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WorksheetsProtein Synthesis, Meiosis, and Mutations Test Review
Total questions: 60
Worksheet time: 55mins
Match the following for mitosis and meiosis.
PMAT happens once or twice
Mitosis & Meiosis
makes 4 genetically different cells
Meiosis
Sister Chromatids (already crossed over) pull apart
Anaphase 2 of Meiosis
Homologous Chromosomes pulled apart & Independent assortment
Anaphase 1 of Meiosis
makes 2 identical cells
Mitosis
2 diploid (2n) daughter cells form in what phase of Meiosis?
Telophase 2
Telophase/Cytokinesis 1
Anaphase 2
Cytokinesis 2
Which of the following are CORRECT observations about MITOSIS and MEIOSIS? (Check all that apply.)
Mitosis produces cells that identical to the parent cell.
Meiosis produces cells that have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
All cells go through INTERPHASE as part of the cell cycle, whether it goes to mitosis or meiosis next.
In both types of cell division, the chromosomes are only duplicated once.
Only in Mitosis, do you see chromosomes pair up to form a tetrad.
Crossing over usually occurs between:
Sister Chromatids
Homologous Chromosomes
Alleles
Non-Homologous Chromosomes
If an egg cell of an organism contains 12 chromosomes, how many chromosomes should be present in a heart cell of the same organism?
12
24
6
48
How many chromosomes does a sex cell have compared to a body cell?
twice as many
the same amount
the same, but replicated
half as many
The matching pair of chromosomes you inherit from your genetic parents are called
sister chromatids
autosomes
homologous chromosomes
sex chromosomes
What is the purpose of meiosis?
growth
repair
reproduction
to create identical cells
What is the purpose of mitosis?
growth and repair
reproduction
genetic diversity
to create unique cells
A diploid cell...
has 1/2 the amount of chromosomes
has the normal amount of chromosomes (46)
is represented by (n) in meiosis
A haploid cell...
has the complete amount of chromosomes (46)
is represented by (2n)
has 1/2 the amount of chromosomes
Which phrase best describes MEIOSIS?
cell division of somatic cells (normal body cells)
cell division of prokaryotic cells
cell division of gametic cells
One similarity between MITOSIS and MEIOSIS is...
the order of phases (PMAT)
the types of cells that are dividing
where the process is occurring in the organism
Crossing over is the process of...
chromosomes separating during Anaphase
tiny pieces being exchanged on two sister chromatids
chromatids lining up in the middle of the cell during Metaphase
(a) is the type of cell division that makes gametes.
Which phase in cell division comes before Anaphase?
(a)
What is the outcome of DNA transcription and translation?
Make muscles
Make protein
Make cells
Make DNA
What is the basic unit (monomer) of DNA?
Phosphate Group
Nucleotide
Amino Acid
Monosaccharide
DNA is found in the (a) . This is also where mRNA is created.
What is true of RNA? (select all that apply)
Single Strand
Contains uracil
Ribose Sugar
Deoxyribose Sugar
The m in mRNA stands for (a)
Transcribe the following DNA strand: CTG AAT
GAC TTA
CTG AAT
GAC UUA
CUG AAU
Where does TRANSCRIPTION occur?
Nucleus
Ribosome
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
TRANSCRIBE this DNA sequence: TACGTTACT
AUGCAAUGA
ATGCAATGA
AUGGATUGA
TACGTTACT
During transcription, a sequence of (a) is copied onto a strand of (b) so that it can leave the (c) to find a (d) .
During translation, the code from (a) is read by the (b) and translated into a sequence of (c) .
Which amino acid is coded for by the following mRNA codon CCU?
Determine the correct amino acid sequence from the mRNA strand:
5' UAU GCC GUA CGC GAA CAC 3'
Tyrosine - Glycine -Valine - Arginine -Glutamic Acid -Histidine
Tyrosine - Alanine -Leucine - Arginine -Glutamic Acid -Histidine
Tyrosine - Alanine -Valine - Arginine -Glutamic Acid -Histidine
Tyrosine - Alanine -Valine - Arginine -Glutamic Acid - Asparagine
Match the type of mutation with its definition:
when one nucleotide is switched for a different one in the DNA sequence
when one nucleotide is added into the DNA sequence
Insertion
when one nucleotide is removed from the DNA sequence
Deletion
What type of mutation is shown in the picture?
substitution
insertion
deletion
translocation
What type of mutation is shown in this picture?
No mutation
What type of mutation is shown in this picture?
No mutation
Which type of mutation has occurred in this sequence of DNA?
Original DNA: 3' ATGCGCTAGATCGAT 5'
Mutated DNA: 3' ATGCCGCTAGATCGAT 5'
Which type of mutation has occurred in this sequence of DNA?
Original DNA: 3' ATGCGCTAGATCGAT 5'
Mutated DNA: 3' ATGCGCAAGATCGAT 5'
A change in a gene, group of genes or chromosome that results in a change in the proteins
Replication
Mutations
Translation
Transcription
A frameshift mutation where a nucleotide base
is removed from the DNA sequence.
Deletion Mutation
Substitution Mutation
Translocation
Silent Mutation
A nucleotide base is inserted or deleted shifting the entire DNA sequence. Entire protein will be changed.
Substitution Mutation
Silent Mutation
Frameshift Mutation
Translocation
Part of a chromosome is reversed.
Inversion Mutation
Deletion Mutation
Translocation
Point Mutation
Part of a chromosome is repeated
Gene Mutation
Point Mutation
Deletion Mutation
Duplication Mutation
Part of a chromosome
is deleted
Deletion Mutation-Gene
Translocation
Deletion Mutation -Chromosomal
Crossing Over
Part of one chromosome is transported and attached
to a non-homologous chromosome
Inversion Mutation
Translocation Mutation
Duplication Mutation
Point Mutation
Failure of homologous chromosomes
to separate during meiosis.
Results in gametes with either one extra or one missing chromosome.
Translocation
Nondisjunction
Replication
Transcription
Which Nucleic Acids can be found in the nucleus?
DNA only
DNA & RNA
RNA only
enzymes only
What are the steps in order of protein synthesis.
Messenger RNA is produced using DNA as a template
mRNA attaches to the ribosome
a anti-codon on tRNA bonds to a specific codon on mRNA
Amino acids bond together to create a peptide chain
A protein is created
What amino acid would be added to the protein being formed during translation if the mRNA codon reads "AUG?"
Phenylalanine
Tyrosine
Leucine
Methionine
What amino acid would be added to the protein being formed during translation if the mRNA codon reads "CCU?"
Isoleucine
Stop
Methionine
Proline
Circle the Mutation
What enzymes are needed during protein synthesis?
Helicase
RNA Polymerase
DNA Polymerase
Primase
Ribonuclease Deterioase
Mutations are...
Random errors that are triggered because of either external mutagens or internal process errors
What make spider man the greatest superhero of all... "Mr. Stark...I don't feel so good."
Always bad and cause bad things to happen to organisms
What is a Point Mutation?
Several nitrogenous bases are substituted
A single base is substituted/changed
a base is added or deleted
What is a Frameshift mutation?
You move a picture frame to the other side of your house
a single base is substituted
a single base is added or deleted (changing the viewing frame)
What type of mutation is depicted in this sequence?
Substitution
Insertion
Deletion
Frameshift
Which of the following proteins code for the mRNA sequence? AUGGUUAAACGACAAUCC
Val, Lys, Phe, Gly, Ser
Met, Asp, Phe, Ala, Arg
Met, Val, Lys, Arg, Gln, Ser
Ile, Gln, Lys, Asp, Gly, Leu, Ser
