WorksheetsAP Biology Unit 1
Total questions: 91
Worksheet time: 1hrs 6mins
Which of the following does not result from hydrogen bonding in water molecules?
Cohesion
Adhesion
Surface Tension
Dissolving fats
Why is water considered polar?
Nonpolar covalent bonds in structure
Ionic bonds in structure
Polar covalent bonds in structure
Hydrophobic interaction in structure
Which macromolecule(s) have nitrogen?
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Nucleic Acids & Proteins
Which macromolecule(s) have phosphorus?
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Fats
Which macromolecule(s) have sulfur?
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Fats
Describes the forming of a bond between monomers with the removal of a water molecule.
Hydrolysis
Dehydration
Describes the breaking of a bond within a polymer using water.
Hydrolysis
Dehydration
Which of the following is NOT in the monomer of a nucleic acid?
pentose sugar
nitrogenous base
phosphate
amino acid
Which of the following is NOT in the monomer of a protein?
Amine Group
R Group
Carboxyl Group
Nitrogenous Base
Describe the orientation of the phospholipids in the membrane.
Phospholipids orient in bilayer with hydrophilic heads on exterior
Phospholipids orient in monolayer with hydrophilic head on extracellular
Phospholipids orient in bilayer with hydrophobic tails on exterior
Phospholipids orient in monolayer with hydrophobic tails on extracellular
How is DNA/RNA synthesis directionally oriented?
new nucleotides are added to 5' phosphate
new nucleotides are added to 3' phosphate
new nucleotides are added to 5' hydroxyl
new nucleotides are added to 3' hydroxyl
Identify the pairing and number of bonds in DNA double helix
A pairs with T (2 bonds) & G pairs with C (3 bonds)
A pairs with G (2 bonds) & T pairs with C (3 bonds)
A pairs with T (3 bonds) & G pairs with C (2 bonds)
A pairs with G (3 bonds) & T pairs with C (2 bonds)
What component of the polypeptide is the next amino acid added forming the peptide bond?
amino group
hydrogen
carboxyl group
R groups
Which protein involves R group bonding to form the final three dimensional structure?
primary
secondary
tertiary
quaternary
Which protein structure involves the peptide bonds between amino acids?
primary
secondary
tertiary
quaternary
DNA and RNA differ on many qualities, which of the following is NOT a difference?
Sugar
Nitrogenous Base
Phosphate Group
Strandedness
What type of bond is found BETWEEN water molecules?
Hydrogen bonds
Ionic bonds
Nonpolar covalent bonds
Polar covalent bonds
Surface tension of water is the cohesive force between water molecules and other molecules.
True
False
Cohesive force between water molecules and adhesive force between water molecules and other molecules enable this phenomenon to occur.
Surface tension
Capillary action
Float on water
Photosynthesis
Which end of the water molecule has a slightly positive charge?
The hydrogen end
The oxygen end
Both ends are slightly positive
Neither end is positive
What word describes when water is attracted to other substances?
Cohesion
Adhesion
Capillary action
Surface tension
When water molecules stick easily to other water molecules, this is called what?
Cohesion
Adhesion
Solution
Polar molecule
Water beads up on the surface of a penny because of what property?
Adhesion
High surface tension
Universal solvent
Changes in density
The fact that ice floats on liquid water is due to the fact that water's solid form is _____________ than its liquid form.
Less polar
More polar
Less dense
More dense
The tightness across the surface of water that enables insects to walk on it is
Adhesion
Capillary action
Surface tension
Polarity
Which statement explains why water molecules stick together?
Both sides are negative
One side has a positive charge and the other side has a negative charge
One side has a negative charge and the other side has a neutral charge
Both sides are positive
Large bodies of water help to keep nearby climates from being too hot or too cold because they
Absorb heat in the spring and slowly release that heat in the fall
Absorb heat in the fall and slowly release that heat in the spring
Absorb heat in the summer and slowly release that heat in the winter
Absorb heat in the winter and slowly release that heat in the summer
A difference between RNA and DNA
The sugar involved
No pyrimidines
No purines
Different phosphates
A difference between RNA and DNA
Ionic bonding
Covalent bonding
Thymine and Uracil
Guanine and Cytosine
The ratio of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in carbohydrates
2:1:1
1:2:1
1:2:2
1:1:1
Why is the bottom part of this triglyceride bent?
