs when ordinary objects, events, and even people take on sacred   meaning

• occurs when we attribute sacred qualities to mundane items, through      processes like contamination

• occurs when ordinary objects, events, and even people take on sacred   meaning

• occurs when we attribute sacred qualities to mundane items, through      processes like contamination

• is the systematic acquisition of a particular object or set of objects

• sacred item/symbol is removed from its special place or is duplicated

  in mass quantities and becomes

• is the systematic acquisition of a particular object or set of objects

• sacred item/symbol is removed from its special place or is duplicated

  in mass quantities and becomes

•   Evolutionary rather than revolutionary

• More pronounced change to existing product

• Creates major changes in the way we live

• Evolutionary rather than revolutionary

• More pronounced change to existing product

• Creates major changes in the way we live

• Evolutionary rather than revolutionary

• More pronounced change to existing product

• Creates major changes in the way we live

• money available to a household over and above what it requires    to have a comfortable standard of living

an economy that’s driven by a fairly small number of rich people

used to identify targets and to develop marketing strategies to reach these targets

• money available to a household over and above what it requires    to have a comfortable standard of living

an economy that’s driven by a fairly small number of rich people

used to identify targets and to develop marketing strategies to reach these targets

• money available to a household over and above what it requires    to have a comfortable standard of living

an economy that’s driven by a fairly small number of rich people

used to identify targets and to develop marketing strategies to reach these targets

determined by income, family background, and occupation

used to identify targets and to develop marketing strategies to reach these targets

occupational prestige

income

occupation

functional

reward

indulgence

differentiates people in terms of their aesthetic and intellectual     preferences

occurs when a product we associate w a specific ethic group detaches itself from its roots and appeals to other groups

the process of learning about and adapting to a new environment and    culture

the process of learning about our native culture

the process of learning about and adapting to a new environment and    culture

the process of learning about our native culture

occurs when a product we associate with a specific ethic group     detaches itself from its roots and appeals to other groups

an important influence on how consumers may make decisions and   purchases

based on the idea that birds of a feather flock together

occurs when a product we associate with a specific ethic group     detaches itself from its roots and appeals to other groups

an important influence on how consumers may make decisions and   purchases

based on the idea that birds of a feather flock together

occurs when a product we associate with a specific ethic group     detaches itself from its roots and appeals to other groups

-an important influence on how consumers may make decisions and   purchases

based on the idea that birds of a feather flock together

• moderates the influence which people and groups exert

extensive problem solving with high buyer's involvement

Straight Rebuy

Modified Rebuy

New Task

Consensual Purchase Decisions 

- Accommodative Purchase Decisions

- Extent of Effort: habitual decision making, risk: low, buyer’s involvement: automatic    reorder

- Extent of Effort: limited problem solving, risk: low to moderate, buyer’s involvement:   one of a few

- Extend of Effort: Extensive problem solving, risk: high, buyer’s involvement: many

- Extent of Effort: habitual decision making, risk: low, buyer’s involvement: automatic    reorder

- Extent of Effort: limited problem solving, risk: low to moderate, buyer’s involvement:   one of a few

- Extend of Effort: Extensive problem solving, risk: high, buyer’s involvement: many

- Extent of Effort: habitual decision making, risk: low, buyer’s involvement: automatic    reorder

- Extent of Effort: limited problem solving, risk: low to moderate, buyer’s involvement:   one of a few

- Extend of Effort: Extensive problem solving, risk: high, buyer’s involvement: many

- Members agree on desired purchase

- May differing only in terms of how it will be achieved

- Members have different preferences or priorities

- Can’t agree on a purchase to satisfy the minimum expectations of all involved

- Members agree on desired purchase

- May differing only in terms of how it will be achieved

- Members have different preferences or priorities

- Can’t agree on a purchase to satisfy the minimum expectations of all involved

- Small Influencer Group -> Larger consumer group

- 2 may communication bt consumers and opinion leaders

- Info may trigger a sequence of interactions

- Small Influencer Group -> Larger consumer group

- 2 may communication bt consumers and opinion leaders

- Info may trigger a sequence of interactions

- simply ask individuals whether they consider themselves to be opinion leaders

- Easy to apply to large group of potential opinion leaders

- Inflation or unawareness of own importance/influence

- experts identify others as opinion leaders

- trace communication patterns among group members to create a systematic map of   group interactions 

- most precise method of identifying product info sources, but is very difficult/expensive   to implement

- simply ask individuals whether they consider themselves to be opinion leaders

- Easy to apply to large group of potential opinion leaders

- Inflation or unawareness of own importance/influence

- experts identify others as opinion leaders

- trace communication patterns among group members to create a systematic map of   group interactions 

- most precise method of identifying product info sources, but is very difficult/expensive   to implement

- simply ask individuals whether they consider themselves to be opinion leaders

- Easy to apply to large group of potential opinion leaders

- Inflation or unawareness of own importance/influence

- experts identify others as opinion leaders

- trace communication patterns among group members to create a systematic map of   group interactions 

- most precise method of identifying product info sources, but is very difficult/expensive   to implement