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Chemistry of Human Body Review

Total questions: 66

Worksheet time: 2hrs 51mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What two elements make up water?
a)
Helium and oxygen
b)
Hydrogen and oxygen
c)
helium and carbon
d)
oxygen and carbon
2.
Attractions between water molecules are called
a)
Covalent bonds
b)
Ionic bonds
c)
Polar bonds
d)
Hydrogen bonds
3.
Which is NOT a unique property of water?
a)
Frozen water floats on liquid water.
b)
Water covers most of the Earth’s surface and retains a large amount of heat.
c)
Water molecules stick to each other through hydrogen bonds.
d)
Water cools very rapidly.
4.
molecule in which opposite ends have opposite electric charges
a)
cohesion
b)
polar molecule
c)
hydrogen bond
d)
solution
5.
Water is a universal solvent because it...
a)
It can be found anywhere
b)
It freezes when it gets cold
c)
floats when frozen
d)
Dissolves most substances
6.
Water makes up approximately 60% of the human body and plays a vital role in regulating body temperature. Which property of water makes it good at regulating temperature?
a)
Water is a good solvent.
b)
Water exhibits strong cohesion.
c)
. Water has an unusual crystalline structure.
d)
Water has a high capacity for heat.
7.

On the pH scale, an acid is a compound that produces a solution with a pH (a)   7.

8.

What pH does a neutral substance have?

a)

5

b)

6

c)

7

d)

8

9.

Which of the following is the weakest acid?

a)

bananas (pH 5)

b)

tomatoes (pH 4)

c)

cheese (pH 6)

d)

orange juice (pH 3)

10.

What is pH a measure of?

a)

Density

b)

Mass

c)

Hydrogen Ion Concentraion

d)

Polarity

11.

Which of the following pH values represents the greatest concentration of -OH ions?

a)

3

b)

6

c)

9

d)

1

12.

Which of the following pH values represents the greatest concentration of H+ ions?

a)

3

b)

6

c)

9

d)

1

13.

The purpose of a buffer is to ___________.

a)

Neutralize an acid or base and maintain pH.

b)

Make your car's new wax look shiny.

c)

Add volume to your hair.

d)

All of the above.

14.
A(n) _______ is a substance with a pH greater than 7.
a)
Base
b)
Acid
c)
Buffer
d)
Water
15.
The pH scale is a range from:
a)
1-7
b)
0-14
c)
1-14
d)
1-20
16.
Which solution releases H+ in solution?
a)
Base
b)
Acid
c)
Buffer
d)
Water
17.
This substance releases OH- into solution
a)
Acid
b)
Base
c)
Neutral
18.
A solution with a pH of 8.6 would be...
a)
Acid
b)
Base
c)
Neutral
d)
Acid and Base
19.

Stores genetic information

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

20.

Source of quick energy

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

21.

Long-term storage of energy

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

22.

Monosaccharides

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

23.

DNA and RNA

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

24.

Amino Acids

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

25.

Nucleotide

a)

carbohydrate

b)

lipid

c)

protein

d)

nucleic acid

26.

Forms the cell membranes?

a)

lipids

b)

carbohydrates

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

27.
The more bonds a molecule has, the more....
a)
water is stored
b)
force is stored
c)
energy is stored
d)
oxygen is stored
28.
Which of the following elements is required in an organic compound?
a)
nitrogen
b)
oxygen
c)
carbon
d)
sodium
29.
The four organic compounds found in living things are?
a)
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Nucleic Acids, and Oxygen
b)
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Carbon
c)
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
d)
Carbon, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
30.
DNA is an example of a ______.
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipid
c)
Protein
d)
Nucleic Acid
31.
Organic compounds are always based on what element?
a)
hydrogen
b)
water
c)
carbon
d)
arsenic
32.
Water is what type of compound?
a)
organic
b)
inorganic
c)
toxic
33.

Fats, oils, waxes, cholesterol, hormones

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

34.
What is the purpose  of an enzyme?
a)
give permission for the reaction
b)
raise activation energy
c)
speed up reactions
d)
control how many reactions occur
35.

