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INF2001 - Intro to software Engineering

Total questions: 139

Worksheet time: 1hrs 12mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Managing software changes is challenging because

a)

Software development effort must be distributed amongst developers

b)

Software requirements change frequently

c)

All of the options

d)

Developers might be located in different countries

2.

What are the main considerations in perfective maintenance in software projects?

a)

The main considerations in perfective maintenance are about handling exceptions or errors for better backup routines

b)

The main considerations in perfective maintenance are about adapting to new operating systems

c)

The main considerations in perfective maintenance are about correcting logical errors

d)

The main considerations in perfective maintenance are about usability and performance

3.

The main cause of problems in uncontrolled software changes includes: (You may select more than one answers)

a)

The team did not have a procedure in place for notifying others that a change was to be made to a class Application Programming Interface (API)

b)

The project team permits uncontrolled change to the source code master copy

c)

Two or more developers are working on parallel development effort

d)

There was no agreed system of preserving previous (Working) version of software

4.

Which of the following is a configuration item: (Select ALL that is/are correct)

a)

The software design and implementation

b)

Test plan and harness

c)

Problem definition and requirements specification

d)

Source code

e)

User documentation

5.

What is the moving target problem in software development?

a)

Lack of funding for software development

b)

Lack of proper software development tools

c)

Difficulty in finding skilled software developers

d)

Continuous changes in requirements while the software is being developed

6.

If a software has a logical error, such as incorrect sequencing of records, which type of maintenance activity should be applied?

a)

Adaptive maintenance

b)

Preventive maintenance

c)

Corrective maintenance

d)

Perfective maintenance

7.

If a software development team wants to enhance to software reliability, security and robustness, which type of maintenance activity should they focus on?

a)

Adaptive maintenance

b)

Preventive maintenance

c)

Corrective maintenance

d)

Perfective maintenance

8.

What type of maintenance activity would be appropriate if a software needs to charge to the latest operating system?

a)

Adaptive maintenance

b)

Preventive maintenance

c)

Corrective maintenance

d)

Perfective maintenance

9.

In context of software testing, what does it mean to ‘build the right system’?

a)

It refers to the process of debugging, ensuring the software is free of errors

b)

It refers to the process of verification, ensuring the software is designed and developed as per the specified requirement

c)

If refers to the process of validation, ensuring the software meets the client’s true needs and expectations

d)

It refers to the process of coding, ensuring the software is written in the correct programming language

10.

In context of software testing, what does it mean to ‘build the system right’?

a)

It refers to the process of debugging, ensuring the software is free of errors

b)

It refers to the process of verification, ensuring the software is designed and developed as per the specified requirement

c)

If refers to the process of validation, ensuring the software meets the client’s true needs and expectations

d)

It refers to the process of coding, ensuring the software is written in the correct programming language

11.

Which of the following is not a goal of testing

a)

Minimizing time span between insertion, discovery and removal

b)

Minimize the number of defects inserted

c)

Eliminate all defects in software

d)

Maximize number of defects discovered and removed

12.

What process in software testing involves determining if the software is designed and developed as per the specified requirements?

a)

Validation

b)

Debugging

c)

Verification

d)

Coding

13.

What is validation in software testing?

a)

The process of determining if the software is designed and developed as per the specific requirement

b)

The process of examining the functionality and behavior of the software

c)

The process of marketing and selling software

d)

The process of checking if the software has met the client’s true needs and expectations

14.

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true of testing as part of the QA process (You may select more than one option)

a)

Provide the strongest guarantees about the system at all costs

b)

Exhaustive testing is a requirement

c)

Providing the strongest guarantees about the system at minimal effort and cost

d)

Testing of own code is recommended

e)

Exhaustive testing is not possible

15.

What does software testing aim to ensure the software meets?

a)

Software development goals

b)

User requirements

c)

Technical requirements

d)

Both technical and user requirements

16.

What is the main purpose of software testing?

a)

Meeting technical requirements

b)

Ensuring bug-free software

c)

Meeting user requirements

d)

All of the above

17.