A nitrogen is added
It just is
Deformed
Double bond
Which of the following element(s) are the main components in lipids?
Carbon and Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Sulfur
Which of the following describes why lipids are hydrophobic?
Lipids are composed mostly of hydrocarbons which are nonpolar
Lipids have hydrogen bonds that repel the hydrogen bonds in water
Lipids have more neutrons in their atoms, making the compound neutral
Lipids are gaseous materials that do not dissolve in water
Which of the following functional groups would you always find in an amino acid?
-OH
-NH2
-CO
CH3
Which of the following is true of RNA?
Double stranded helix
Single stranded
Has the base Thymine
Has the sugar deoxyribose
Amino acids are classified according to
Sequence of amino acids
If they are single stranded or double stranded
The properties of the R group
The properties of the carboxyl group
The tertiary structure of a protein is dependent on
the sequence of amino acids
interactions between the amino acid backbone
the interactions of the R groups
Binding of two or more polypeptides together
Which molecules would contain the element phosphorus?
Carboyhydrates and lipids
Nucleic acids
Proteins and carbohydrates
Proteins and nucleic acids
Which statement describes an ionic bond?
Two atoms share a pair or electrons equally
Two atoms share a pair of electrons unequally
One atom gives up an electron to another, and oppositely charged atoms form a bond
One atom shares a proton equally
Why is ice less dense than liquid water?
Partial charges of water molecules repel each other
Water has a high surface tension, keeping ice on the surface
As water cools the hydrogen bonds keep molecules separate from each other
As water cools the hydrogen bonds draw the molecules more closely together
What is the monomer of proteins?
Fatty acids
Amino Acids
Monosaccharides
Nucleotides
What is the monomer of carbohydrates?
Fatty acids
Amino Acids
Monosaccharides
Nucleotides
What is the monomer of nucleic acids?
Fatty acids
Amino Acids
Monosaccharides
Nucleotides
What type of reaction is shown in the image?
Dehydration synthesis
Hydrolsis
DNA replication
RNA translation
In an experiment testing the effect of fertilizer on plant height, what is the dependent variable?
Amount of fertilizer
Amount of sunlight
Amount of water
Plant height
Which of the following might denature proteins?
Increased temperature
Change in pH
Ultraviolet light
All of these would denature proteins
In an experiment looking at the effects of supplemental growth hormone on the weight of rats, what would go on the y axis?
amount of growth hormone
weight of rats
time of rats in a maze
temperature of the rats' environment
Which of the following is correctly defined as the attraction of the hydrogen from one molecule to the oxygen of a different molecule?
amphipathic
hydrophobic
hydrogen bonding
adhesion
In DNA, Thymine bonds with
Adenine
Cytosine
Guanine
Uracil
Structures of carbohydrates are
monomers
chains of monomers
branched structures
all of the options
The process in the picture is called
Dehydration synthesis
Hydrolysis
Glyosidic linking
Atomic bonding
Large bodies of water, such as lakes and oceans, do not quickly fluctuate in temperature. What is the reason for this phenomenon?
Water is an acid
Water has a high heat capacity.
Water acts as a buffer.
Water is a versatile solvent.
Small insects can walk across the surface of calm water. Their feet push the surface of the water down slightly, somewhat like a person walking across a trampoline, but they do not break the surface. What is the best explanation for why this happens?
The insects are light enough so that they do not break the hydrogen bonds holding the water molecules together
The insects actually use their wings to hover slightly above the water's surface and they only skim it with their feet
The insects' feet are non-polar, so they are repelled by the polar water molecules and are pushed away from the water's surface
The insects are small enough to see the individual water molecules, so they are able to step carefully from one molecule to the next
What functional group is -OH
Amino
Hydroxyl
Methyl
Carboxyl
What functional group is shown?
Methyl
Hydroxyl
Carbonyl
Carboxyl
What functional group is shown?
Methyl
Hydroxyl
Carbonyl
Carboxyl
Atoms in molecules share pairs of electrons when they form
Covalent bonds
Ionic Bonds
Polymers
Hydrogen bonds
A scientist grew Chlorella, a single-celled photosynthetic algae, for three weeks in a laboratory culture. The culture medium contained dissolved carbon and other nutrients.