Enzymes are an example of

a)

Lipids

b)

Carbohydrate

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

36.

What is a substance called if it speeds up a chemical reaction?

a)

reusable

b)

catalyst

c)

specific

d)

fragile

37.

In the diagram, what is letter A?

a)

product

b)

enzyme-substrate complex

c)

substrate

d)

active site

38.

Letter D...

a)

enzyme

b)

active site

c)

substrate

d)

products

39.

Letter B...

a)

substrate

b)

active site

c)

enzyme

d)

products

40.

Letter C...

a)

products

b)

substrate

c)

enzymes

d)

active site

41.

An enzyme speeds up a reaction by

a)

raising the activation energy

b)

lowering the activation energy

c)

releasing energy

d)

absorbing energy.

42.

What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?

a)

The shape of the enzyme are changed and it denatures

b)

The enzymes die

c)

The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes

d)

The enzymes remain the same

43.

Letter E...

a)

active site

b)

products

c)

substrate

d)

enzyme

44.

What happens to an enzyme when it is denatured?

a)

Activation energy is lowered

b)

It becomes stronger

c)

It loses its shape

d)

Activation energy is raised

45.

Substances that are changed during a chemical reaction

a)

reactants

b)

products

46.

Which would be the enzyme that breaks down the starch amylose?

a)

amylase

b)

maltase

c)

lactase

d)

amylose

47.

What is activation energy?

a)

the energy from the sun

b)

the energy produced by an enzyme

c)

the energy needed to get a reaction going

d)

none of these

48.

What does it mean when an enzyme is denatured?

a)

that there is an acid around

b)

that the enzyme works faster

c)

that it is providing energy for the cell

d)

that the shape is changed of the active site & it no longer works

49.

In the lock-and-key model of enzyme action, the __________ fits into the __________ of the enzyme.

a)

product; substrate

b)

active site; product

c)

substrate; active site

d)

active site; substrate

50.
Building block of ...
a)
carbohydrates
b)
proteins
c)
lipids
d)
nucleic acids
51.

Building block of ...

a)

nucleic acids

b)

proteins

c)

lipids

d)

carbohydrates

52.

Which numbers are carbs?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

e)

5

53.

Which monomer is a lipid (triglyceride)?

a)

F

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

E

54.
What is most likely being shown?
a)
amino acids
b)
chromosomes
c)
DNA
d)
RNA
55.

Why is folding so important in proteins?

a)

It gives them a unique, functional shape

b)

It makes them look tidier

c)

It makes every protein molecule different from the next even if they are the same type

d)

The folding is random so is not that important at all

56.

What is this a picture of?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Protein

c)

Lipid

d)

Nucleic Acid

57.

What is this a picture of?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Protein

c)

Lipid

d)

Nucleic Acid

58.

What is this a picture of?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Protein

c)

Lipid

d)

Nucleic Acid

59.

What is this a picture of?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Protein

c)

Lipid

d)

Nucleic Acid

60.

A component of water and other compounds; it is essential for respiration

a)

oxygen

b)

carbon

c)

sodium

d)

hydrogen

61.

Found in all organic molecules

a)

oxygen

b)

carbon

c)

sodium

d)

hydrogen

62.

A component of water and other compounds

a)

phosphorus

b)

carbon

c)

sodium

d)

hydrogen

63.

This element is only found in nucleic acids AND proteins.

a)

phosphorus

b)

carbon

c)

nitrogen

d)

hydrogen

64.

This element is only found in nucleic acids

a)

phosphorus

b)

carbon

c)

nitrogen

d)

hydrogen

65.

Found in bones and teeth; important in membrane function, nerve impulses, muscle contractions and blood clotting.

a)

phosphorus

b)

carbon

c)

calcium

d)

sodium

66.

Also important in membrane function, nerve impulses, and muscle contraction.

a)

phosphorus

b)

carbon

c)

nitrogen

d)

sodium

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