If a software development teams is in the process of checking if the software they are building meets the client’s  true needs and expectations, which process are they performing?

a)

Validation

b)

Debugging

c)

Verification

d)

Coding

18.

What is the verification in software testing?

a)

The process of determining if the software is designed and developed as per the specific requirement

b)

The process of examining the functionality and behavior of the software

c)

The process of marketing and selling software

d)

The process of checking if the software has met the client’s true needs and expectations

19.

What are the four tasks of detailed design?

a)

Interface design, User interface design, Internal Components and Software design

b)

Interface design, User interface design, Internal components and Data design

c)

Interface design, User interface design, external components and Data design

d)

Interface design, User interface design, internal components and system design

20.

What is the shift in design effort when moving from the Software Architecture design phase to Detailed Design phase?

a)

The shift is from a macro design approach to a construction design approach

b)

The shift is from a macro design approach to a micro design approach

c)

The shift is from micro design approach to a construction design approach

d)

The shift is from a micro design approach to a macro design approach

21.

What are the four properties used to evaluate detailed designs?

a)

Completeness, Correctness, Testability and Maintainability

b)

Completeness, Correctness, Usability and Cost-Effectiveness

c)

Usability, Cost-Effectiveness, Testability and Maintainability

d)

Completeness, Correctness, Testability and Cost-Effectiveness

22.

What are the two major activities for software design according to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge? (Select TWO (2) activities)

a)

Deployment

b)

Maintenance

c)

Detailed Design

d)

Documentation

e)

Architectural Design

23.

What is the purpose of a software architecture diagram?

a)

To test the software

b)

To write user manuals

c)

To highlight critical system interactions and relationship

d)

To document the code

24.

What does software architecture describe?

a)

The fundamental concepts and properties of a system within the context of its environment, relationship, principles of design, and more

b)

Models that depict the quality and function of the software system. The choice of applying architectural patterns for designing some architectural elements

c)

The detailed design of the system that can be directly translated into code

d)

The micro design approach for creating models that depict the quality and function of the software system

25.

What is the fundamental organization of a system described as in software architecture?

a)

Components and their relationship

b)

Coding and Testing

c)

User interface and environment

d)

Data flow and communication protocols

26.

What is the difference between software architecture and detailed design?

a)

Software architecture and detailed design are the same thing

b)

Software architecture is concerned with usability, while detailed design is concerned with cost effectiveness

c)

Detailed design identifies major components of the system, while software architecture identifies the internal structure of components

d)

Software architecture looks at the big picture, while detailed design looks at the details

27.

What is the main goal of software architecture activities?

a)

To transform software requirements into design elements

b)

To create working code

c)

To evaluate software usability

d)

To test software maintainability

28.

Why is software architecture considered important?

a)

It addresses concerns of various stakeholders

b)

It determines the programming language to be used

c)

It focuses on detailed design

d)

It involves construction design

29.

What is the purpose of a software architecture diagram?

a)

To write user manuals

b)

To highlight critical system interactions and relationships

c)

To test the software

d)

To document the code

30.

Detailed Design patterns are only applicable to specific kinds of applications.

a)

True

b)

False

31.

Software architecture and detailed design both focus on identifying the major components of the system.

a)

True

b)

False

32.

What is the order of the steps in the software architecture process?

[ ] Designing and evaluating the architecture

[ ] Documentation

[ ] Understanding Requirements

[ ] Identifying subsystems and components

[ ] Monitoring and Updating It




(a)  

33.

Which symbol in a sequence diagram represents a message Return from one object to another?

a)

Line with oval

b)

Dotted line with empty arrowhead

c)

Line with Diamond

d)

Line with filled in star

e)

Dotted line with filled in arrowhead

34.

Which UML diagram is most suitable for illustrating the collaborating and flow of messages between object during a specific use case or scenario?

a)

Use Case Diagram

b)

Sequence Diagram

c)

Statechart diagram

d)

Component diagram

e)

Storyboard diagram

35.

