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Benchmark 1 Review

Total questions: 62

Worksheet time: 14hrs 49mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
How long after a new moon will it take to see another new moon?
a)
12 days
b)
29.5 days
c)
27.3 days
d)
365 days
2.
Name the moon phase
a)
waning crescent
b)
waxing crescent
c)
waning gibbous
d)
waxing gibbous
3.
Name the moon phase
a)
waning crescent
b)
waxing crescent
c)
waning gibbous
d)
waxing gibbous
4.
Name the moon phase
a)
First Quarter
b)
Last Quarter
c)
New Moon
d)
Full Moon
5.
Name the moon phase
a)
First Quarter
b)
Last Quarter
c)
New Moon
d)
Full Moon
6.
Name the moon phase
a)

1st Quarter

b)

3rd Quarter

c)
New Moon
d)
Full Moon
7.

Tides are caused by the difference in the gravitational force of the ________ and ________ across the ________.

a)

earth, sun, moon

b)

sun, mars, jupiter

c)

sun, moon, earth

d)

tide, water, sun

8.

_______are daily changes in ocean water.

a)

Waters

b)

Tides

c)

Colors

d)

Earths

9.

A[n] ___________ tide occurs when the sun, Earth, and the moon are nearly in a line, creating the greatest differences in high tide and low tide.

a)

spring

b)

high

c)

low

d)

neap

10.

A[n] ______________ tide occurs when the sun is at right angles to the line between Earth and the moon, resulting in weaker tides overall.

a)

high

b)

neap

c)

low

d)

spring

11.

Which event is being shown?

a)

Solar eclipse, with the Sun blocking our view of the moon

b)

Lunar eclipse, with the moon blocking our view of Earth

c)

Solar eclipse, with the Moon blocking our view of the Sun

d)

Lunar Eclipse, with the Moon blocking our view of the Sun

12.
Which type of eclipse is shown in this picture?
a)
Solar Eclipse
b)
Orbit
c)
Lunar Eclipse
d)
Total Eclipse
13.
Which type of eclipse is shown in the diagram?
a)
Solar Eclipse
b)
Lunar Eclipse
c)
Total Eclipse
d)
Partial Eclipse
14.
Tides are the cycle of rising and falling ocean water that repeats automatically every
a)
24 hours
b)
12.5 hours
c)
25 hours
d)
6.25 hours
15.

Which body has the greater effect on Earth's tides?

a)

Sun

b)

Saturn

c)

Moon

d)

Venus

16.
What type of tides would this arrangement of earth-moon-sun create?
a)
neap tide
b)
spring tide
c)
new moon tide
d)
full moon tide
17.

What is the solar system?

a)

Several stars and planets orbiting each other

b)

All the stars orbiting a black hole at the center

c)

The sun and planets ONLY

d)

The sun, planets, and all other objects that orbit the sun

18.

What is the center of our solar system?

a)

The sun

b)

Earth

c)

Jupiter

d)

Saturn

19.

Which planet is the farthest away from our sun?

a)

Mars

b)

Jupiter

c)

Neptune

d)

Uranus

20.

One AU stands for Astronomical Unit. An Astronomical Unit (AU) is the distance between The Sun and the Earth, or 150 million meters. If Jupiter is 5 AU away from the Sun, how far way is Jupiter from the sun in Meters?

a)

5 million meters away from the sun

b)

1000 million meters away from the sun

c)

750 million meters away from the sun

d)

7500 million meters away from the sun

21.

Where does the moon get its light from?

a)

The moon makes its own light

b)

The moon gets light from Earth

c)

The Moon gets light from the sun

d)

None of the above

22.

Which is the largest, most luminous star on the chart?

a)

Spica

b)

Rigel

c)

Betelgeuse

d)

Deneb

23.

Which group of stars is the Sun associated with?

a)

Supergiants

b)

Giants

c)

White Dwarfs

d)

Main Sequence

24.

What is the temperature of the star Sirius?

a)

50

b)

10,000

c)

1

d)

100

25.

What is the luminosity of the Sun?

a)

5,500

b)

100

c)

1

d)

6,000

26.

Name the largest planet in size.

a)

Saturn

b)

Jupiter

c)

Earth

d)

Neptune

27.

Which planet is the most eccentric, or has the highest eccentricity?

a)

Saturn

b)

Earth

c)

Mars

d)

Mercury

28.

Which planet has the shortest day?

a)

Jupiter

b)

Mercury

c)

Neptune

d)

Earth

29.

What is the name of the galaxy that contains our solar system?

a)

Andromeda

b)

Milky Way

c)

Whirlpool

d)

Triangulum

30.

Which planet is known as the 'Red Planet'?

a)

Venus

b)

Mars

c)

Jupiter

d)

Mercury

31.

Which statement is true?

a)

The galaxies are moving toward us.

b)

The galaxies are moving away from us.

c)

The universe remains static or unchanged in motion.

d)

None of the above

32.