Scientists measured the beginning and the end of the three week period. Based on the results of the graph which nutriets were absent from the culture medium?
phosphorus
nitrogen
oxygen
sulfur
DNA and RNA have the same 5-carbon sugar and the same nucleotides.
True
False
Substitution of amino acids in primary struture does not affect subsequent levels of protein folding.
True
False
Which protein structure involves the peptide bonds between amino acids?
primary
secondary
tertiary
quaternary
Which of the following element(s) are found in proteins?
Carbon / Hydrogen
Oxygen
Phosphorus
Nitrogen
Sulfur
Which of the following bonds is found in the secondary structure of a protein?
Hydrogen
Peptide
Covalent
Ionic
The amino acid glutamic acid has a R group with a negative charge. During folding, which of the following describes the orientation of the R group?
Exterior of protein due to negative charge providing hydrophilic properties
Exterior of protein due to negative charge providing hydrophobic properties
Interior of protein due to negative charge providing hydrophobic properties
Interior of protein due to negative charge providing hydrophilic properties
In terms of directionality of the protein, which of the following provides naming for the side with the amino group?
A-terminus
C-terminus
N-terminus
S-terminus
In terms of directionality of the protein, which of the following provides naming for the side with the carboxyl group?
A-terminus
C-terminus
N-terminus
S-terminus
Which of the following categories includes all others in the list?
carbohydrate
polysaccharide
disaccharide
starch
Which of the following statements concerning unsaturated fats is true?
They contain more hydrogen than do saturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms.
They generally solidify at room temperature.
They are more common in animals than in plants.
They have double bonds in their fatty acid chains.
Which of the following solutions has the greatest concentration of hydrogen ions [H+]?
gastric juice at pH 2
vinegar at pH 3
tomato juice at pH 4
Which of the following statements is true pertaining to the graph given?
There are more Rainbow Pitta than Cockatoo
There are 17.5 million Guildian Finch
Guildian Finch have the least accurate population measurement.
Cockatoo and Rainbow Pitta have no statistical difference in population.
What does a large standard deviation indicate?
The data is clustered closely to the mean.
The data is spread widely around the mean.
The data is normally distrubuted.
The data is not normally distributed.
What does standard deviation represent?
Deviation of negative values from a mean.
Deviation of positive values from a mean.
Spread of the variability of data around a mean.
Statistical significance of variation around a mean.
What percentage of the normal distribution lies within +/- 1 standard deviation of the mean?
98%
65%
95%
68%
What do the error bars in the graph say about data?
The data for Group 1 has a lower mean value.
The data for Group 2 has a higher degree of variability.
The data for Group 1 has a higher degree of accuracy.
The data for Group 1 and 2 has the same degree of coefficient of variation.
SE refers to the...
mean
standard deviation
standard error of the mean
chi square
The symbol σ or s refers to
the mean
the standard deviation
the standard error of the mean
the chi square
In an experiment, the variable that changes in response to independent variable is known as
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Changing variable
Control variable
Which of the following is NOT a null hypothesis?
Cats are no smarter than dogs
Americans enjoy hot dogs twice as much as hamburgers
There is no difference in test scores of students who drink coffee and those that don't
Students spend as much time on TikTok as on Instagram
The hypothesis that two groups are the same.
Alternative hypothesis
Experimental hypothesis
Null hypothesis
Statistical hypothesis
The process by which protein conformation is lost or broken down is
dehydration synthesis
translation
denaturation
hydrolysis
Water is an excellent solvent. Select the property that justifies this statement.
as a polar molecule, it can surround and dissolve ionic and polar molecules
it forms ionic bonds with ions, hydrogen bonds with polar molecules, and hydrophobic interactions with non polar molecules
it forms hydrogen bonds with itself so cohesion is possible
it is liquid and will adhere to many substances
Multiple, fully folded protein chains interacting with each other is a
primary structure
secondary structure
tertiary structure
quaternary structure
How do phospholipids interact with water molecules?
Phospholipids dissolve in water.
The polar heads avoid water; the nonpolar tails attract water (because water is polar and opposites attract).
The polar heads interact with water; the nonpolar tails do not.
Phospholipids do not interact with water because water is polar and lipids are nonpolar.