Which symbol in a sequence diagram represents a message from an actor?

a)

b)

c)

d)

36.

Which symbol in a sequence diagram represents a message to an actor?

a)

b)

c)

d)

37.

Which symbol in a sequence diagram represents a self-message?

a)

b)

c)

d)

38.

Which of the following is NOT a component of a sequence diagram?

a)

Lifelines

b)

Message

c)

Sequence Numbers

d)

Lifebars

e)

Activation Bars

39.

What is a sequence diagram in UML primarily used for?

a)

None of these mentioned

b)

Describing the structure of classes in a system

c)

Modeling the dynamic behavior and interactions among objects over time

d)

Defining the user interfaces of a software application

e)

Representing the physical deployment of system components

40.

Sequence diagram is belonged to same type of diagrams as?

a)

Timing diagram

b)

Object diagram

c)

Activity diagram

d)

Class diagram

e)

Communication Diagram

41.

How do you represent in a sequence diagram another flow instead of the main flow?

a)

Use the alternative fragment

b)

Use the option fragment

c)

Break up the sequence diagram into multiple parts

d)

Use another fragment

e)

Draw a different sequence diagram and title it as Another Flow

42.

Which symbol in a sequence diagram represents a message sent from one object to another?

a)

Line with Oval

b)

Rectangle

c)

Line with Diamond

d)

Line with filled in star

e)

Line with filled in arrowhead

43.

What is modularity in software decomposition?

a)

It describes code that cannot be reused

b)

It is unrelated to software design

c)

It refers to making code less organized

d)

It is an unnecessary process in software design

e)

It means breaking a program into smaller, self-contained units

44.

Which of the following statements accurately differentiates aggregation from compositions?

a)

Aggregation is collection of objects that the owning class interacts

b)

Aggregation is always a one-to-one relationship, while composition can be one-to-many

c)

Aggregation is denoted by a solid line, while composition is denoted by a dashed line in class diagrams

d)

Aggregation represents a strong ownership relationship, while composition represents a weak relationship

e)

Aggregation allows the aggregated class to exist independently, while composition implies a strong lifecycle dependency

45.

What does the term "multiplicity" refer to in a class diagram?

a)

The visibility of a class's attributes

b)

The number of occurence of the relationship

c)

The number of methods a class has

d)

The number of objects that can be associated with a class in a relationship

e)

The complexity of a class's implementation

46.

In an interactive application, what is the role of a Boundary class?

a)

To manage database connections

b)

To implement core business logic

c)

To ensure the performance of the system

d)

To handle user interface interactions

e)

To encapsulate the data model

47.

Which software decomposition approach promotes the development of reusable components?

a)

Functional Decomposition

b)

Process Decomposition

c)

Object-Oriented Decomposition

d)

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

e)

Module Decomposition

48.

In a software system, what is the primary role of a control class?

a)

Controlling the flow of operations and interactions

b)

Controlling which logic to be implemented

c)

Defining the user interface

d)

Handling exceptions and errors

e)

Storing data

49.

Which of the following is a primary goal of software decomposition?

a)

Slowing down development

b)

None of these mentioned

c)

Reducing modularity

d)

Enhancing maintainability

e)

Increasing code complexity

50.

Which type of class is more likely to have methods for input validation and user input handling?

a)

Interface class

b)

Input class

c)

Boundary Class

d)

Entity class

e)

Validation class

51.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a control class?

a)

All of these mentioned

b)

It typically has a well-defined inheritance

c)

It is often responsible for user interface elements

d)

It encapsulate the data storage for an object

e)

It contains business logic

52.

In a class diagram, what is the purpose of a stereotype?

a)

To define the visibility of class members

b)

None of these mentioned

c)

To indicate a relationship between classes

d)

To provide additional information about a class

e)

To specify the type of inheritance relationship

53.

What is software decomposition?

a)

A process of breaking down a complex software system into smaller, more manageable parts

b)

A process of breaking up a complex concept into modules, making the design more manageable

c)

A process of compressing code to reduce file sizes

d)

A process of optimizing code for faster execution

e)

A process of adding new features to a software design


54.