Light emitted from a star or galaxy can be separated into a band of colors, called a ________.

a)

Red Shift

b)

Wave Length

c)

Spectrum

d)

Microwave

33.

Which elements are most

abundant in the visible

universe?

a)

Hydrogen and Carbon

b)

Carbon and Helium

c)

Hydrogen and Oxygen

d)

Hydrogen and Helium

34.
Light waves that are stretched out by objects moving apart:
a)
have a shorter wavelength.
b)
travel faster than the speed of light.
c)
are invisible.
d)
appear more red.
35.

The Cosmic Background Radiation is:

a)

the remaining energy from the big bang.

b)

incredibly hot.

c)

visible to the human eye.

d)

only located in certain places in the universe.

36.
The universe is expanding!  This means that:
a)
all of the galaxies are spreading out.
b)
the universe must have started from a single point.
c)
the universe is cooling down.
d)
all of the above.
37.

If a star is being observed from Earth and it's light has shifted towards the blue/violet side of the electromagnetic spectrum it would be...

a)
Moving towards the Earth
b)
Moving away from the Earth
c)
This is a trick question that cannot be answered
d)
It isn't a star, it is a very large blueberry.
38.
Use the image to identify the motion of the object relative to Earth.  Compare the absorption spectra of the star to what the star would look like if it were not moving at all relative to Earth.
a)
It is not moving
b)
It is moving away from Earth (Redshift)
c)
It is moving towards Earth (Blueshift)
d)
It is moving towards Earth (Redshift)
39.
How old do scientists think the Universe is?
a)
13.8 billion years old
b)
4.5 billion years old
c)
24,000 years old
d)
5 years old
40.

At 10,000 degrees Celsius, hydrogen begins to come together to form helium and energy is released in a process called

a)
supernova
b)
pulsar
c)
nuclear fusion
d)
nuclear fission
41.
A small, hot star near the end of its life is a star called a
a)
white dwarf
b)
red dwarf
c)
supergiant
d)
protostar
42.
As gravity pulls gas and dust into a sphere that becomes denser and hotter, and a sunlike star begins to form, it is called a(n)
a)
white dwarf
b)
red dwarf
c)
supergiant
d)
protostar
43.
a star that expands and cools once it runs out of hydrogen
a)
pulsar
b)
black hole
c)
red giant
d)
supernova
44.
The color of a star depends on its
a)
size
b)
temperature
c)
shape
d)
magnitude
45.
Why do all the stars appear to make one complete circle around Polaris every 24 hours?
a)
because of Earth's fixed position
b)
because of Earth's rotation
c)
because Polaris rotates around Earth
d)
because the stars rotate around Earth
46.
What color are the hottest stars?
a)
red
b)
yellow
c)
orange
d)
blue
47.
What is the name of the gas/dust clouds that form stars?
a)
Nebulas
b)
Protostars 
c)
Supernova
d)
Neutron Star
48.
What is the name of the explosion at the death of a massive star?
a)
Supergiant
b)
Supernova
c)
Black Hole
d)
Nebula
49.

Which star is not as hot as our Sun, but has a greater luminosity?

a)

Spica

b)

Aldebaran

c)

Polaris

d)

Procyon B

50.

The sun will eventually become a star similar to

a)

Procyon B

b)

Spica

c)

Deneb

d)

Barnard's Star

51.
The orbiting motion of the Earth is best described as 
a)
inclination
b)
revolution
c)
rotation
d)
declination
52.
Earth does a complete revolution every _______
a)
10 years
b)
12 hours
c)
24 hours
d)
365 days
53.
What does the tilt of the earth cause?
a)
heating
b)
Seasons
c)
Atmosphere
d)
Years
54.

Polaris is called the North Star because...

a)

It is a cold star.

b)

It is the brightest in the sky.

c)

It is located above the Earth's North Pole.

d)

It is only seen in the winter.

55.

Which planet has the most circular orbit?

a)

Mercury

b)

Mars

c)

Earth

d)

Venus

56.

As the Earth passes through the Winter Solstice, it ...

a)

is moving faster than at the Summer Solstice.

b)

is moving slower than at the Summer Solstice.

c)

is moving the same speed than at the Summer Solstice.

d)

is no longer moving at all.

57.

The place where a planet is closest to the Sun as it orbits the Sun is called the ...

a)

perihelion

b)

aphelion

58.

The place where a planet is farthest from the Sun as it moves along its orbit is called the ...

a)

aphelion

b)

perihelion

59.

The farther a planet is from the Sun, the __________ it takes to orbit the Sun.

a)

longer

b)

shorter

c)

it does not matter since the rate will be the same for all planets

60.

Which of the inner planets have the LARGEST eccentricity?

a)

Mercury

b)

Earth

c)

Venus

d)

Mars

61.
Where is the planet moving faster
a)
Position A to B
b)
Position B to C
c)
Position H to I
d)
Position I to J
62.
An ellipse is drawn around two points called
a)
aphelion
b)
perihelion
c)
foci
d)
axis

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