How is composition represented in a class diagram?

a)

With a dashed line connected classes and a circle shape on the owned class’s end

b)

With a dashed line connecting classes and a diamond shape on the owned class’s end

c)

With a dashed line connecting classes and an arrow pointing to the owning class

d)

With a solid line connecting classes and a full diamond shape on the owning class’s end

e)

With a solid line connecting classes and a full circle shape on the owning class’s end

55.

What is an entity class in software development?

a)

A class that encapsulates a group of related attributes and methods

b)

A class that represents a specific function or operation

c)

A class that groups human users together

d)

A class that is not used in object-oriented programming

e)

A class used for user interface design

56.

When should you use a boundary class in software design?

a)

When you want to represent complex data structures

b)

When you need to interact with external systems, user, or devices

c)

When you want to define a contract that other classes must adhere to

d)

When you need to encapsulate data and operations related to core functionality

e)

None of these mentioned

57.

What does the hollow diamond shape in an aggregation relationship indicate?

a)

It signifies that the aggregated class is a subset of the aggregating class

b)

None of these mentioned

c)

It shows a strong ownership relationship between classes

d)

It represents a “is-a” relationship between classes

e)

It indicates a “part-of” relationship between classes

58.

Which design principle is often associated with control classes?

a)

Generalization

b)

Inheritance

c)

Polymorphism

d)

Encapsulation

e)

Composition

59.

Which of the following is true regarding the size and complexity of control classes?

a)

Control classes should be large to encompass all functionality

b)

None of these mentioned

c)

Control classes should be complex to handle intricate tasks

d)

Control classes should be small and simple

e)

Control classes have no size or complexity constraints

60.

Which software decomposition approach emphasizes encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism?

a)

Object-Oriented Decomposition

b)

Functional Decomposition

c)

Component-Based Decomposition

d)

Layered Architecture

e)

Process Decomposition

61.

Which relationship type in a class diagram represents an “is-a” relationship between classes?

a)

Depended

b)

Aggregation

c)

Association

d)

Include

e)

Inheritance

62.

Which of the following best describes the relationship between a control class and other classes in a software system?

a)

Control classes simplify the other classes by removing persistent data logic

b)

Control classes collaborate with other classes to achieve specific functionality

c)

Control classes are used for data storage

d)

Control classes inherit from other classes

e)

Control classes are always subclasses of other classes

63.

In an aggregation relationship, can the aggregated class be associated with multiple aggregating classes simultaneously?

a)

No, an aggregated class can only be associated with a single aggregating class

b)

Yes, an aggregated class can be associated with multiple aggregating classes

c)

Yes, but only if the aggregated class is abstract

d)

None of these mentioned

e)

No, aggregation relationships only involve a one-to-one relationship

64.

Which of the following best describes an interface class in software development?

a)

A class that defines the graphical user interface (GUI) of a software system

b)

None of these mentioned

c)

A class that encapsulates core application data and operations

d)

A class that specifies a contract of methods that other classes must implement

e)

A class responsible for managing communication with external databases

65.

What is a control class in software engineering?

a)

A class that defines the main program flow

b)

None of these mentioned

c)

A class that manages and co-ordinates the behavior of the other classes

d)

A class used to implement user interfaces

e)

A class used to implement user interfaces

66.

In a class diagram, how are entity classes typically represented?

a)

With a table with 3 rows

b)

With a triangle

c)

With a diamond

d)

With a rectangle

e)

With a circle

67.

Which UML notation is used to represent a private method in a class diagram?

a)

$

b)

%

c)

+

d)

-

e)

#

68.

Which UML notation is used to represent a public method in a class diagram?

a)

$

b)

%

c)

+

d)

-

e)

#

69.

In software design, control classes are primarily concerned with:

a)

Co-ordinating and managing interactions between other classes

b)

User interface layout

c)

Data storage and retrieval

d)

Error handling and Debugging

e)

Control class is the controller class in the Model-View-Controller pattern

70.

Which of the following is a primary role of a boundary class?

a)

Facilitating communication between the system and external actors

b)

Implementing complex algorithms

c)

Managing database and connections

d)

None of these mentioned

e)

Defining abstract data structures

71.

In Object-Oriented programming, entity classes often correspond to:

a)

External libraries

b)

Imaginary objects or concepts

c)

Graphical User Interface

d)

Real-world objects or concepts

e)

Database tables

72.

In a class diagram, what is the purpose of a stereotype?

a)

To provide additional information about a class

b)

To define the visibility of class members

c)

To define is a stereo relationship

d)

To specify the type of inheritance relationship

e)

None of these mentioned

73.

How is aggregation represented in a class diagram?

a)

With a solid line connecting classes and a hollow diamond shape on the owning class’s end

b)

With a solid line connecting classes and an arrow pointing to the owned class

c)

With a dashed line connecting classes and a diamond shape on the owned class’s end

d)

With a solid line connecting classes and a hollow circle shape on the owning class’s end

e)

With a dashed line connecting classes and a circle shape on the owned class’s end

74.

What is the benefit of using the Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)?

a)

It enhances communication and understanding of project scope

b)

It automates project scheduling

c)

None of these mentioned

d)

It simplifies resource allocations

e)

It reduces project risk

75.

Which of the following is the correct definition of an object?

a)

A self-contained entity that has data and behavior

b)

A method that is called on an object

c)

None of these mentioned

d)

A class that has been instantiated

e)

A group of objects that are related to each other

76.

Which of the following is not principle of software design?

a)

Abstractions

b)

Modularity

c)

None of these mentioned

d)

Coupling

e)

Cohesion

77.

Which of the following is true about WBS levels?

a)

The WBS should have an odd number of levels

b)

The number of levels is fixed at seven

c)

There are always four levels in a WBS

d)

The number of levels depends on the project’s complexity

e)

None of these mentioned

78.

In object-oriented programming, what is a class?

a)

An instance of an object

b)

A blueprint for creating objects

c)

A type of loop

d)

None of these mentioned

e)

A method that manipulates data

79.

Which of the following is the correct definition of inheritance?

a)

The ability of a class to have multiple parents

b)

The ability of a class to cast an object to another class

c)

None of these mentioned

d)

The ability of a class to inherit the properties and methods of another class

e)

The ability of a class to override the methods of its parent classes

80.

Which of the following is correct definition of polymorphism?

a)

None of these mentioned

b)

The ability of a class to have multiple parents

c)

The ability of a class to cast an object to another class

d)

The ability of a class to override the methods of its parent classes

e)

The ability of a method to behave differently depending on the object that is called on

81.

What are the three prats that all objects and classes should have?

a)

Name, Properties, Values

b)

Identity, Properties, Values

c)

Table, Rows, Name

d)

Identity, State, Services

e)

Name, State, Services

82.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of Object-Oriented Programming?

a)

It is not as widely used as procedural programming

b)

None of these mentioned

c)

It can be more complex than procedural programming

d)

It can be less efficient

e)

It can be more difficult to debug

83.

What is a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)?

a)

A risk assessment framework

b)

A document management tool

c)

A hierarchical decomposition of project work

d)

None of these mentioned

e)

A scheduling technique

84.

What is an object in object-oriented programming?

a)

A variable

b)

A data type

c)

An instance of a class

d)

A block of code

e)

None of these mentioned

85.

Which concepts allows you to define a blueprint for a class without creating instances of it?

a)

Inheritance

b)

Encapsulation

c)

Polymorphism

d)

None of these mentioned

e)

Abstraction

86.

Which model is used to describe and help better understand the properties of existing systems?

a)

Data model

b)

Constructive model

c)

Analytical model

d)

Process model

e)

Visual model

87.

Which of the following is not a type of inheritance?

a)

None of these mentioned

b)

Single inheritance

c)

Multilevel inheritance

d)

Hierarchical inheritance

e)

Multiple inheritance

88.

Which model is used to describe and help better understand the properties of existing systems?

a)

Constructive model

b)

Data model

c)

Process model

d)

Visual model

e)

Analytical model

89.

Which of the following is true about WBS levels?

a)

The number of levels is fixed at seven

b)

The WBS should have an odd number of levels

c)

There are always four levels in a WBS

d)

None of these mentioned

e)

The number of levels depends on the project’s complexity

90.

What is the purpose of abstract classes is Object-Oriented programming?

a)

To create instance of the class directly

b)

None of these mentioned

c)

To prevent inheritance and polymorphism

d)

To serve as a base class with common attributes and methods for subclasses

e)

To provide a complete implementation of all methods


91.

In Object-Oriented programming, what is a class?

a)

A blueprint for creating a program

b)

A type of loop

c)

None of these mentioned

d)

A method that manipulates data

e)

A program template for creating objects

92.

What is polymorphism in Object-Oriented programming?

a)

The ability of similar classes to be treated as instances of the same class through different interfaces

b)

The process of defining a class within another class

c)

The ability of different classes to be treated as instances of the same class through a common interface

d)

The process of encapsulating data and methods into a single unit

e)

The ability of a class to have multiple constructors

93.

How does abstraction contribute to software development?

a)

It simplifies complex problems by ignoring irrelevant details

b)

It makes software run faster by optimizing code execution

c)

It increase the memory footprint of software applications

d)

It reduces the need for Object-Oriented Programming languages

e)

None of these mentioned

94.

What does the top level of a WBS represents?

a)

Project phases

b)

Project objectives

c)

Detailed tasks

d)

Sub-projects

e)

None of these mentioned

95.

Which of the following is not an example of polymorphism?

a)

Method overriding

b)

Class casting

c)

Operator overloading

d)

Method overloading

e)

None of these mentioned

96.

What is software modeling?

a)

Documenting user requirements

b)

Testing software for bugs and errors

c)

Creating visual representations of software systems

d)

Writing code for software application

e)

All of these mentioned

97.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of object-oriented programming?

a)

It can be less efficient

b)

It can be more difficult to debug

c)

It can be more complex than procedural programming

d)

It is not as widely used as procedural programming

e)

None of these mentioned

98.

 Which section of a use case description provides details about what happens after the use case is successfully completed?

a)

Postconditions

b)

Basic Flow

c)

Alternate Flow

d)

None of these mentioned

e)

Preconditions

99.

Which section of a use case description describes the possible variations or exceptional scenarios?

a)

Postconditions

b)

Basic Flow

c)

Alternate Flow

d)

None of these mentioned

e)

Preconditions

100.

Which of the following is NOT a limitation of the COCOMO model?

a)

It may be less suitable for small projects

b)

It requires historical data for calibration

c)

None of these mentioned

d)

It doesn’t consider individual developer preferences

e)

It might not accurately handle complex projects

101.

What is the common drawback of using expert judgement for software estimation?

a)

It is time-consuming and resource-intensive

b)

It may be biased by the personal opinions of the experts

c)

It is only suitable for small projects

d)

None of these mentioned

e)

It cannot be combined with other estimation techniques

102.

What symbol is used to represent a use case diagram?

a)

Square

b)

Triangle

c)

Star

d)

DiamondEllipse

103.

What is the purpose of a use case diagram in requirements engineering?

a)

None of these mentioned

b)

To show the system architecture

c)

To illustrate the flow of interaction between users and the system

d)

To depict the user interface design

e)

To outline the database structure

104.

In a use case diagram, what is the use of system boundary?

a)

It separates the system from its environment

b)

It separates different use cases in the diagram

c)

It separates actors in the diagram

d)

It separates the general use cases from the specialized use cases

e)

It separates use case from their associated actors

105.

Which of the following is NOT a commonly used software estimation technique?

a)

Agile Estimation

b)

Delphi Techniques

c)

Line of Code (LOC)

d)

COCOMO (Constructive Cost Model)

e)

Function Point Analysis

106.

What is the primary purpose of a use case diagram in requirement gathering?

a)

None of these mentioned

b)

To depict the physical architecture of the system

c)

To visualize the interaction between users and the system

d)

To represent the flow of data within the system

e)

To show the internal structure of the system

107.

Which of the following is not a level of effort estimation used in the COCOMO model?

a)

Semi-Detached

b)

Embedded

c)

Organic

d)

Bungalow

e)

Distributed

108.

What section of a use case description typically outlines the steps that the actor and the system take?

a)

Postconditions

b)

None of these mentioned

c)

Alternate Flow

d)

Basic Flow

e)

Preconditions

109.

What is the main advantage of using historical data for software effort estimation?

a)

It eliminates the need for any other estimation techniques

b)

It offers a benchmark based on past project experiences

c)

It provides an accurate predication of exact effort required

d)

None of these mentioned

e)

It helps reduce the complexity of the project

110.

Which software estimation technique is based on the assumption that software development effort can be estimated based on the functional view of the system?

a)

Delphi Technique

b)

COCOMO (Constructive Cost Model)

c)

Agile Estimation

d)

Function Point Analysis

e)

Line of Cycle (LOC)

111.

Which part of the use case description address the conditions that must be true before the use case starts?

a)

Postconditions

b)

Alternate Flow

c)

Preconditions

d)

Basic Flow

e)

None of these mentioned

112.

What does the COCOMO model’s “effort multiplier” account for?

a)

Size of the user interface

b)

Team’s experience

c)

Lines of code

d)

Project’s complexity

e)

None of these mentioned

113.

What is the purpose of using effort multipliers in software effort estimation?

a)

To optimized the user interface of the software

b)

To convert lines of code into function points

c)

To calculate the exact number of bugs in the software

d)

None of these mentioned

e)

To adjust the effort estimate based on the project-specific factors

114.

What is the software estimation?

a)

The process of debugging and testing a software application

b)

None of these mentioned

c)

The process of predicting the cost and effort required for a software project

d)

The process of determination the hardware requirements for a software project

e)

The process of designing the user interface of a software application

115.

In a use case diagram, what does a dashed line with an arrow pointing towards the actor represent?

a)

Include

b)

Extend

c)

Dependency

d)

Generalization

e)

Association

116.

What is the purpose of a “Software Estimation Technique”?

a)

None of these mentioned

b)

To determine the marketing strategy for a software product

c)

To provide a rough idea of the effort,time,and resources required for a software project

d)

To accurately predict the weather during a software project

e)

To calculate the exact duration of a software project

117.

What is the primary purpose of a use case diagram in requirements gathering?

a)

To visualize the interactions between users and the system

b)

To represent the flow of data within the system

c)

To show the internal structure of the system

d)

To depict the physical architecture of the system

e)

None of these mentioned

118.

Which of the following is NOT a common factor influencing software effort estimation?

a)

Project scope

b)

None of these mentioned

c)

Team experience and skills

d)

Complexity of requirements

e)

Developer’s favorite programming language

119.

What is the difference between an include relationship and an extend relationship in a use case diagram?

a)

An include relationship is mandatory, while an extend relationship is optional

b)

An include relationship shows a generalization, while extend relationship shows a special case

c)

An include relationship depicts a temporal sequence, while extend relationship depicts an optional sequence

d)

An include relationship is used for sub-tasks, while extend relationship is used for system events

e)

There is no difference, they can be used interchangeably

120.

What is the main purpose of a use case description?

a)

None of these mentioned

b)

To outline the architectural structures of the software

c)

To provide a visual representation of the system interactions

d)

To define the technical implementation details of the system

e)

To describe the functionality and behavior of a specific use case

121.

What is the most effective way of managing team conflicts?

a)

Assigning blame to one person in particular

b)

None of these mentioned

c)

Discussing the issues openly and coming up with solution together

d)

Ignoring the issue until it goes away

e)

Yelling and screaming at each other until one person breaks down

122.

In which phase of the software development life cycle (SDLC) do you start coding?

a)

Planning

b)

Requirements Gathering

c)

Implementation

d)

Maintenance

e)

Design

123.

What does the term “elicitation” mean in the context of requirements engineering

a)

Prioritizing requirement

b)

Reviewing and approving requirements

c)

Collecting and discovering requirements from stakeholders

d)

Documenting requirements

124.

Which of the following is an example of non-functional requirement?

a)

The system must allow users to log in using their email address

b)

The system must have a responsive user interface

c)

The system must use a relational database

d)

The system must generate monthly reports for management

125.

Which SDLC model is best suited for project with low risk and fixed well-defined scope?

a)

Agile model

b)

Incremental model

c)

Iterative model

d)

Waterfall model

e)

Spiral model

126.

Which of the following is an example of communication barrier that may arise in a team project?

a)

All team members have the same background and skill set

b)

Allowing team members to work completely independently

c)

Language barriers

d)

Everyone likes each other too much

e)

Having too many teams meetings

127.

What is the effective way to track project progress?

a)

Allowing team members to work completely independently

b)

Assigning blame to one person in particular

c)

Conducting regular check-ins and giving clear feedback on progress

d)

None of these mentioned

e)

Setting unrealistic goals to motivate the team

128.

Which of the following is an important factor to consider when setting project timelines?

a)

None of these mentioned

b)

Setting an unrealistic timeline to motivate team

c)

Making the timeline too long to ensure all task are completed leisurely

d)

Withholding information about timeline to prevent under stress on the team

e)

Allowing for buffer time in case of delays

129.

Which of the following is not an essential component of a software requirement specification (SRS)?

a)

Design Diagrams

b)

Non-functional requirements

c)

Functional requirements

d)

Acceptance Criteria

e)

Constraints and Assumptions

130.

Which of the following is a functional requirement?

a)

The system must allow user to create, edit, and delete documents

b)

The system must be user-friendly

c)

The system must be developed using Java programming language

d)

The system must support 1000 concurrent users

131.

If a client wants to develop a software for commercial use that has all its key functions available from an Off-The-Shelf software. Only with very minimal refinements are required. What would you recommend your client to do?

a)

Suggest your client to get Off-The-Shelf software as there may be many IP challenges

b)

Charge the client minimally as the charges are very minor

c)

None of these mentioned

d)

Charge the client highly

132.

What is the main objective of the requirement negotiation process?

a)

To eliminate non-functional requirements

b)

To finalize the software architecture

c)

To achieve consensus among stakeholder on conflicting requirements

d)

To replace user requirements with technical specification

133.

What is the main goal of requirements validation?

a)

To identify conflicts, error and omission in the requirements

b)

To finalize the requirement before development begins

c)

To ensure that the requirements meet international standards

d)

To determine the optimal development methodology

134.

What is the purpose of feasibility study during requirements engineering?

a)

To determine if the software can be developed within the timeline

b)

To access the technical skills of the development team

c)

To create a detail software design

d)

To evaluate the cost-effectiveness and practicality of the software project

135.

What does the term “Verifiable”  mean in the context of requirements?

a)

Requirements must be easy to understand

b)

Requirements must be testable and measurable

c)

Requirements must be approved by a verification team

d)

Requirements must be documented using technical language

136.

Which of the following is a characteristic of well-defined requirement?

a)

Completeness

b)

Ambiguity

c)

General Wording

d)

Multiple Interpretations

137.

In which phase of the software development life cycle (SDLC) are the user requirements documented and analyzed?

a)

Planning

b)

Design

c)

Implementation

d)

Requirements gathering

e)

Maintenance

138.

If a client wants to develop a software for commercial use that has a lot of its functions that are unconventional. How would you begin?

a)

None of these mentioned

b)

Don’t waste time with this client and move on to the next

c)

Convince the client to keep it realistic

d)

Conduct a focused interview

139.

Which of the following should be included in the project plan?

a)

A list of team member’s personal phone numbers and address

b)

Personal interests of team members

c)

None of these mentioned

d)

Goals and Objectives

e)

A list of team member’s performance scores